Escherichia coli, commonly known as Escherichia coli, belongs to Enterobacteriaceae and belongs to the genus Escherichia. It has strong anabolic ability and grows well on common culture medium containing inorganic salts, amine salts and glucose.

The optimum growth temperature is 37℃, and it can still grow at 42-44℃, and the growth temperature range is 15-46℃.

Growth on common nutrient agar showed three colony forms:

(1) Smooth type: The colony has neat edges, shiny, moist, smooth and gray surface, and is easy to disperse in normal saline.

(2) Rough type: the colony is flat, dry and irregular, and it is easy to solidify in normal saline.

(3) Mucous type: Generally, it is a strain with capsule.

This strain is facultative anaerobic and grows well under aerobic conditions. The optimum growth pH is 6.8-8.0, and the pH of the medium used is 7.0-7.5. When the pH value is lower than 6.0 or higher than 8.0, the growth is slow.