The functions of hawthorn leaves are: clearing heat, detoxifying, and lowering blood pressure. It is mainly used to relieve itching, reduce sores, and lower blood pressure. Mainly used for paint sores, ulcers that are not astringent, and hypertension. Pharmacological effects 1. Effects on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems: Hawthorn leaf polymerized flavonoids, administered once or multiple times, can resist acute myocardial ischemia induced by pituitary hormone in rabbits and reduce the scope of myocardial infarction. Hawthorn leaf extract (0.1g/ml) intravenously injected at 0.4-8ml/kg can significantly reduce or restore the S. Heart rate slows. Vitexin rhamnose II 20ml/kg can significantly reduce the myocardial oxygen consumption of the dog's situ heart, and has a synergistic effect with hyperin and the like. Administration of hawthorn leaf water extract to rats can significantly reduce serum creatine phosphate kinase (CPK) levels and myocardial infarct size in rats with coronary artery ligation. 20 When hawthorn extract is injected into the jugular vein for 5-7 minutes, the cerebral vascular resistance decreases by 1.064-10.91kp/a (8-82mmHg). 2. Effects on the coagulation system. Hawthorn leaves can significantly inhibit rabbit platelet aggregation induced by collagen or ADP both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the specific viscosity of whole blood decreased significantly after intravenous injection of hawthorn leaf preparation for 30 minutes. 3． Hypolipidemia-lowering effect: Hawthorn leaves have a very significant reducing effect on cholesterolemia in mice with rapid formation of egg yolk emulsion. 4. Hypoxia resistance: Hawthorn leaf, like propranolol, can significantly prolong the survival time of mice in hypobaric hypoxia or normal pressure hypoxia experiments, which is consistent with its effect of significantly reducing the overall oxygen consumption of mice. 5. Diuretic effect: Hawthorn leaf extract has an obvious diuretic effect. After administration to rabbits, the urine output increased by 44.2% for 60 minutes, 53.9% for 90min, and 63.7% for 120min compared with before administration, indicating that its diuretic effect is mild, slow and long-lasting, and hawthorn leaves It has less effect on electrolytes when diuretic. 6． Toxicity ① Acute toxicity test: Mice were fed hawthorn leaf total flavonoids at 7.7 mg/kg, 3.8 mg/kg, and 1.9 mg/kg. There was no significant difference in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the control group. No toxic pathological changes were found in the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, brain, and intestines. ②Three experiments: 50 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg of total flavonoids from hawthorn leaves were administered to pregnant rats once a day and checked every 20 days. No effects on fertilized female rats, their pregnancy rate, and live fetus rate were found. Have adverse effects. Mice were fed 750 mg/kg, 1500 mg/kg, and 3000 mg/kg once a day for 5 consecutive days. Salmonella/mammalian nuclear tests were all within the normal range, and the aberrant cell rate (chromosomal aberration of bone marrow cells) was negative. There were no significant differences between the control groups.