Chinese name: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Nickname: yellow spicy diced.
Two-name method: Pseudobagrus fulvidraco
Field: animal kingdom
Door: Chordata, Chordata.
Class: Actinidia, Actinidia
Objective: Siluriformes.
Family: Bagridae.
Genus; Pelteobagrus fulvidraco of the genus Pelteobagrus
Species: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Distribution: Mainly distributed in the Yangtze River valley of China.
catalogue
Biological characteristics and morphological characteristics
Living habits
Eating habits
Age and growth
type
classify
nutritional ingredient
Medicinal value
Brief introduction of aquaculture technology
Key points of operation
Fish stocking
Fishing method
Biological and Morphological Characteristics of Gourmet Cooking
Living habits
Eating habits
Age and growth
type
classify
nutritional ingredient
Medicinal value
Brief introduction of aquaculture technology
Key points of operation
Fish stocking
Fishing method
Gourmet cooking
Expand and edit the biological characteristics of this paragraph.
morphological character
Stichopus japonicus (also known as stickleback, Ga fish) and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco have a long body, a flat abdomen, a slightly flat rear half, and a large flat head. Blunt snout, big mouth crack, low position, upper jaw slightly longer than lower jaw, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Both the upper and lower jaws have fine hairs and teeth. Small eyes, lateral position, slightly raised septum. There must be 4 pairs, the nose must reach the posterior edge of the eye, and the maxilla must be the longest, reaching the back of the pectoral fin base. There are two pairs of beards, the outside one is longer than the inside one. The back is dark brown, the side is yellow, there are three intermittent black stripes, the abdomen is light yellow, and the fins are gray-black. Dorsal fin strips 6~7, gluteal fin strips 19~23, lateral gill rakes 14~ 16, and vertebrae 36~38. No matter how the dorsal fin branches, it is a hard thorn, and its trailing edge is serrated. The distance from the starting point of the dorsal fin to the snout is smaller than that from the base of the caudal fin to the snout. The sternum of pectoral fin is well developed, with serrations at the front and rear edges, 30~45 fine serrations at the front edge and 7~ 17 coarse serrations at the rear edge. The pectoral fin is slightly fan-shaped and the end is close to the ventral fin. Lipid fin is shorter than gluteal fin, with free end and starting point opposite to gluteal fin.
Living habits
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco mostly moves in still water or slow rivers and lives in benthos. Live at the bottom of the lake during the day and swim to the surface for food at night. Strong adaptability to the environment, so you can live in harsh environmental conditions. Young fish mostly feed along rivers and lakes. This kind of fish belongs to warm water fish. The survival temperature is 0~38℃. The optimum growth temperature is 25~28℃, the pH value is 6.0~9.0, and the optimum pH value is 7.0~8.4. Hypoxia tolerance is average. Dissolved oxygen in water normally grows above 3mg/L, floats below 2mg/L, and suffocates below1mg/L. ..
Eating habits
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a carnivorous omnivorous fish. Foraging activities usually take place at night. Food includes small fish, shrimp, various terrestrial and aquatic insects (especially chironomid larvae), small mollusks and other aquatic invertebrates, and sometimes they prey on small fish. Its feeding habits vary with the environment and seasons. In spring and summer, it often devours the eggs of other fish. In the cold season, there are more small fish in the food, and the benthos gradually decrease. Different specifications of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco have different feeding habits, with a body length of 2~4cm, mainly feeding on copepods and cladocera; Individuals with a body length of 5~8cm mainly feed on zooplankton and aquatic insects; Individuals over 8 cm eat mollusks and small fish.
Age and growth
The growth rate of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is slow, and the common individual weight is 200 ~ 300 g. In large natural waters, the fish of 1 year can grow to 56mm in length and weigh 5.7g g.. The 2 nd instar fish can reach 98.3 mm in length and 20.6 g in weight. The third instar fish can grow to 135.5mm and weigh 36.1g. The 4th instar fish can grow to 160. 1mm and weigh 58.2g, and the 5th instar fish can grow to 177.7mm and weigh 81.3g. The males of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are generally larger than females. 1~2-year-old fish grow faster, and then grow slower. The 5-year-old fish is only 250 mm
type
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco reached sexual maturity at 2-4 winter ages (about 3 years old or older), and the minimum mature individuals was female fish 1 1.7cm, and male fish 14.8cm. Sexually mature males have a reproductive process behind the anus, while females do not. It lays eggs in April-May in the south and begins to lay eggs in June in the north. It is a kind of fish that lays eggs late. The water temperature should be 20~30℃. Oviposition activities are carried out at night, and eggs can be laid when the weather turns from sunny to rainy. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has the habit of nesting and laying eggs to protect its offspring. When spawning, the parent fish chooses sandy mudflats with aquatic plants, with a water depth of 8~ 10cm, and pectoral fins intermittently prick the mud bottom. Several fish nests are put together, dozens of them are a group, and they are not far apart to form a hole group. Each hole has a diameter of about15cm and a depth of about10cm, where eggs are laid and fertilized. The male fish protects the eggs from hatching in the hole. When other fish approached the hole, the male fish pounced on the intruder and drove the invading fish out. And often use huge pectoral fins to stir, let the water in the hole circulate, and use the water flow to assist the hatching of eggs. Guard until the larvae can swim by themselves (7~8 days). During this time, males hardly eat. After laying eggs, the female fish leave the nest in search of food. The fecundity of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is 1086~4469, and the diameter of mature eggs is1.7 mm. The fertilized eggs are yellow and sticky, and sink to the bottom of the nest or develop on the fibrous roots of aquatic plants attached to the nest wall. Its eggs are about 2.5 mm in diameter and can hatch in two days. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can lay eggs in batches.
Edit this paragraph classification
There are many kinds of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, including Pelteobagrus vachelli, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus intermedia, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.
, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, etc. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has a short kiss. Must be 4 pairs; Maxillary beard is long, and the end exceeds the middle of pectoral fin. The body is scaleless. The posterior edge of dorsal fin spine is serrated. The pectoral fin spines are as long as the dorsal fin spines, and the front and rear edges are serrated. Lipfin is short. Gluteal fin strip 2 1 ~ 23. The caudal fin is deeply forked. The nose hair is all black. It is a common fish in rivers and lakes, especially in the middle and lower reaches of lakes. Life under the sea in the camp. Eat insects, shrimp, snails and small fish. Individuals are not widely distributed in the Yangtze River system. The head of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is covered with a thin skin. There must be 4 pairs, and the end of maxillary whisker exceeds the base of pectoral fin. The body is scaleless. The dorsal fin spine is longer than the pectoral fin spine, and the posterior edge is serrated. The pectoral fin spine has a smooth front edge and a serrated back edge. The ventral fin does not reach the gluteal fin. The base of fat fin is slightly shorter than the base of gluteal fin. Gluteal fin strip 2 1 ~ 25. For bottom fish. All rivers and lakes can survive, especially rivers. The staple food is insect larvae and shrimp. The largest individual is about 2 kg. Distributed in the Yangtze River and Pearl River systems. The kiss of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (Huanggu oil) is short and slightly sharp. There are 4 pairs of whiskers, the maxilla is slightly shorter, and the end does not reach the base of pectoral fin. The dorsal fin spine is longer than the pectoral fin spine, and the posterior edge is serrated, while the anterior edge of the pectoral fin spine is smooth and the posterior edge is serrated. The end of the ventral fin can reach the beginning of the gluteal fin. The base of fat fin is shorter than that of gluteal fin, with 22 ~ 25 gluteal fin strips. The caudal fin is deeply forked. Life in the middle and lower classes of Jianghu. Eat aquatic insects and shrimp. Laying eggs in shallow coastal waters from April to May. When breeding, the male fish digs a round hole at the bottom of the pot, which is covered with aquatic plants. Female fish lay eggs in the cave, and male fish wait by the cave to protect the development of fish eggs. The individual is not big, and the common body length is 80 ~ 140mm. Distributed in the Yangtze River system. Pelteobagrus vachelli (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Pelteobagrus vachelli is much larger than Pelteobagrus vachelli, and the largest individual can reach more than 1kg.
Edit the nutritional composition of this paragraph.
(per 100g) Edible part 52 Moisture (g) 7 1.6 Energy (kcal) 124 Energy (kj) 5 19 protein (g) 17.8 Fat (g) 2.7 Carbohydrate. 90 ash (g) 0.8 vitamin A (mg) 0 carotene (mg) 0 retinol (mg) 0 thiamine (mg) 0.0/riboflavin (mg) 0.06 nicotinic acid (mg) 3.7 vitamin C (mg) 0 vitamin E (t) (mg)/kloc-0. -E 0.43 δ-E 0 Calcium (mg) 59 Phosphorus (mg) 166 Potassium (mg) 202 Sodium (mg) 250.4 Magnesium (mg) 19 Iron (mg) 6.4 Zinc (mg) 1.48 Selenium (mg).
Edit the medicinal value of this paragraph.
Sexual taste of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: sweet, flat and slightly toxic. Function: diuresis, edema elimination, wind expelling, sober up. Edible: suitable for patients with ascites due to liver cirrhosis, nephritis edema, beriberi edema and malnutrition edema; Suitable for Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Children's acne rash is eaten in the early stage. Compendium of Materia Medica: "Cooking can eliminate edema and facilitate urination." Yao Kecheng's Edible Materia Medica: "It is mainly beneficial to the spleen and stomach and the five internal organs, and prickly heat is more common in children." Avoid eating: According to past experience, it is a kind of "hair", so people with chronic diseases, such as bronchial asthma, tuberculosis of lymph nodes, cancer, lupus erythematosus, intractable pruritic skin diseases, etc., should avoid eating or eat carefully. Avoid eating with Schizonepeta tenuifolia. "Daily Materia Medica": "Patients, especially those who get angry, get sore and get scabies, should not eat it." "Life Taste Diet Spectrum": "The taste is sweet and slightly toxic, with acne." Compendium of Materia Medica: "Anti-Schizonepeta." Prescription: (1) edema (acute nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, etc. ): 3 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, mung bean 1 small cup, garlic 1 piece, boiled in water, fish removed, beans eaten, soup without salt. (2) Exhausted dysentery: dissect Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 1 tail, take 20 castor beans, seal them with yellow mud, calcine them with charcoal fire, remove mud, grind them into fine powder, and coat them with vegetable oil twice a day. Before use, wash and wipe the affected area with salt water. (This prescription can also be used to treat lower limb ulceration. ) Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Saliva Source: Mucus secreted by Pelteobagrus fulvidraco skin. From Compendium of Materia Medica: "Pelteobagrus fulvidraco saliva, take it under the wing." Meridian tropism: lung; Kidney meridian. Harvesting and storage: It can be fished all year round. After catching it, scrape off the mucus secreted by its skin, which is rarely used. Administration and dosage: oral: into pills, with appropriate amount. Indications: Daily Materia Medica: "Cure thirst." Prescription: Drink more to cure thirst: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco saliva, clam powder and talcum powder are equally divided. The meatballs are big, with 30 corn soups each. The source of the cheek bone of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is the cheek bone of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Indications: Puji prescription: "Cure throat obstruction, yellow catfish cheekbones burn ash to give fire poison, and adjust San Qian dagger with tea." The above contents are for reference only. Please follow the doctor's instructions for all diagnosis and treatment.
Gourmet cooking
Baked goldfish cuisine: Su cuisine recipe Ingredients: goldfish (i.e. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) 10, onion, garlic, ginger, onion, dried pepper, onion oil and roasted goldfish with refined salt oil.
, monosodium glutamate, chicken essence and Shaoxing wine. Methods: 1. Slaughter snakehead, wash it, add onion, ginger, Shaoxing wine, refined salt and other seasonings, stir well, and marinate it to taste. 2. Slice the onion, put it into the bottom of the casserole together with minced garlic, minced garlic, ginger slices and dried peppers, spread goldfish, add 250g of onion oil, cover the casserole, and simmer for 10 minute. Operation essentials: the taste of snakehead should be tender and slightly spicy, and the smell of onion should be strong. Don't take too long to heat the casserole after it is covered. Sichuan Red Pot Yellow Pepper Diced Ingredients: 500g yellow pepper diced (scientific name Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, also known as yellow girl), Sichuan sauerkraut 100g, 30g pepper festival, 50g garlic, 50g fresh tomato, 30g celery and 20g chives. Ingredients: 20 grams of watercress, 65,438+00 pieces of pepper, 65,438+00 grams of ginger, 65,438+05 pieces of peanuts, 65,438+00 grams of rock sugar, 5 pieces of star anise, and Sichuan red jar diced yellow pepper.
4 pieces of fragrant leaves, 20g of onion oil, broth 1000g, chicken essence 10g, salad oil 10g. Methods: L, slaughter diced yellow pepper, tear off cheeks and internal organs and wash them with clear water for later use. Celery is cut into 3 cm long sections and then cut into slender strips. Cut the tomato into 0.2 cm thick slices, remove the pedicels of garlic cloves for later use, and cut the shallots into 5 cm long segments. 2. Put the pot on the fire, add the scallion oil and heat it to 70% heat. Stir-fry the rock sugar with low fire until it is reddish brown. Add watercress, pepper, pepper, ginger and peanuts, stir-fry until fragrant. Add broth and chicken essence and simmer over medium heat to make a bright red soup, which is thick and tender, and then filter the residue for later use. 3. Put a small amount of salad oil on the fire and burn it to 50% heat. Stir-fry pickled cabbage, diced yellow pepper and celery to get fragrance. Add the cooked red soup and simmer for 8 minutes. Add Sichuan pepper festival, whole garlic, fresh tomatoes and chives and eat together on high fire. Features: bright red color, fresh and tender meat, spicy and mellow. Production key: the diced yellow pepper should not be too big, just medium size. Spicy yellow diced ingredients: dried pepper, pepper, ginger, onion and garlic. Seasoning: cooking wine, light soy sauce, salt, sugar and chicken essence. Practice: put cooking oil in the pot (more than usual), add pepper and stir-fry until it is fragrant, then add dried pepper, ginger slices, onion segments and garlic and stir-fry until it is fragrant (avoid fire, pepper and dried pepper should not be burnt), then add fish and stir-fry, then add cooking wine, soy sauce and sugar to stir-fry until it is fragrant, and then heat the pot based on water. This kind of fish is tender and doesn't need to be cooked for a long time. At this time, you can add salt and chicken essence to taste. Add lettuce slices and cook them together before cooking. Don't cook for too long. They are too soft to eat. After filling the pot, decorate it with a little coriander, and a good home-cooked food is born. The characteristics of boiled diced yellow meat are: the juice is red and tender, salty and slightly spicy, and the flavor is Sichuan boiled. Boiled diced yellow meat
Ingredients: yellow diced 750g seasoning: Pixian watercress 35g, pickled pepper 20g, pepper 2g, ginger rice 5g (the size of ginger-cut rice), garlic 10g, chopped green onion 15g, Pogostemon leaves 15g, cooking wine 20g, salt 5g and soy sauce 6g. Salad oil 1 000g (consumption100g) Operation technology:1yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow, yellow Add diced yellow mud, diced yellow mud, diced yellow mud, diced yellow mud, diced yellow mud, diced yellow mud, diced yellow mud, diced yellow mud, put 75g of oil in the pot, add watercress, pickled pepper, ginger and garlic, stir-fry and color, and add broth, cooking wine, diced yellow meat, soy sauce, salt, vinegar, sugar and garlic. When the diced yellow meat is tasty and the soup is thick, push the monosodium glutamate, chopped green onion and patchouli leaves evenly, and take the pot and plate. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is often used as medicine to take its whole fish. Its meat is sweet and flat, and it has the effect of expelling wind and diuresis, and can be used to treat edema, sore throat and other diseases.