Hello! Morels belong to the Ascomycetes family and are wild fungi. Scientific and technological workers have been conducting artificial domestication and cultivation since the 1950s, but so far, the cultivation of morels is still in the domestication experimental stage. Many years ago, the cultivation of morels was reported in Guangdong and Sichuan, but after many years of practice, large-scale production has not been carried out. The technology is very immature, the yield is very low, there is no successful experience, and there is no economic benefit.
If you want to domesticate cultivation, try it out. Here are some methods for reference:
1. Cultivation material formula
(1) Crop straw powder 74.5 , bran 20, phosphate fertilizer 1, gypsum 1, lime 0.5, humus 3.
(2) Sawdust 75, bran 20, phosphate fertilizer 1, gypsum 1, humus 3.
(3) Cottonseed hulls 75, bran 20, gypsum 1, lime 1, humus 3.
(4) Corn cobs 40 (crushed), sawdust 20, beans Husk 15, bran 20, phosphate fertilizer 1, gypsum 1, sugar 1, plant ash 2.
2. Production and cultivation of bacterial bags
The material-to-water ratio of the above culture materials is 1:1.3. After mixing the materials, they are accumulated and fermented for 20 days, and the material temperature reaches a maximum of 60-65 ℃, the moisture content reaches about 60. Then it is bagged into plastic bags with a size of 17*33cm, and each bag is filled with 0.5-0.6kg. Sterilize under normal pressure for 10 hours at a temperature of 100°C. After cooling, the bacteria are inserted into both ends of the bag.
Cultivation: Cultivate for 30-35 days at a temperature of 20-22°C. If the mycelium can grow full of the bag, it is ready for cultivation.
3. Cultivation methods
(1) Indoor bag-free cultivation. The mushroom house can be cultivated after being disinfected with Bijishi brand chlorine dioxide disinfectant. First, lay a plastic sheet on each bed surface, put 3-4cm thick humus soil on it, pat it flat, take off the plastic bag, and arrange the bacteria sticks on the bed frame one by one. Each square meter of bed surface can be arranged 17 times. There are about 40 plastic fungus bags of cm x 33cm. After arranging the bacteria sticks, lightly spray water once, cover with 3 to 5 cm of soil in time, and cover the surface with 2 cm thick bamboo leaves or broadleaf tree leaves to keep the soil moist. Fruiting bodies can grow after 1 month. Mushrooms are best produced from March 10th to April 20th in the south, and mushrooms can be produced in solar greenhouses in the north from February to April.
(2) Outdoor bag-free cultivation. Choose a woodland with a lighting ratio of three parts sunshine and seven parts shade for the border. The border is 1m wide and 15-20cm deep. After finishing the border, spray water or lightly water once, and spray and disinfect with 5000 times of Bijishi brand chlorine dioxide disinfectant. The method of removing the bagged mushroom sticks and producing mushrooms is the same as that of indoor cultivation, and the mushroom bags are in direct contact with the soil. Pay attention to the temperature changes in the border. The temperature needs to be maintained between 12-22°C. Maintain scattered light conditions and prevent direct sunlight.
4. Management measures: Morels like moisture, and the growth environment must maintain a relative air humidity of 80-95. For outdoor cultivation, in winter, especially early spring, when there is more rain in the south and the temperature is suitable, the mycelium and fruiting bodies will grow well. If there is a drought in early spring, watering must be timely. In early spring, there are low temperatures of 4 to 16°C within a few weeks, which can stimulate the formation of morel fruiting bodies; if the temperature changes drastically at this time (lower than 4°C or higher than 16°C), it will affect the development of the fruiting bodies. If the relative humidity in a northern solar greenhouse is low, it should be watered to increase the air humidity. In short, maintaining suitable temperature and humidity conditions for morels in early spring is the key to successful cultivation.