Ming Chenghua seven years (1471) to lead the township recommendation, for the Eup Zhusheng. He was a learned and talented scholar, but his destiny was ill-fated, and he had a poor career, failing in many attempts, before he was finally admitted to the Nanjing State Tertiary Education Center as a tertiary student, so he was also called "Wang Gongshi" and "Wang Taixue". He studied under Cai Yu, who was as famous as Wen Zhengming, but was able to surpass him. He was a master of poetry and calligraphy in seal script, official script, running script, and regular script, and also excelled in seal carving and landscape painting. His poetry and writings were highly acclaimed at the time, and he was especially famous for his calligraphy. He learned the regular script from Yu Shinan and Zhiyong, and the running script from Wang Xianzhi. In his later years, he developed his own style, which was clumsy and skillful, graceful and elegant, and sparse and elegant. The pursuit of a sparse, elegant and clumsy flavor, to rhyme write clumsy, and "clumsy to see the show", "clumsy to see the elegant". The lower case is especially clear, simple and far away from the spirit, after Wen Zhengming pushed the first name. Wang Shizhen, a famous book critic, in the trek of Ten Books of Regular Scripts of the Three Wu Regular Scripts, believed that his book, "Qin Manipulation," "both the correct style of the line, the attitude of ancient elegance, the style of Thuyi, the so-called big and clever, the top of the calligraphers also." He made landscapes, birds and flowers at will, and the characters were very similar to those of the Southern Song Dynasty; he used green and green for landscapes, and was especially fond of making hooks for bamboo rabbits and cranes and deer. He was a loose and unruly man, with the style of Mi Fu and Guo Zhongshu, but more than that, he was bold. The nature of the clever, I have seen silver workers make ware effect, that is, out of its right. He Liangjun "four friends Zhai calligraphy" commented on his calligraphy: "after Hengshan, when the calligraphy to Wang Yayi for the first. His book in the great order, and the character of the high and open, change the charm of the supernatural, very much out of the people on." He wrote "Thousand Character Classic" in ink on paper in cursive script. This Thousand Character Essay, where 104 lines, the number of characters per line varies, ****1015 characters. Vertical 28 centimeters, horizontal 463.6 centimeters. In the collection of the National Palace Museum, Taipei (recorded in the Records of Calligraphy and Painting in the Treasure House). This "Thousand Character Essay" has a smooth style, with little variation in pitch and interjection, which gives a glimpse of the trajectory of his masters, Wang Xianzhi and Yu Shinan. This post has the style of the Wangs' father and son in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the elegant and elegant posture, and the air of Yu Shinan in the early Tang Dynasty, the softness of the exterior and the rigidity of the interior. From the point of view of the pen, its cursive breath and calm, clean, meticulous, heavy brushwork, wash, very few strokes between the pen and silk, the word independent, not connected to each other. The calligraphy is elegant, plain, generous, and rigorous. At that time, he was known as one of the three Wu family members, together with Zhu Yunming and Wen Zhengming, and together with the rising star Chen Daofu, he was also known as the four Wu family members. Later, he was banished to the border and soon returned. In his later years, he admired a prostitute, and tried to weave a brocade skirt, calcined gold ring to give it to her, and it was like a ghost work. The prostitute was very happy, and then hostage with the club to follow.
Ming Jiajing twelve years (1533), died at the age of 39. There are a lot of books in circulation, mainly "Drunken Master's Record of Events", "the Pavilion Preface", "Red Cliff Fugue", etc., and there are "Yayi Shanren Collection", regular script "Xin Si Book of Poems", "Miscellaneous Poetry Volume", "Thousand Character Essay", "Nineteen Ancient Poetry", "Li Bai's Ancient Poetry Volume", "Shihu Eight Absolute Sentences Volume", and "Touring Baoshan Collection", etc., which have been circulated.
Wang Pet Collected Character Couplets
〖Wang Pet Collected Character Post〗
Wang Pet Cursive Collected Character Couplets, Chinese Couplets Collected Character Post. "Collection of character posters" with various types of calligraphy, each school of calligraphy style in one, so that learners can get in a short period of time copying and creation of the double harvest, improve the interest in calligraphy learning. Shanghai painting and calligraphy publishing house published to regular, official, line, cursive and other styles of calligraphy based on the "Chinese couplets set word posters," the first and second series, and then launched the third series of this series **** 8 kinds. This set of posters pay attention to the original post style or the booker's style of the temperament to grasp, in the tablets turned into ink, dots and paintings edge trimming, the head of the inter-frame grouping and other details to strive for a proper natural, just right, at the same time on each pair of couplets of the body of the potential echo, chapter layout as far as possible to do the unity of the changes in the book, and strive to provide readers with more, and better learning book references. Based on the Ming Dynasty Wang Favor cursive script, the main tablets and posters used to set the characters include "Xiyuan Poetry Scroll", "Touring Baoshan Poetry Scroll", "Cursive Poetry Album", and "Li Bai Poetry Scroll".
1, four-character couplets
Spring returns to the earth; the country is strong and the people are rich; flowers bloom and prosper; cymbidium orchids flourish; the people are healthy and things are prosperous;
Blessings fill the earth. The government is in harmony with the people. Bamboo is a blessing of peace and prosperity. Peach and Plum. The life of the people is abundant.
We are seeking the old; we are a family of poets and scholars; we have the same life in heaven and earth; we are a country of articles; we have a great deal of tolerance;
We are learning to know the new. The family of etiquette and music. The sun and the moon shine together. The family of poetry and etiquette. The public is the public without self.
2, five-character couplets
Long smile to the high willow; long to raise the spirit of the vast nature; from the ancient meaning; to get the clear air of the landscape; the high mind with the sky and moon;
Chastity of the heart than the ancient pines. Quietly look at the book without words. I can give a new poem. Extremely large view of heaven and earth. Elegant amount of spring breeze.
Orchid Path incense wind far away; establish moral integrity today and in the past; bright moon and pine asked to shine; bright moon a pot of wine; ink research clear dew moon;
Pine window night and moonlight. The book will be taught to the children and grandchildren. The clear spring flows over the stone. The wind is blowing, and there are ten thousand scrolls of books in the air. The piano is in the fall of the blue sky.
Sitting on a stone couch, watching the clouds, enjoying the mountains and forests in the room, living in the house of Mr. Tao, the pine and chrysanthemums, enjoying the study, swallowing the ink from the fish in the ink stone,
Listening to the rain in the window of the stream, sleeping in the rain, the spring in the sky and the earth. The world is in a state of spring. The poet and the scholar are neighbors of Mencius. The world's most important thing is to have a good time, and to have a good time. The tea is made by a crane to avoid the smoke.
The name of a man is established by his behavior; he cultivates his body like a jade; the universe is quiet; the crane lives for a thousand years; he chooses to be benevolent;
The heart is at peace when he has a good sense of reason. The virtue is better than the gold. The mountains and forests are full of people. The pines are in the spring of time. The virtue of living in peace is a neighbor.
Drunkenly talking about the world's affairs;
Laughing at the books of the ancients.
3, six-character couplet
White horse autumn wind on the Seychelles; put your mind outside of heaven and earth; autumn rain sycamore courtyard; study will be put to use;
apricot blossoms and spring rains in the south of the Yangtze River. The spring wind and the peach and plum gardens. Spring breeze, peach and plum gates. The study of the noble in the false heart.
Ya to the history of history for fun; bamboo rain pine wind Wu Yue;
Times have the mountain Ze of thought. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular books in the world.
4, seven-character couplets
Century-old couple today; half a couch tea smoke after the spring rain; the moon service blue yarn spring tune; the family has the way to save thick;
a good relationship this day. The first time I saw the flowers in the small hedge was in the late afternoon. The red sleeves and the fragrance of the red sleeves, the night reading. The world is not a strange place, but it is a place of truth.
The spring breeze is so elegant that it can tolerate things; the spring returns to the earth and thousands of mountains are beautiful; there are thousands of poems in the high mountains and flowing water; the cinnamon and orchids are cozy together;
The autumn water is untainted by dust. The sun shines on all the trees in China. The moon is clear and the wine is clear. The pines and cypresses have been celebrating their longevity for many years.
Throwing on Guizhao, I will play three hundred songs; the sea is the shore of the sky; I will read a good book; I will hold my head in the air;
The plum blossom will live for a thousand years. The most important thing to remember is that I am the peak of the mountain. I'll be the best in the world, and I'll be the best in the world. I'll be a child's cow with my head bowed down.
Floral trees and trees in a court of law are blessed with spring air; the spring color in front of the steps is as thick as this; the brocade bag has a good title for a new painting; the heart of the soul reflects the water of the three rivers;
Ten thousand volumes of books are the only thing that is ancient and joyful. The stone tripod tea fragrance reading different books. The colorful texture is lightly stacked with five-color clouds.
Fallen flowers fill the inkstone; ink pools and smoke show among the flowers; the green mountains do not ink a thousand paintings; I advise you to drink a cup of wine;
The swallow returns to the window and rolls the curtains in a hurry. The green water has no strings. I'm not going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it," he said.
Birds fly from the mountains; business is as beautiful as spring; business is prosperous all over the world; water can be our friend;
Spring flowers are blown down and blown away.
Business is as beautiful as the spring. The most important thing to remember is that you have a lot of money to spend on your business. I am a teacher of the bamboo.
The rain in front of the court Dongpo bamboo; Miles of rivers and mountains spring volatile; ten thousand trees green when the mountain quiet place; but the great hero can be this color;
The pool on the breeze Mao Shu lotus. The day of the cloud brocade day glory. The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money to pay for the services you need. I'm not going to be able to get a good look at it, but I'm going to be able to get a good look at it.
Leisurely from the world look at the present and the past; the wise man's heart is as empty as a valley; the well-off years of the family blessing; Yaochi peach ripe three thousand years;
Lazy to the earth to ask the right and wrong. The saint's breath is as quiet as an orchid. The spring is everywhere in the mountains and rivers. The sea house has been raised to add eight hundred springs.
Another year, the grass is green; the world does not talk about the shortcomings of people; the pillow is a good place for poetry and books; the pearl curtains are rolled in the evening and the rain falls on the western mountains;
Still ten miles of apricot blossoms are red. The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do this. The landscape in front of the door is good in the evening. The first thing I'd like to do is to get the best out of the world.
Self-picked dew buds cooking white snow;
And folded frost lemon dip jade spirits.
5, eight-character couplet
Jinshi its heart, Zhilan its room; Autumn moon shines, spring breeze sits in me; Getting quiet in the mountains, sent in the water;
Jinyi as a friend, morality as a teacher. The green mountain is the household, the white cloud is over the court. I'm not sure if I'll be able to do that, but I'm sure I'll be able to do it.
Like an orchid, like a pine in full bloom; the left wall to see the map, the right wall to see the history;
Yu Yu Bide, is the ice of its clear. The world's most important thing is to learn from the Buddha without wine, and to learn from the immortals with wine.
Wang Chou's poem
Literal poetry is one kind of Chinese poetry. It has a strict meter. It originated from the new style poems of the Southern Dynasty, such as Shen Yao, who paid attention to the sound of rhythm and couplets, and was formally finalized in the early Tang Dynasty by Shen Nephew and Song Zhiwen, and matured in the Sheng Tang Dynasty. Rhythmic poetry requires the number of words in a poem to be neatly organized, with each poem consisting of five, six, and seven lines, or pentameter, hexameter, and heptameter for short, of which hexameter is less common. Usually, a poem in metered form has eight lines per line. If there are only six stanzas, it is called a minor or three-rhyme poem; if there are more than eight stanzas, i.e., more than 10 stanzas, it is called a long or a row of stanzas. Usually, for a poem with 8 lines, every 2 lines form a couplet, counting 4 couplets, and it is customary to call the 1st couplet as the title, the 2nd couplet as the jaw couplet, the 3rd couplet as the neck couplet, and the 4th couplet as the concluding line. The first two lines of each song (i.e., the third line and the neck line) must be couplets. In addition to the first and last two couplets, the middle couplets must be in pairs. The requirements for couplets are wider in the minor rhythms. The first line of a stanza should rhyme with the first line of the stanza, but the first line can rhyme or not, and the words used in each stanza of a stanza are in between. In each stanza of a stanza, there are two types of characters: "oblique" and "flat".
These are the first time that a poem has been written in the Tang Dynasty, and the first time that a poem has been written in the Tang Dynasty.
Tang Dynasty poems in the process of stereotyping and stereotypes, there are variations, some poems do not follow the format of writing, such as Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower", that is, the first half of the first half of the ancient style of style, the second half of the second half of the first half of the first half of the first half to fit the law. This kind of variation is known as "argot" (拗体).
Seven lines is the short form of a seven-line poem. Each poem consists of 8 lines, each line has 7 characters, ****56 characters. Generally, the even lines are rhymed with plain rhymes (the first line can be rhymed or not), and the rhymes are not changed in the middle of the poem. Each of the four lines of a stanza has a specific name: the first line is called the first line, the second line is called the third line, the third line is called the neck line, and the fourth line is called the last line. According to the rules, the first and last lines may or may not be paired, while the second and third lines must be paired. The flatness of the flatness of the flatness of the narrowness of the narrowness of the narrowness of the narrowness of the flatness.
No matter how much the poem changes, it is not out of these four basic sentence patterns. There is a pattern in these patterns, which is that they are always reversed: the fourth word is the opposite of the second word, and the sixth word is the opposite of the fourth word, and this creates a sense of rhythm. However, the singles may or may not be reversed, because the stress falls on the even-numbered syllables, and the odd-numbered syllables are relatively unimportant. When people write poems, it is difficult for them to make every line conform to the basic sentence pattern; it may be possible to do so when writing a stanza, but it is almost impossible to do so when writing an eight-stanza poem or even a longer stanza. How can we adapt? By sacrificing the less important single digits and keeping the more important double digits and the most important last word. Therefore, there is a motto called "one, three, five, no matter, two, four, six clear", that is to say, the first, three, five (only refers to the seven words) of the words can be handled in a flexible manner, while the second, four, six and the last word of the level and tilt of the words must be strictly adhered to. This dictum is not entirely accurate; in some cases the first, third, and fifth must be theorized, and the second, fourth, and sixth may not be distinct in a given sentence pattern, which we will talk about later, but let's start by looking at how a complete poem can be constructed from these basic sentence patterns. ⊙The first time I saw the gulls, I saw the gulls come back day after day," he said. ⊙The first is that the first time I saw the gulls, I saw them coming day after day," he said. ⊙The first thing I'd like to do is to get out of the way of the government, and then I'd like to get out of the way of the government, and then I'd like to get out of the way of the government. ⊙The first thing I'd like to do is to ask you to take a look at the newest and most important thing you can find in the world, and I'd like to tell you that I'm not going to be able to do that. ⊙The first thing that I want to do is to make sure that I have a good understanding of what I'm doing and what I'm doing. ⊙The first thing I want to do is to make sure that I have a good understanding of what I am talking about, and I want to make sure that I have a good understanding of what I am talking about. ⊙The first is that the first time I saw a man in a house, I was able to get him to come back to the house, and I was able to get him to come back to the house, and I was able to get him to come back to the house, and I was able to get him to come back to the house, and I was able to get him to come back to the house, and I was able to get him to come back to the house, and I was able to get him to come back to the house, and I was able to get him to come back to the house. ⊙I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that, but I'm sure I'll be able to do it, and I'm sure I'll be able to do it. ⊙The most important thing is that we are not able to take away our bones by the side of the miasmatic river. >Zhuge's great name is in the universe, ⊙仄⊙平⊙仄仄仄 The winds are fast, the sky is high, and the apes are wailing, ⊙仄平⊙仄平⊙仄平(韵)
宗臣遗像肃清高。 ⊙The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it. ⊙The first is that the first is the first to be a member of the National Assembly, and the second is the first to be a member of the National Assembly, and the third is the first to be a member of the National Assembly. ⊙The first is that the first is the first to be a part of the world's largest and most important city, and the second is a part of the world's largest city. ⊙The first is that the first is the first to be a member of the family, and the second is the first to be a member of the family, and the third is the first to be a member of the family, and the fourth is the first to be a member of the family. ⊙The most important thing to remember is the fact that you are not the only one who is sick. ⊙The first is that the Chinese government will not be able to recover the throne of the Han Dynasty, and it will be difficult to recover the throne of the Han Dynasty. ⊙The first time I saw this was when I was a young man, and it was a long time ago that I was a young man, and it was a long time ago that I was a young man.
Tang Du Fu's poem "Five Rhymes - Winged Memories of Ancient Monuments" -- Tang Du Fu's poem "Five Rhymes - Ascending to a High Place"
The cable and the mast traveled for 10,000 miles,
The sky, the sea and the sea were like a boat of the king.
The seven saints of Xiangcheng have lost their way, and the weak water of the three mountains has not yet flowed steadily. （
The winds and clouds in the northern part of the city are even in the desert, and the battle-axe in the southern part of the city has been used by the feudal lords. （
The two capitals are in a different situation,
and the nine states are still in the center of the city.
--Seven Litanies - Nandu
Nanji Qingqiu kills far away,
Fusang copper pillar peaks high standard.
The wind is saddened by the paintings of the horns of the mountains, and the clouds are going to Cangwu to shake the bucket. (Under)
It is remembered that the suburbs to meet the virtual jade chariot, (Neck)
It is sad that the border guards drunken golden sable. （
The Yellow River and the White Grass are going by,
The Horses are coming out to shoot the eagles.
--"Autumn Day" poem couplet
The phoenix pipe and the dragon pipe are clear and sad,
South Xu and North Ku are curving around each other.
The Sea Gate points directly to the three elephants, (upper part of the first line)
The sun rides on its rounds, forcing the nine doubts. （
There is no news of Changqing's counseling and hunting,
and I am disappointed to see the river and lake and have some thoughts about it.
--"Two Autumn Memories in Seven Choruses, One of Two"
Infinite winds and dusts have not yet ceased,
Miserable and clear Jianghan Zhongxuanlou.
The swan in the sky finally quits the net (top of the first line)
The fish and dragons in the trekking waves are precariously burdened with boats. （
Huangzhu Lingling connects Chuze, (Neckline)
White cloud Ran Ran connects Zhaoqiu. （
The golden carriage and jade seat have been in existence for a thousand years,
and the ancient imperial state of Jingyang has been a source of hatred.
--Seven Litanies: Two Autumn Memories and Two Poems
Juyong Jieshi controls the gate of Hu, and
Yuji is honored by the North Pole.
The Pavilion Road winds its way through Haidai, (top of the first line)
The Heavenly River is hidden in the mountain Kunlun. （
It is not a waste of time to lay down the tripods for the purpose of divining the countryside,
The sacrificial spirit of ten thousand years will protect the grandchildren of the people.
-"Seven lines - Xin Si Book Affairs four of the first" poem couplet
Tailing pines and cypresses five clouds high,
goodbye Ji Kang hold red knife.
Nandou Longwen occupies the king's air, (top of the first line)
The Central Plains has embraced banners on the road. （
Hongzhi's famous ministers are in the sky,
Yuan Gong should be counted in the old Xiao Cao.
-"Seven lines: Four and a half of the Xinsi Book Affairs"
Turtle food genggeng summer enlightenment,
Dragon face day angle reflect Fusang.
Nine dynasties of Wan Yan Diem and Chen Dong Xu, (top of the third line)
Ten thousands of countries and rivers to fulfill their duties. （
The first thing to do is to pass on the treasure of the Taoist priests, and the second thing to do is to look at the heavenly horses and the silver décor. （
Xuan Yu, Hong Jun,
The head of the Canghai Sea is looking at the eight wastelands.
--The Four Songs and Three Poems of the Xin Si Book Affairs
The inner ministers always put in the sables,
The tiger ben silk carriages are carried by light carriages.
Ercao's meat and food are not to be relied upon, (upper line)
The world's army is half withered. （
The snow and winds return to the Purple Pole, and the bronze camels and golden horses are in the sky. (Neckline)
The 10,000-year calendar is more than three and a half years old,
The efforts of the kui dragons are ready for Emperor Yao.
-- "Seven lines - four of four of the Xinsi Book Affairs"
The brocade stone sparse flowers summer air clear,
Cui Yan Dan Gully summer clouds.
It has been added to the language between the beams of the petrels, and (in the first line of the third line)
It has been seen that the sails of the lakes are traveling in the mirrors. （
The winds and the strings of the four walls are blowing, and the woven bamboo mats are brightly woven in the thousands of forests. （
It reminds me of the king's carriage,
and makes me feel that the western mountains are even more refreshing.
-"Seven rhymes - summer grassy knoll remove windows set up woven mat a few breeze hole Yue rattan and bamboo cross shade leisurely have to make" poem link
Shan Tian eminent bitter sand,
Learn to plant the five-color melons of the Dongling.
The streams of the mountain are pierced by stone and stone, (top of the third line)
Plugging in the hedges, I love the vine and bamboo flowers. (Neckline)
There is nothing I can do for long days without plowing,
only the horn of the ox hangs in South China.
--"Seven lines: Planting melons under Hengshan Mountain"
Wang Favored to compose and respond to the couplet
February warbler flower, the sound and color of it moves people's ears and eyes; (Wang Favored)
Nine Autumn toad and laurel, the shadow of the fragrance of it attracts my body and mind. (Wen Hengshan)
--Wen Hengshan responded to Wang Favors
China is the hometown of osmanthus, not only planted all over the osmanthus, but also in the Lianyuan there are a lot of couplets related to osmanthus. In this autumn season, if you can taste the osmanthus and osmanthus-related couplets, it adds to the interest of osmanthus. Ming Dynasty, there are two literati, one called Wang Favored, another called Wen Hengshan, two people often make couplets to entertain each other. Once the two went out to enjoy the scenery, Wang favor offhandedly recited a couplet, at which time Wen Hengshan responded to the renewal of the next couplet. The first line was written in front of the beauty of the warbler flowers, the second line was written in the moon osmanthus shadow, the upper and lower lines were colorful, vivid, and interesting to each other.
Small and big by the way, synthesized into the two words of Jian Di; (Wang Favored)
Thousands of miles to see the king, put together to reappear in two articles. (Wen Hengshan)
--Wen Hengshan's response to Wang Chong
Wen Hengshan and Wang Chong were discussing the use of rituals, but Wang Chong interpreted the phrase "small and big by the way" in a playful way and came up with this couplet, to which Wen Hengshan replied. The first sentence is a chance acquisition. It is difficult to match the sentence. It is a good idea for Hengshan to come up with the sentence "A thousand miles to see the king".
Appendix: Anecdotes of Wang Favors
〖Wu Men School of Calligraphy〗
Wang Shizhen, the leader of the "Seven Sons of the Posterior" in the Ming Dynasty, and a famous writer and historian, said: "Calligraphy in the world belongs to us, Wu", and his so-called "Wu" means "Wu", which is the name of a famous writer and historian, and he also said: "The calligraphy of the world belongs to us, Wu". The so-called "Wu" that is, today's Suzhou's nickname, "Wu" is also known as "Wu County", "three Wu", "Wuzhong" and "Wuzhong". "Wuzhong" "Gusu" and so on. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Suzhou saw the emergence of the Wumen School of Calligraphy, represented by Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming, Chen Chun, and Wang Favored, which is called the "Four Schools of Wumen" in the history of calligraphy, and at the same time the formation of the Wumen School of Calligraphy, represented by Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin, and Qiu Ying, and the Wumen School of Painting, represented by Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin, and Qiu Ying. At the same time, the formation of "Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin, Qiu Ying," represented by the Wumen School of painting, these groups of painters and calligraphers gathered in Suzhou prevailed for a while to become the mainstream of the development of calligraphy in the mid-Ming Dynasty and will be represented by the Beijing Palace Calligraphers to the center of the calligraphy world to the south of the Yangtze River. Suzhou group of painters and calligraphers appeared, is not an isolated phenomenon, he is the inevitable product of the contemporary economic and cultural development of suzhou, has a deep-rooted background of the times. "Cui-Sleeve 3,000 upstairs and downstairs, gold millions of water west and east, five more market purchase has been extinct, the four far dialects are always different," this is Tang Bohu had depicted the scene of the Gate of Heaven at that time, which is indeed the actual record of the development of the economy of Suzhou at that time. In a short period of seventy years from Emperor Taizong to Emperor Xuanzong, promulgated a large number of policies conducive to economic development, such as through the return of farmers to the plow, promoting the improvement of agricultural productivity and the development of handicrafts, industry and commerce. Hongzhi ten years in Taicang state, the establishment of coastal ports, so that the center of overseas trade from Yangzhou down to Taicang Songjiang area, and for the development of foreign trade and economic development of Suzhou created conditions. By the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Suzhou began to transform from an agricultural city to an industrial and commercial city. Appeared the earliest bud of capitalist relations of production, "Ming Shenzong Wanli real record" said: "machine households to fund, machine workers to contribute", "dyeing room strike and dyeing workers scattered thousands of people, this is all from their own strength of the good people also", Suzhou jumped into the country's economic town. Wang Ao edited "Gusu Zhi" also described the economic status of Suzhou as follows: "Today, the following wealth in the southeast, and Su for the A". Economic prosperity prompted merchants and businessmen from all over the country to gather here, and they bought land and built gardens. Material affluence stimulated their spiritual and cultural needs, so calligraphy and painting have a market, in order to decorate their exquisite garden at any price to hire calligraphy famous hand writing plaques and writing joints or buy calligraphy and painting works. According to records, seek Shen Zhou book "full of outdoor", seek Wen Zhengming calligraphy and painting also "one after another in the road, the household track is always full", this kind of calligraphy and painting, creating a large number of calligraphy and painting.
Tracing back to the Song and Yuan dynasties, the area around Taihu Lake was a gathering place for literati calligraphers and painters. Zhao Mengfu, Zhang Yu, Huang Gongwang, Ni Zan, Wu Zhen, Wang Meng, Yang Weizhen and so on were all active here. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang led the peasants to Zhaoyi, so the imperial power collapsed, and military groups from all over the world divided their territories. Zhang Shicheng was in Wu, due to Zhang's elegant calligraphy and painting, courtesy of the literati, and thus "the southeast to avoid the soldiers in Wu Yi yan", Hangzhou generation of literati calligraphy and painters have moved to the Taihu Lake area, the center of culture from Hangzhou moved to Suzhou area, the end of the Yuan Dynasty, a special cultural phenomenon "reclusive group of writers". A special cultural phenomenon emerged at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the "group of reclusive calligraphers". In the early Ming Dynasty, most of the calligraphers who jumped onto the calligraphy scene were their disciples and re-disciples, laying the foundation of a deep calligraphy and painting tradition in the Suzhou and Hangzhou area. After Ming-Chengzu moved the capital to Beijing, the ruling center was moved from Nanjing to Beijing, as the southern capital of Nanjing, despite the existence of a set of political institutions, but in vain, in addition, after the Yongle, the contradictions of the ruling class, the struggle to intensify, such as the "Tumulus", "Gengwu mutiny", etc., internal struggle for power made the court for a long time, and the court was not satisfied with the situation, and the ruling class was not satisfied with the situation. In addition, the ruling class conflicts, struggles intensified, such as the "Tumu change", "Gengwu change", etc., internal struggle for power to make the court for the literati in the south of the Yangtze River in Suzhou, the clamp gradually relaxed, the literati painting and calligraphy atmosphere is not as depressing as the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, and become free and active. Suzhou's economic prosperity, rich cultural deposits and relaxed political atmosphere, from the internal and external for the formation of the Wu school of calligraphy to create the conditions, the soil is fertile, the fruit will be fruitful. After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, calligraphy gradually get rid of the layers of fog, embarked on a healthy development of the road to Suzhou as the center of the Southern Jiangsu appeared Xu Youzhen, Li Yingzhen, Shen Zhou, Wu Kuan, Wang Ao and a large number of calligraphers with the spirit of exploration, can set aside the previous generation of the barriers to the leaves of the calligrapher, up to Tang and Song Dynasty, far from Wei and Jin Dynasty, exploring the exploration of the rooster such as ringing through the great wilderness of the song, awakened the silence of the calligraphy world, and even more Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming, Chen Chun, Wang Favors, basically established the pattern of the Wu School of Calligraphy.
In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, calligraphy was most prevalent in the Wu family, and the Wu family of calligraphers was represented by Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming, Wang Favour, and Chen Chun. This statement is mainly based on Wang Shizhen's theory: "the world's calligraphy to our Wu, and Zhu Jingzhao Yunming for the most, Wen to be Zhao Zhengming, Wang Gongshi favor the second ...... three gentlemen, there are Chen Chun Road to resume ...... "Among the four families, Zhu, Wen seniority is higher, of which Zhu Yunming older, its calligraphy to be known as the first of the middle of the Ming Dynasty, so with the Wen's classification of the first, to no objection. However, looking at Wang Chong and Chen Chun, the former is 10 years younger than the latter, and died young at the age of 40, but is listed as the third after Zhu and Wen, which undoubtedly demonstrates Wang Chong's outstanding position in the Wu school of calligraphy. However, in contemporary studies of calligraphy, the evaluation of Chen Chun and Wang Piao is better than that of the latter, and there is even a proposal to change the ranking of the four schools to Zhu, Wen, Chen, and Wang, reflecting the discrepancy between the Ming Dynasty and the contemporary era in terms of the evaluation of calligraphers. Wang Shizhen's view of the four schools has its own contemporary and cultural factors, and the position of Chen Chun and Wang Favored in the eyes of the Ming people can be taken as a meaningful subject in the study of Ming calligraphy. Strictly speaking, Chen Chun ranked after Wang Favored, and even in individual reviews can not occupy the position, in addition to its name for the name of the painting for the cover, but also with the Ming people's ideology of calligraphy; and Wang Favored in the world of calligraphy enjoys a high status, but not purely because of its calligraphy is excellent due to.