Pharmaceutical name: Hemp seed

Pinyin: huomaren

English name: hemp fruit

Source: Cannabis sativa of the Moraceae family Plant kernels. Its leaves are shaped like flames and its seeds are used for medicinal purposes, hence its name.

Effects: Moisturize dryness, smooth intestines, relieve stranguria, and activate blood circulation.

Indications: Treat intestinal dryness, constipation, thirst, hot stranguria, wind paralysis, dysentery, irregular menstruation, scabies, ringworm and leprosy.

Meridian distribution of nature and flavor: sweet, flat. ① "Herbal Classic": "It tastes sweet and flat." ② "Wu Pu's Materia Medica": "Shenyi and Qi Bo: pungent; Lei Gong and Bian Que: non-toxic." ③ "Tang Materia Medica": "Cold.", ④ "Dietotherapeutic Materia Medica": "Slightly cold."

Enters the spleen, stomach and large intestine meridians. ① "Decoction and Materia Medica": "Enter the Foot Taiyin and Hand Yangming Meridians." ② "Medicine of Medicine": "Enter the Lung and Large Intestine Meridians." ③ "Compendium of Materia Medica for Truth": "Enter the Spleen, Stomach, and Large Intestine."

Usage and dosage: Oral administration: decoction, 3 to 5 qian; or take into pills and powder. External use: pound for application or apply oil.

Medication taboos: ① "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Afraid of oysters, Baiwei, and Poria cocos." ② "Food Habits of Materia Medica": "Eating too much will damage the blood vessels and smooth the essence, and women will eat too much hair ties. "③" Materia Medica Congxin": "It is especially contraindicated by people with slippery intestines."

Drug compatibility: with Yu Liren, it can moisturize and relieve diarrhea; with Trichosanthes trichosanthes, it can moisturize the intestines and relieve constipation; Slippery intestine.

Alias: Ma Zi ("Ben Jing"), Ma Zi Ren ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases"), Ma Zi ("Compendium of Materia Medica"), Ma Zi ("Medical Property Theory"), White Ma Zi ("Qianjin· "Food Treatment"), winter hemp seed ("Food and Medicine Heart Mirror"), hemp seed ("New Compendium of Materia Medica"), cannabis ("Compendium of Materia Medica"), also known as: Ma ("The Book of Songs"), Hanma ("Things") Jiyuan"), hemp ("Daily Materia Medica"), Shansi Miao ("Materia Medica for Famine Relief"), jute ("Compendium")

Prescription name: hemp kernel, hemp kernel, hemp kernel , raw hemp seed, roasted hemp seed, winter hemp seed, hemp seed

The prescription says hemp seed, hemp seed, and hemp seed all refer to raw hemp seed, which is used raw to remove impurities from the original medicine. .

Fried sesame seeds are also called fried sesame seeds. Stir-fry the sesame seeds over slow fire until slightly yellow and use them as medicine. It also has the effect of replenishing deficiency.

Trade name: hemp seeds, hemp seeds. The seeds are better if they are plump, dry, white in color, pure and free of impurities.

Medicinal parts: the roots of this plant (hemp roots), stem bark fibers (hemp bark), leaves (hemp leaves), male flower branches (hemp flowers), and young fruit ears of female plants (hemp flowers). Bi) is also used for medicinal purposes, please prepare a detailed article.

Distribution of animal and plant resources: cultivated throughout the country.

Harvesting and storage of medicinal materials: When the fruits mature in autumn and winter, cut the whole plant, dry it in the sun, cut the fruit and remove impurities.

Latin name: medicinal material fructus cannabis, original plant cannabis, cannabis sativa l.

Preparation method: remove impurities and remaining shells, and take the pure kernels.

Textual research: From "Daily Materia Medica", Shennong's Materia Medica.

Identification of raw medicinal materials: The dried fruit is flat and oval, 4 to 5 mm long, 3 to 4 mm in diameter, smooth surface, gray-green or gray-yellow, with fine white, brown or black patterns. There is a light-colored shuttle thread on each side. One end is blunt and pointed, and the other end has a round concave spot where the fruit stem has fallen off. The exocarp is thin and the endocarp is crispy. The green seed coat often adheres to the endocarp and is difficult to separate. The endosperm is gray-white and thin; the cotyledons are two, thick and oily; the odor is slight and the taste is light. The ones that are yellow in color, have no skin and are plump are better. Produced in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin, Sichuan, Gansu, Yunnan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places. Microscopic identification: Powder: dark brown. ① When viewed from the surface of the exocarp stone cells, the vertical walls are deeply wavy and curved, and some branches are star-shaped, with a diameter of 15-55 μm, a wall thickness of 4-10 μm, and fine pits, and some contain yellow-brown substances; in cross-section, the cells are tangentially extended, and the cells are The lines are not clear. ② The endocarp stone cells are light yellow or yellow-brown, with a grid-like cross-section, 72 to 216 μm in the radial direction, and about 50 μm in the tangential direction. The cell boundaries are not obvious, the radial wall is thick, and it becomes thinner near the inner wall. After dissociation, there are visible Most of the cone-shaped protrusions or short branches, the inner and outer walls are slightly flat or deeply wavy, with fine pits and obvious pores and grooves; the top view is round or polygonal, the vertical wall is thick, deeply wavy, and the pores and grooves are relatively large. Fine and dense; the vertical wall is thick when viewed from the bottom, deeply wavy and curved, and the pores and grooves are finer; the vertical wall is thicker when viewed from the bottom, and the cell cavity is larger. ③Reticular peel cells have a diameter of 7 to 11 μm, thin walls, and wavy curves. ④Calcium oxalate cluster crystals exist in the shriveled peel parenchyma cells, with a diameter of 5 to 15 μm. In addition, there are seed coat epidermal cells and cotyledon cells. This product is best with plump grains and milky white kernels.

Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: Hemp seeds contain about 30% fatty oil. The newly squeezed oil is greenish-yellow, and will turn brownish-yellow after a long time; the iodine value is 140-170 (usually 150-166), which is a dry oil. The fatty acids of oil are 4.5 to 9.5% saturated; among the unsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid is about 12%, linoleic acid is 53%, and linolenic acid is 25%. The oil contains some cannabidiol. It also contains calcium and magnesium phytate (phytin), which is more than in leaves, stems, and buds; the content in seed kernels can reach 1%.

The seeds contain trigonelline and dl-isoleucine betaine [dl-isoleucine betaine]; they also contain about 30% fatty oil, which is a dry oil. The oil contains 6.8% to 13.8% saturated fatty acids and 13.1% oleic acid. ~19.9%, linoleic acid 43% ~ 58%, linolenic acid 14% ~ 27%. In addition, it contains edesinase and protein.

Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine: thin layer chromatography: Take 2g of this product powder, add 10ml of chloroform, reflux and extract for 15min, filter, concentrate the filtrate to about 1ml for spotting, and take linoleic acid chloroform solution as a control The above solutions were spotted on the same fast silica gel h-cmc plate, developed with benzene-ethyl acetate (8:2), and sprayed with 0.1% α-nitroso-β-naphthol precipitated sulfuric acid test solution. , heating and color development, the corresponding positions of the chromatograms of the sample solution and the reference solution show spots of the same color.