① Crash when booting: when booting, you only hear the hard disk self-check sound but can't see the screen display, or you just beep when self-check but the computer doesn't work, or you get an error prompt when self-check.
② Crash when starting the computer operating system: the screen shows that the computer passed the self-test, but the computer crashed when loading the operating system;
(3) Some applications crash during use: the computer has been running well, and only crashes when executing some applications;
④ Crash when exiting the operating system: that is, crash when exiting Win98 and other systems or returning to DOS status. Because the system can't be diagnosed by software or tools in the "dead" state, it increases the difficulty of troubleshooting.
The general manifestations of the crash are: the system can't start, a black screen is displayed, "Solidification" is displayed, the keyboard can't be input, and the software operation is abnormally interrupted. There are probably thousands of reasons for Qian Qian's crash, but there are only two aspects: one is the computer hardware, and the other is the imperfect software design or conflict with the system and other running programs of the system. In terms of hardware, the culprit is the "overclocking" that is popular in the field of computer DIY recently-the CPU works at a clock frequency outside the rated working frequency, so it is not surprising that the CPU is overloaded. The second reason is that some hardware is overheated or hardware resources conflict. Of course, there are other hardware reasons. In terms of software, software-induced crashes account for almost the vast majority of computers (except overclocked computers). Windows9x series adopts 16-bit and 32-bit mixed kernel mode, which has low security and often crashes due to program memory conflicts. The following introduces the general inspection and handling methods after encountering the crash fault.
. First, eliminate the phenomenon of "false" system crashes.
1. First, eliminate the "false" collapse caused by power problems. Check whether the computer power supply is plugged in, whether the power socket is in good contact, whether the power plugs of the main external power supply equipment such as the host, monitor, printer, scanner, external modem and speaker are reliably plugged into the power socket, and whether the power switches of the above components are in the ON state.
2. Check the data between different parts of the computer, and check whether the control wiring is connected correctly and reliably, and whether there is looseness between plugs. In particular, the poor connection of the data line between the host and the monitor often leads to the false crash phenomenon of "black screen".
Second, eliminate the crash caused by virus infection. Boot the system with a non-toxic and clean system disk, and then run the latest versions of anti-virus software such as KILL, AV95 and SCAN to check the hard disk, so as to ensure the safety of the computer and eliminate the crash caused by the virus. In addition, if the virus crashes after anti-virus, it is mostly because the virus destroys system files, application programs and key data files, or the anti-virus software misoperates normal files while removing the virus, destroying the structure of normal files. If this problem occurs, you can only reinstall the damaged system or software.
Three, eliminate the software installation and configuration problems caused by the crash.
1. If it crashes during software installation, it may be that some configuration of the system conflicts with the installed software. These configurations include system BIOS settings and configuration. SYS and AUTOEXEC. Bat set, win. INI and system. INI settings, as well as some hardware drivers and memory resident program settings. You can try to modify the above settings. You can take the default settings of BIOS, such as "Load Settings Default" and "Load BIOS Default"; Used for configuration. SYS and AUTOEXEC. BAT, you can press F5 to skip the system CONFIGuration file at startup, or press F8 to select and execute step by step to modify the configuration in config. SYS and AUTOEXEC. BAT one by one (especially the configuration of EMS and XMS in EMM386) to judge where the hardware and installation program conflict. Some hardware drivers and memory resident programs can avoid conflicts by not loading them.
2. If the software crashes after installation, the installed program conflicts with the system. The general practice is to restore the configuration before the system installation, and then analyze the resources used by some newly installed installers and possible conflicts, and gradually eliminate the causes of the failure. Deleting the new installer is also one of the ways to solve the conflict.
4. According to the crash phenomenon during system startup, the crash phenomenon during system startup includes two situations: 1. Fatal crash, that is, the system self-check process is not completed, and the system does not give a prompt. According to the situation of fatal error list during power-on self-test, other methods can be combined to further analyze the cause of the fault.
2. Non-fatal crash, during or after self-inspection, but the system gives prompt information such as voice and text. It can be checked according to the non-fatal error code table during self-inspection and the error code table corresponding to the horn sound during self-inspection; The situation listed in the error code table corresponding to the horn sound during self-inspection is to focus on the parts that may fail, but we can't ignore the inspection of related parts, because quite a few failures are not directly caused by the parts indicated by the prompt information, but often caused by the failures of related parts.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) eliminates the phenomenon of crash caused by improper use and maintenance. After a period of use, especially after a long period of non-use, a computer may also crash due to improper use and maintenance. The reason for this is the following：
1. Dust causes system crash: Dust is the enemy of computer. Too much dust attached to the surface of CPU, chip and fan will lead to poor heat dissipation of these components, and dust on printed circuit board will often lead to short circuit in humid environment. Both of the above situations will lead to collapse. The specific treatment method can be to sweep away the dust with a brush, or to clean the dust collecting element with a cotton swab dipped in absolute alcohol. Be careful not to leave the hair and cotton of brushes and cotton swabs on circuit boards and components, which will become a new source of failure.
2. Parts get wet: If you don't use the computer for a long time, some parts will get wet and can't be used normally. Wet ingredients can be evenly "dried" by the low heat block of the hair dryer. Be careful not to heat a part of the part for too long, otherwise the temperature will be too high to avoid baking the part.
3. The pins of the board and chip are oxidized, resulting in poor contact: Pull out the board and chip, gently wipe the surface of the pins with an eraser, remove the oxide, and then plug them into the socket again.
4. The board card and peripheral interface are loose, resulting in a crash: carefully check whether the I/O slot is plugged in, whether the peripheral interface is in good contact, and whether the cable connection is normal.