Plant name thyme
The scientific name is thyme.
Alias thyme
Thymus, Labiatae.
Thyme is a semi-shrub with fragrant stems and leaves. Often used as reading glasses, flower beds, rock gardens, spice gardens or ground cover plants in the sunny place. It is very suitable as an edible condiment and has high medicinal value.
[Edit this paragraph] Morphology of Thyme
Thyme belongs to Labiatae, including about 350 kinds of perennial aromatic herbs. It is about 40 cm tall and grows in Europe, North Africa and Asia.
Generally, it is an evergreen plant, with narrow stems and opposite leaflets (4-20 mm long), which are entire and oval. The top of the flower is clustered; Calyx is irregular: three petals on the upper edge and split on the lower edge; Corolla tubular, 4- 10 mm long, white, pink or purple. Perennial herb, the seed germination time is 12-20 days, the maturity period is 90- 10 days, and the flowering period is summer.
[Edit this paragraph] The origin distribution of thyme.
North Africa, Europe and temperate Asia, China is mostly produced in the north of the Yellow River, especially in the northwest. The main producing areas are France, Spain, Mediterranean countries and Egypt in southern Europe.
[Edit this paragraph] Application of Thyme
Can be used for potted viewing; The aroma of the whole plant can be used as perfume or refined essential oil.
[Edit this paragraph] Thyme subspecies
Thyme
Thyme
Thyme
Thymus (thymus)
Camphor thyme
Thymus capitatum
Thymus capitis
Muscular thymus
Thymus capitatum
Thyme
Thyme ciliata
Thyme silesia
Thyme
Thyme
Thyme
Thyme
Thyme glabra
Thyme
Thyme hirsutum
Thyme
Thymus integer
Thyme villosum
Thyme
Thyme
Thyme
Thyme
Thymus membranaceus
Thyme
Thyme
Money thymus
Thyme
Thyme
Thyme
Thyme
Pseudowoolly thymus
Thyme
Thyme pentaphyllum
Rich thyme
Thyme
Thymic striatum
thymus
Chorionic thymus
Thyme (thyme. )
Thyme
[Edit this paragraph] Introduction of Thyme
Thyme is an aromatic herb growing in low altitude areas. Several plants of thyme, especially thyme native to the sea, are commonly used spices in European cooking, and have a spicy taste, which is used to add to stews, eggs or soups. It should be added as soon as possible to fully release the aroma. Traditionally, Europe regarded thyme as a symbol of courage, so it was often given to knights who went to war in the Middle Ages.
In China, thyme is called Dijiao, Dijiao, Jiao Shan, Jiao Shan and Thyme. , produced in northwest China. In the Complete Works of Household Necessities in Yuan Dynasty, it was recorded that thyme was added to camel hooves for seasoning. Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica records: "The taste is slightly pungent, and the natives eat boiled mutton, which is delicious." Thyme is native to southern Europe and is widely cultivated as a condiment for food. Baicaoxiang grows like a shrub, and each plant is about 20 cm tall.
[Edit this paragraph] The medicinal, edible and cosmetic value of thyme.
Improve digestive system and gynecological diseases, promote blood circulation, enhance immunity, relieve neuropathic pain, and resist bacteria. Help wound healing, treat eczema and blister skin. Activate brain cells, improve memory and attention, resist depression and relieve mental trauma. Very effective for dandruff and alopecia. Antibacterial, antispasmodic, anti-insect venom, sterilization, body shaping and scar promotion. Strengthen nerves and prevent nightmares.
Leaves can be used with all kinds of meat, fish and shellfish dishes. Making tea can help digestion, eliminate flatulence and relieve hangover. Adding honey to the infusion can treat spasmodic cough, cold and sore throat. Bathing also has a soothing and calming effect. The extracted essential oil has bactericidal effect, and can be added with freckle removing cream to repair aging skin. It can also be used as a material for making soap and mouthwash.
Thyme is not outstanding in appearance, but it is widely used. Thyme is helpful for digestion, hangover, antisepsis and diuresis. It is usually cooked with fresh or dry branches and leaves or soaked in herbal tea for drinking. Thyme tea can also relieve the headache caused by hangover, but the daily consumption of this spice plant should not exceed 65,438+00g, so as not to stimulate the human body too much. In addition, adding some branches and leaves to the water when taking a bath has a refreshing effect. If you don't like perfume plants with strong fragrance, I suggest you choose thyme with soft fragrance. Smelling its fragrance may make you feel like you are in heaven!
It is usually put in at the beginning of cooking. Thyme is especially suitable for fish and shellfish. It can be used when barbecuing white meat fish or salmon, or when stewing shellfish. The smell of dried thyme is about 40% less than that of fresh thyme, so when using dried thyme, it must be heavier.
Thyme is one of the most important edible herbs in the Mediterranean basin. In cooking, thyme is called "blending agent", which can blend foods with different tastes, because its taste is mild and not too irritating. Sprinkling thyme on roast lamb chops, grilled fish and roast chicken will greatly increase the layering and flavor of raw materials, and of course, it also has many medicinal values, such as refreshing and other outstanding effects.
[Edit this paragraph] Thyme essential oil
Utilization location
Flowers and leaves, the essential oil comes from distilled flowers and leaves, which is moderately yellowish brown with a little green, and is often used in men's perfume because of its strong herbal and pine oil flavor.
taste
Compared with other aromatic plants, it is much milder, quite sweet and has a strong herbal fragrance. Some poets even described it as a "paradise at dawn", and its plants are petite and exquisite. It is hard to imagine that it is a symbol of courage in the hearts of Europeans. Before going out to war, the ancient Romans would soak thyme in water, hoping to give them courage. This species is a poisonous plant included in the plant atlas database of China, and its toxicity is that the whole grass is not very toxic.
shape
Thymus of Labiatae is a perennial herb with short plant, about 20-50 cm high, and the whole plant is fragrant and slightly pungent. The lower part of the stem is prostrate, the upper part is erect, quadrangular, the leaves are opposite and multi-branched, long and narrow oval or lanceolate, about 0.7 cm long and 0.3 cm wide, gray-green, and the leaf margin is curved. It blooms in early summer with white and reddish flowers, with a diameter of 0.2 cm and terminal cymes. The seeds are small and round, about 1 g, about 6000. The common varieties in Taiwan Province Province are Thyme albiflora (erect type) and Thyme safflower (creeping type).
Historical usage record
Egyptians used it to preserve corpses, Romans used it to resist bacteria, Greeks used it to help digestion, and Mediterranean people used it to help breathing and treat dyspnea and stubborn skin diseases.
What you need to know in use
Do not use it for a long time. Do not use it in high concentration, sensitive skin, hypertension and pregnant women. Very strong essential oil, one of the strongest antibacterial agents, may be poisoned if used for a long time. Inhalation may be more suitable than massage or bathing, because it may irritate the skin and mucous membranes.
efficacy
Antibacterial, anti-rheumatic, antibacterial, spasmolytic, antiseptic, anti-insect, appetizing, aphrodisiac, sterilization, cough relieving, heart benefiting, flatulence relieving, scar promoting, diuresis promoting, menstruation dredging, hypertension raising, insect killing, stimulation, body building and insect expelling. Enhance immunity, activate brain cells, nosebleed, bronchitis, sore throat, expectorant, cold, pharyngolaryngitis, asthma, enhance lung function, stimulate appetite, cystitis, arthritis, baldness, dandruff, decompose pigment, resist cellulitis, papules, promote scar formation, promote wound healing, eczema, neurasthenia, sciatica, leucorrhea, etc.
Psychological curative effect
Strengthen nerves and activate brain cells, thus improving memory and attention. Enhance depression, fatigue and frustration. It is said that it can release the imprisoned mind and soothe the trauma of the mind.
Physiological efficacy
1. Stimulate the production of white blood cells and improve the human immune system. It can strengthen the lungs and is very helpful for bronchitis.
2. It can stimulate blood circulation and increase hypotension.
Skin curative effect
Tonifying scalp is very effective for dandruff and alopecia. Can make the wound, sore, eczema and furuncle recover as soon as possible.
Essential oil suitable for mixing with it
Bergamot, cedar, chamomile, juniper, lemon, rosemary, tea tree.
[Edit this paragraph] The cultivation techniques of thyme
cultivate
The cultivation environment should be full of light, otherwise the plants will grow in vain. The requirement for soil quality is not high, but it needs good drainage. Sphagnum or cultivated soil mixed with nacrite can be used. The optimum growth temperature is 20-25℃. In Taiwan Province Province, we should pay attention to the high temperature in summer. These plants can be trimmed slightly to facilitate ventilation and kept in a cool place in summer. Fertilization can be based on organic patches. When the growth is vigorous in spring and autumn, it should be diluted with Huabao 1000 times and watered every 7- 10 days. Plants are weak in summer, so it is best not to fertilize them. Branches and leaves can be cut off at any time before flowering, otherwise the plants will die easily after flowering and fruiting. If the harvest is large, it can be dried and preserved.
type
Thyme can be propagated by sowing, cutting, layering and rameting. Except in summer, it is very suitable for breeding in Taiwan Province Province. If seeds are used for reproduction, it is better to spread them because they are small. First, fully moisten the culture medium, and then spread the seeds evenly on it. When the leaves grow to 4-6, they can be moved to a smaller container (such as a hole planting tray), and then moved to a 3-inch pot for planting when the root system of the plant is well developed. When planting, 5- 10% organic patch can be added to the culture soil. Cutting can take terminal buds as cuttings, preferably with 3-5 nodes, but be careful not to take lignified branches, which have poor rooting ability.
[Edit this paragraph] Thyme related culture
Classic song Scarborough Fair
The episode of The Graduate, an American classic film sung by paul simon and art garfunkel, has been widely circulated so far. Its psychedelic melody and profound lyrics have become the most powerful weapon to attract people's attention. There are four kinds of aromatic plants in this song: parsley (coriander), sage (sage), rosemary (rosemary) and thyme (thyme). Since some people associated thyme with this song before Niufen edited this passage, I inherited the idea of "predecessors" and thought that thyme had something to do with "culture". But personally, Niu Fen thinks that it is far-fetched to connect thyme with culture through this song. There are many controversies about this song at home and abroad, and there are many things behind it. Isn't this what a thyme can explain and represent? However, the following fairy tales make people feel that thyme is more closely related to "culture", hehe. Thyme is only a very, very small part in this song. You can click on the link below to learn more about Scarborough Fair (/view/ 173356.htm).
What's even more ridiculous is that Niu Fen actually named this song "Hundred Miles" in this chapter before editing this chapter, and almost didn't let Niu Fen fall to the ground. It's terrible that such a famous song should have the name Thyme. I can only happily knock on the keyboard to edit. I can't help it I am an editor. I want to edit anything wrong. The lyrics are as follows, and the literal translation of Chinese lyrics will not be posted. Personally, I don't think this song is easy to translate. It's better to look at the original English version to understand the artistic conception. The only translation I think is online translation, which is in the Baidu Encyclopedia link above. The author is very powerful, and according to the format of the Book of Songs, he still feels a little artistic conception of the original lyrics. Moreover, Niufen personally thinks that the passage "Passiri Sage, Rosemary and Thyme" uses the technique of "Xing" in the Book of Songs.
Do you think it's appropriate for you to go to Scarborough Fair?
Coriander, Yu Xiang Zhi Passiri Sage, Rosemary and Thyme.
Another lady, your message, give it to someone who lives there for me.
She was my true love.
Tell her to make me a linen shirt.
Coriander, Yu Xiang Zhi Passiri Sage, Rosemary and Thyme.
Don't use an anvil, there are no gaps and no defects.
Where are the Iraqis? Comfort me. Then she will be my true love.
Backman:
On the hillside in the deep mountains and green,
Looking for winter carpets, old birds and swallows in the snow crown brown sparrow traces.
Snow covered the fields and the mountains were dull.
I fell asleep unconsciously, and the cold was crisp and hissed.
Tell her to find me an acre of land.
Coriander, Yu Xiang Zhi Passiri Sage, Rosemary and Thyme.
Built on fertile land, between the sea and the coast,
The Iraqi people should be there. Let me see each other. Then she will be my true love.
Backman:
One side of a mountain is covered with spring leaves, and the shade of another mountain is covered with moss.
Wash away my lonely grave, beads and tears gradually stained.
Cherish my sword, wipe a soldier cleaner and polish a gun every day.
Silent and unaware, the cold is long and hissing, which is the sleep of the horn.
Tell her to gain more.
Coriander, Yu Xiang Zhi Passiri Sage, Rosemary and Thyme.
Don't give up or lose what you have collected, collect them into a bunch of heather.
The Iraqi is still there, but I swear she will be my true love.
Backman:
The fire is roaring, and the bloody teacher is a war roaring in the bloody rain.
Generals have orders, and it is the duty of diligent kings to order their soldiers to kill and fight for a goal.
Why are you fighting? I have forgotten its purpose for a long time. They have long forgotten.
Ignorance, cold and sadness, sleeping, unaware of the sound of the horn
[Edit this paragraph] The Legend of Thyme
/kloc-A singing poet in the 6th century called the scent of thyme [Paradise at Dawn] because it smells fresh and charming, natural and comfortable, as pure and beautiful as heaven.
According to legend, thyme is related to Helen, the most enchanting and beautiful princess in Sparta, who triggered the famous historical war [Trojan War]. In Greek mythology, thyme is Helen's tears. Princess Helen is the daughter of Spartan queen Rita and Zeus. Because she is beautiful, there are countless princes and nobles pursuing her. In order to avoid everyone fighting for Helen, Helen's adoptive father, King Sparta, married her to Menelaus, the new king of Sparta, and became the queen of Sparta.
Soon after a calm day, the handsome Prince Paris of Troy came to Sparta. As soon as he saw Queen Helen, he was fascinated by her. He tried to get close to Helen and confided his love to her. Helen was also attracted by his handsomeness and fell in love with him unconsciously, so they met and fled to Troy. However, the two young people didn't know that this elopement led to the Trojan War for ten years.
When Troy finally perished and Paris died, Helen couldn't help shedding crystal tears and fell to the ground and became a hundred miles. The way tears gently fell on her face fascinated many Trojan soldiers and vowed to protect her. Therefore, since then, thyme has been endowed with a symbol of courage and vitality. Before a beloved soldier goes to war, a woman will send a hundred miles to convey her love and inspire her courage. Girls who are eager for spring embroider thyme patterns on their clothes, or wear thyme plants on their bodies, which means looking for lovers and waiting for suitors to show their love; A shy man can summon up courage to pursue what he loves as long as he drinks a cup of thyme tea.
According to the Beijing Times, on the advice of nine famous experts from China Academy of Sciences, BOCOG has decided that the flowers of the winners of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will contain pink thyme.
[Edit this paragraph] The flower language of thyme
Courage, like this flower, you are broad-minded, brave to face difficulties, and have strong self-esteem and will not give in easily. You believe that tomorrow will be better. You should analyze everything rationally and don't be blindly optimistic. Because of your strong self-esteem, your love will not be very intense, belonging to the type of rational communication. Implication of thyme: Besides its charming fragrance, thyme also has a romantic and beautiful implication-"good luck". The scarf that medieval European women gave to brave knights was tattooed with thyme, which meant to bless all peace.
About the first version of this legend:
There is a legend in ancient Greece that a girl who longs for love only needs to embroider thyme patterns on her clothes, or
Carrying a hundred miles with you means looking for a lover and waiting for the suitor to show his love.
A shy man can summon up courage to pursue what he loves by drinking a cup of thyme tea.
Version 2:
Also known as "the grace of Provence". In Greek mythology, Venus shed tears because she saw the cruelty of the Trojan War. Her tears fell into the earth and turned into lovely thyme leaves. Another way of saying it is that the tears of Helen in Troy gradually turned into thyme, which comes from Greece and means "courage". Senecio Senecio alias: Thyme, Dijiao, Di Jiang.
English name: Mongo 1ian thyme
Scientific name: cabbage.
Small subshrub of thymus in Labiatae. The height is 2 ~ 10 cm, and the stems are multi-branched, creeping or inclined. Leaves opposite, oval, 4 ~ 10 mm long. Cymes are dense, and the lip-shaped corolla is purple or pink. Nutlets are suborbicular. Small xerophytic shrub. Drought resistance, cold resistance and wind erosion resistance.
Born in grasslands, forest grasslands and valleys, gullies, roadsides, mountains and grasslands that are rare in desert grasslands.
In China, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi and Hebei; Mongolia, Russia and North Korea are also distributed.
Sheep and horses like to eat in the tender stage, but they don't eat when they are pregnant and mature, and then eat when they are yellow.
Murraya murraya (record of herb collection in Lingnan)
Alias names include Senecio scandens, Manshanxiang (essential medicinal materials), Vaccinium (biography of Zhongshan), Wulixiang (herbal medicine of Luchuan), Shuiwanqing (medical records of Nanning), Qilixiang (manual of pest control in patriotic health campaign), Guoshanxiang (Fujian Chinese herbal medicine) and Qianyan (Fujian herbal medicine).
The source is the branches and leaves of Rutaceae plant Murraya murraya.
Plant morphology Murraya murraya shrub or tree, the wood is extremely hard, 3 ~ 8 meters high, and the bald or tender part is puberulent.
Strange pinnate compound leaves; 8 ~13cm long, with alternate leaflets, 3 ~ 9 pieces, sometimes reduced to1; The lobules vary greatly, from oval, spoon-shaped, oval to nearly rhombic, with a length of 2 ~ 7 cm and a width of 1 ~ 3 cm. The apex is obtuse or obtuse, sometimes slightly concave, and the base is broadly cuneate or cuneate, sometimes slightly oblique, entire.
The umbel is short, terminal or born in the axil of the upper leaf, and usually has several flowers, which are white and extremely fragrant, and are 1.2 ~ 1.5 cm long; Calyx very small, 5-parted; Petals 5, divided and imbricate; Stamens 10, filaments weak; Ovary superior, 2-loculed, style weak, stigma capitate.
The fruit is ovoid or spherical, fleshy, red, 8 ~ 12 mm long, with sharp apex and 2 seeds1~.
Flowers bloom in autumn.
Born in Shan Ye, there are also cultivators.
Distributed in southern China.
The root of this plant is also used as medicine, which is described in another article.
This series can be collected all year round.
The stems of medicinal materials are thin and round, generally cut into 3 ~ 6 cm segments, and the maximum diameter is no more than 7 mm; The appearance is grayish yellow, with thin longitudinal stripes, and the cork falls off, exposing the flesh-colored xylem; The center of the section is light in color and hard in texture.
Dry leaves are leathery, ovoid or ovoid, about 2 ~ 7 cm long, 1 ~ 3 cm wide, yellow-green, wedge-shaped at the base, entire, with prominent main veins on the back.
Petiole is very short.
It smells good.
Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian.
Sexual taste ① "Essentials of Raw Medicinal Materials": pungent in taste and warm in nature.
② Fujian Chinese herbal medicines: pungent, bitter and warm.
Meridian tropism: entering the heart, liver and lungs.
Indications-Murraya murraya has the functions of promoting qi circulation and blood circulation, expelling wind and removing dampness, and has anesthetic and analgesic effects.
Treat abdominal pain, stomachache, rheumatic joint pain, toxic swelling, scabies, skin itching, traumatic pain, toothache, insect bite and snake bite.
① Essential medicinal materials: it can relieve pain, reduce swelling, detoxify, dredge orifices, heal sores and relieve itching, remove skin wind and kill scabies.
2 "Lingnan Materia Medica Collection": Suffering from phlegm, use a pinch of leaves, mash porridge, and take it with sugar.
③ Guangxi TCM records: activating qi to relieve pain, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis.
Treat traumatic swelling and pain, rheumatic gas pain.
Oral administration and dosage: decocted, 3 ~ 6 yuan; Or a diving suit.
External use: tamping.
The record of Guangxi traditional Chinese medicine should be avoided: those with yin deficiency and excessive fire should not be used.
Eczema prescription: fresh murraya branches and leaves, decoction, scrub the affected area.
(Fujian Chinese herbal medicine)
Clinical application is used for local anesthesia and surface anesthesia.
Murraya murraya injection was used as local anesthesia, and major and minor operations were performed 100 cases. The initial observation effect is stable, with no adverse reaction, stable blood pressure, pulse and breathing during and after operation, no liver and kidney damage or other complications, no bleeding, edema and necrosis. The analgesic time is long.
There were 49 cases of subtotal gastrectomy, except 2 cases with no obvious pain.
The disadvantage is that the local stimulation is large, and the abdominal muscles are tense during abdominal surgery, which is still difficult for deep surgery.
Dosage: 12.5% injection150 ~ 200ml (incision infiltration) and 6.25% injection150 ~ 200ml (visceral sealing) for subtotal gastrectomy; Minor operations range from tens of milliliters.
Anesthesia takes about 10 ~ 20 minutes after injection, and the longest operation time is 3 hours.
Minor surgery does not require preoperative drugs. Before subtotal gastrectomy, phenobarbital sodium 0. 1g or demerol 50 ~ 100 mg was injected into muscle. For patients with nervous tension, half or full hibernation ⅰ is added during operation.
A topical anesthetic made of murraya murraya was used to treat tonsillectomy 108 cases, and the effect was good.
After a few minutes of medication, there will be anesthesia and analgesia.
The anesthesia time can last about 65438 00 minutes.
Preparation: Take 65438±0kg of murraya murraya leaves, wash them, crush them, add 65438 000 ml of Sanhua wine or 50% alcohol, soak them for 24 hours, and then filter them for later use.