Explain the method of writing and the function of the method.

plain text is a style that objectively explains things, with the purpose of giving people knowledge, or explaining the state, nature and functional characteristics of things, or explaining things. PVX

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1. Mastering the stylistic knowledge of expository writing: PvW

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(1) Grasping the explanatory object and distinguishing whether it is things or things. . G%C2h

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defines the characteristics of things to be explained: a sign that one thing is different from others. Mw*xp

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(2), in order to explain the characteristics of things or explain things, it is necessary to adopt appropriate explanation methods. & }Ik

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) Common explanation methods include: classification, citing examples, analogy, listing numbers, comparison, definition, interpretation, imitation, drawing charts, etc. Read the explanatory text and understand the explanatory methods used in the explanatory text. First, it depends on what explanatory methods are used, what objects are explained, and what life needs are adapted to; Second, it depends on what language form the explanation method used is expressed. )

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If you master several common explanation methods, you will analyze their functions in the text: @ ~ @~F

1． p > 1. Classification: make the explanation clear and avoid overlapping. /}

2. Define: Make readers have a definite understanding of the concept. @

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3. Compare what people are familiar with with what they want to explain, so as to highlight the characteristics of what is explained. 8} @ x' |

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4. Examples: can make readers get a concrete understanding of the characteristics of the explanatory object. mbPv&

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6. Column numbers: can accurately explain things. Z $ k

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7. Matching charts: make readers understand the things explained at a glance and intuitively. Ge' bu/

8. Citation: It can make the content of the explanation more specific and substantial. O]pM& C

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(3), the instructions should be in order, which is a necessary condition to make the instructions organized. A=yL

Common explanation sequences are: time sequence (program sequence is a kind of time sequence), spatial order and logical sequence. According to the purpose and object of explanation, the order of explanation can be given priority to with one order, and other orders can be used simultaneously. B

(4), pay attention to the structure of the explanatory text. M

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The common forms of the structure of expository texts are: "general"-"specific", "general-sub-general", "sub-general", parallel, progressive and so on. f:J< K\

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(5) The accuracy of explanatory language is a prerequisite for explanatory language. HB

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There is no contradiction between accuracy, diversity and flexibility. Some people are good at being plain, while others are good at being lively. Because of the different language styles of the explanatory object and the author, the explanatory languages are also varied. Or general, or specific, or concise, or plump, or concise, or detailed; Or plain and simple, or humorous. In short, not stick to one pattern. &

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Second, the examination points %PvLV?

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(1) Be able to understand the meaning of words in the text. Correctly understand, judge and explain the key words in scientific and technological expositions. \ g

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(2) Understand the important sentences in the text. Accurately grasp the meaning and function of important sentences in the text. $

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(3) can identify, filter and integrate the important information in the text. \

(4) To be able to analyze and summarize the main points of the article, and to correctly understand and accurately grasp it by reading the viewpoints and explanatory objects of the article. T:

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(5) Can reasonably infer and imagine according to the content of the article. Vd#

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The reading ability test of scientific and technological expositions mainly examines the ability to understand articles, and the angle of examination is the ability to capture language information and chart information, not the understanding degree of professional knowledge. Clear examination objects and requirements, so that we can review and prepare for the exam. %8,G

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III. Propositional laws P

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Explanatory texts are generally examined in the form of objective questions. When designing wrong topics, proposers often have the following ideas: .1 [b * i

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(1). At first glance, this option is the same as the original statement, but after careful scrutiny, it will be found that they are actually not the same thing. Q=I

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(2) The degree and scope of intentional confusion. ?

(3) From the development law, the probable and inevitable situations are intentionally confused. That is to say, the possible intention in the original text is said to be inevitable, and the occasional is said to be often. E{4RTU

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(4) As far as tenses are concerned, intentional confusion has occurred. That is to say, the idea or speculation in the original text is intentionally said to have been. HK

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(5) take the partial as the general. Some characteristics of one aspect or part of it are said to be the characteristics of all similar things. ZMg

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(6) Causality is reversed or causality is forced. That is to say, the cause is the result, the result is the cause, or the causal relationship is established between the two without causal relationship. JGDZ~

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(7) Zhang Guan Li Dai. This interference term often refers to the invention of A as the invention of B, or the characteristics of A as the characteristics of B.. J"(& g

(8) misclassification. That is, take apart the same kind or put different kinds together. 7o`d7

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(9) Made out of nothing. That is, the original text did not mean this, but fabricated this statement out of thin air. %eV{jN

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fourth, problem-solving guidance; : zPr

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(1), the whole sensing material f@

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The overall perception of reading materials is to make a basic grasp of the content of reading materials. Try to summarize the main idea, identify the writing ideas, and have a basic overall understanding of the content of the whole material, so as to lay the foundation for further understanding of the reading material. Grasping the reading material as a whole is of great significance to understanding the article, because the accurate analysis and in-depth understanding of local problems cannot be separated from the accurate grasp of the material as a whole. Starting from the whole, focusing on the big picture, grasping the main idea, writing characteristics, important information and other aspects of the reading materials, and then deepening the understanding of each specific or local problem in the reading materials, so as to achieve a comprehensive and accurate answer to the required problem, which should be the correct procedure for the examination-oriented reading of scientific and technological reading materials, and also embodies the reading of $ k <:

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the general law of reading process. The reading materials of science and technology articles in senior high school entrance examination have always attached great importance to the overall content design, highlighting the propositional characteristics of examining the overall understanding level, and even more demanding that we should first grasp the reading materials in the exam-oriented reading. To perceive the reading materials as a whole, we should also pay attention to the following points: I% < P > \)&; S2

①. Grasp the description object and its characteristics or content points; Y5+"n

②. Grasp the key words and important sentences and run through the full text; ~Qm#~C

③. Contact the test questions, highlight the overall purpose and pertinence. BU

(2), screening integration information GD

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Of course, the principle of selecting and integrating information materials is to meet the requirements of test questions. The selection and integration of information is an important method to solve some specific problems in the reading process. Screening and integrating important information involves grasping the overall content of the article, and it is more related to the purpose and intention of screening. The following points should be noted when screening and integrating information: Y

① Based on the reading questions, the purpose of screening and sorting out should be made clear and the scope of screening and sorting out should be determined. Some of the information required to be filtered may involve only a few sentences, and some may involve one or even several paragraphs or even the whole article. M"I

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② Summarize and integrate the contents of the screening scope, and explore its hidden information. Some information can be obtained by directly extracting from the screening range, but some information is not directly transmitted, but can be obtained only after summarizing and integrating the contents of the determined range. Induction and integration should start with the key sentence meaning and layer meaning within this certain range, and then explore its hidden information. . ZI

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③ According to the requirements of reading questions, identify the filtered and integrated information one by one. Identify the corresponding points correctly, and carefully analyze them from the perspectives of semantic focus, scope, degree and positive and negative directions of modifiers. D>

(3), with the help of logical knowledge /%'

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scientific and technological expositions are very logical, and with the help of logical common sense, they can help us understand the meaning. ) Xsewc

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① Understand the connotation and extension of the concept; & ~ss]

② Grasp the relationship between concepts. Generally, there are the following relations between concepts: unity, genus, cross, contradiction and opposition; C5q

③ Understand the limitations and generalizations of concepts. {yq=[,

(3) With the help of grammar knowledge 3&; QZp

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Based on modern Chinese grammar, it is an effective method to answer practical reading questions. For example, the importance of meaning, the scope of use, whether the collocation is appropriate, whether the emotional color meets the requirements, etc. mentioned in Chinese grammar can be used to assist reading. **h-

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Fifth, the method steps of reading expository text x3

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Step 1: Read the article b

1. Examine the topic t

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2. Clear your mind and analyze the relationship between paragraphs. L

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Step 2: Read the article r

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1. Grasp the explanatory object and its characteristics or essence H <; Kwn1

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