Commonly used therapeutic drugs are:
1, antispasmodic and analgesic drugs: commonly used diclofenac sodium, indomethacin, pethidine, tramadol, atropine, scopolamine, etc., can help to release the spasm of the ureter, relieve the pain and discomfort caused by the stone, and some drugs can also promote the discharge of the stone.
2, calcium stone treatment: hydrochlorothiazide is often the first choice for treatment of high urinary calcium, can reduce urinary calcium excretion. In addition, limiting sodium and animal protein intake can also inhibit calcium reabsorption and reduce stone formation.
3, uric acid stone treatment: these stones often use sodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate alkalinization of urine, and then through oral allopurinol and dietary modification and other methods of treatment, the effect is better. Dietary regulation includes avoiding high-protein, high-fat diets, reducing or not drinking alcohol, drinking more water, eating less seafood and other purine-rich foods.
4, cystine stone treatment: commonly used penicillamine, which can combine with cystine and increase its solubility. However, side effects such as allergy, fever, drug rash, nephrotic syndrome and decreased blood cells may occur. In addition drinking large amounts of water and alkalizing the urine may also increase cystine solubility.
5, calcium oxalate stone treatment: there is no specific therapeutic drugs, but taking large doses of vitamin B6 can reduce the excretion of oxalate. In addition, drinking plenty of water and supplementing with phosphate or magnesium oxide preparations can help prevent stone formation.
6, traditional Chinese medicine / proprietary Chinese medicine: if necessary, but also discretionary use of nephrolithiasis particles, stone particles and other drugs for treatment.
7, other: when there is an infection, you can also use antibiotics and other drugs for treatment, such as amoxicillin, levofloxacin and so on.