Speaking of this, the locals will mention Li Pengfei, who is most familiar with Allium mongolicum Regel. Sure enough, as soon as he saw Li Pengfei, he talked about shallots. Be sure to take us to the grassland. This is shallot. Why does it look like wild leek? Oh, yes. Its alias is Allium mongolicum Regel, which belongs to Allium of Liliaceae and is a perennial herb. It mainly grows in grassland, desert sandy land or arid hillside areas with an altitude of 800 ~ 2800 m in northwest, north and northeast China, and is distributed in most parts of Inner Mongolia, western Liaoning, Shaanxi, Qinghai, northern Ningxia, Gansu and northeastern Xinjiang. It is called Allium mongolicum Regel, because its leaves are oblate and hollow in the middle, which is very similar to our common green onion leaves. Allium mongolicum Regel can be used as stuffing. jiaozi, steamed bread is delicious, fried with eggs and mutton, cold or seasoned with Allium mongolicum Regel sauce. It is a very delicious food on the grassland. Compared with leek, Allium mongolicum Regel is more spicy and bitter. The famous Chinese medical book Compendium of Materia Medica says that it has the functions of eliminating miasma, stimulating appetite, promoting digestion and sterilizing. Therefore, this kind of Allium mongolicum Regel has been a must-have food in grassland areas since ancient times. Every year after Tomb-Sweeping Day, Allium mongolicum Regel gives off fresh and tender buds, and herders cut them down to eat. In recent years, with the rapid development of Bashang tourism, the sparse growth of Allium mongolicum Regel on the grassland has long been unable to meet the market demand. There are more and more people planting Allium mongolicum Regel, and Li Pengfei is one of them. Ask him why he has such a vision and planted shallots, which is also related to his early vegetable wholesale business in Beijing. At that time, there were people selling Allium mongolicum Regel in Beijing, and the price was still very high. At that time, I thought the grassland in my hometown was covered with shallots. Wouldn't it be nice if I tried to collect them and plant them artificially? Seeing someone selling Allium mongolicum Regel, Li Pengfei came up with the idea of planting Allium mongolicum Regel. Needless to say, this Li Pengfei didn't stop at his idea. He really started to do it, but not long after he moved from the grassland to the field, some shallots died.
Allium mongolicum Regel, which nobody cares about, germinates every year. Why can't Li Pengfei grow well? Is it really difficult to domesticate Allium mongolicum Regel artificially? After careful consideration, Li Pengfei understood a truth. If you want to grow Allium mongolicum Regel well, you must know its temper. What's the temper of shallot? We have to go to the grassland. Places where Allium mongolicum Regel grows well are generally on arid sandy slopes, because this place has convenient drainage. When it rains, the water can be drained immediately. What kind of environment does Allium mongolicum Regel like on the grassland? Artificial planting must create a similar environment for it. The problem has been found, and the plot where Li Pengfei chose to plant Allium mongolicum Regel has a bottom. When choosing planting plots again, Li Pengfei chose some plots with slightly slower slopes. In the plot without slope, he dug the ridges and ditches on both sides of the plot down with a slope of 20 cm, forming a plot with high middle and low sides, so that more rainwater could be discharged along the slope. When watering is needed, the roots of Allium mongolicum Regel in the field will not blister. Of course, first of all, we must meet the most basic conditions of the plot, such as openness, ventilation and sunshine, and plant it in a cold area not exceeding 35 degrees Celsius, in order to plant Allium mongolicum Regel well. The plot has been selected and the planting method of Allium mongolicum Regel has been adjusted appropriately. If you want to see the benefits as soon as possible, he thinks it is best to transplant seedlings alone, but the disadvantage is that more trade unions are used in transplanting. If you want to save time and effort, you can choose direct seeding. The disadvantage is that the rate of return will not be formed until the second year. Choose seed live broadcast, usually in late March of each year. Before sowing, Li Pengfei will ask the workers to handle the seeds. When processing, it should be soaked in water and the inferior seeds floating on the water should be fished out. Then, gently rub the surface of the seeds with your hands. When the surface color of the seed turns gray and small grooves appear, it shows that its wax has been broken and it is easier to germinate. At this time, the seeds should be disinfected to prevent the seeds from carrying bacteria. Disinfection can be carried out according to the ratio of 50% carbendazim wettable powder 10g plus 2.5kg water and soaking seeds 1kg. After soaking the seeds for 12h, soak them in clear water at room temperature. Change the water once in the morning and once in the evening. After soaking for 3 to 5 days, the seeds will turn white. When the seeds are about 10% white, they can be sown.
When sowing, Li Pengfei will ask the workers to sow for a long time. Workers directly use hoes to draw a shallow ditch with a depth of 1-2cm, and the distance between the two ditches is 25cm. When sowing, the planting distance should be 15×25cm, and the sowing amount per mu should be 2.50-3.50 kg, so as to ensure the overall health of the seedlings. Under normal circumstances, Allium mongolicum Regel 15 can all emerge 20 days after sowing. At this time, Li Pengfei will ask the workers to check the situation at any time. Because the surface soil of Allium mongolicum Regel is weak, if the field is dry during the emergence of Allium mongolicum Regel, he will let the workers water it once to ensure that the soil is soft and moist. As we said earlier, Li Pengfei thinks it is better to transplant seedlings separately because of the slow direct seeding speed and low yield in the early stage. Transplanted seedlings alone in Kechun can also be planted in autumn. In production, Li Pengfei thinks autumn planting is better. First, the seedlings at this time are the strongest and easy to survive. The time for transplanting rice seedlings is generally in early August.
Before transplanting, Li Pengfei will ask workers to choose three-year-old Allium mongolicum Regel as seedlings. Such seedlings have enough tillers to provide enough seedlings. Moreover, the root system is relatively developed, and transplanting is easier to survive. After selecting seedlings and before transplanting, the prepared Allium mongolicum Regel seedlings should be selected and sorted to eliminate the old, weak and inferior seedlings. Then use scissors to remove the excess fibrous roots, pull them off the roots and pinch them once every 10 ~ 20 plants. Like direct seeding cultivation, before transplanting seedlings, workers will dig holes according to the plant spacing of 15×25cm, plant Allium mongolicum Regel seedlings one by one, cover the soil while planting, and gently press them with their hands. The depth should not exceed the depth of leaf sheath or the original natural growth depth, too deep will affect tillering, too shallow will easily spread out. After planting, water it in time, and the amount of water should not be too large, just look at the dryness and wetness. When the seedling height is about 10 cm, the workers will combine weeding and topdressing once, generally 400 kg of organic fertilizer per mu will do.
After the first ten days of September, Allium mongolicum Regel has reached the critical period of storing nutrients for the winter. At this time, workers should cooperate with intertillage to apply organic fertilizer once. Generally, the application of 500 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu can completely ensure the safe wintering of transplanted Allium mongolicum Regel. During the period of transplanting seedlings slowly, such as "autumn tiger" weather with high temperature and humidity; Allium mongolicum Regel, which is in the germination stage of new leaves, is prone to gray blight. Workers spray 1 0g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder with 2.5kg of water at the initial stage of the disease, and generally spray1time every 7- 10 days and spray it continuously for 2-3 times.
The breeding problem of Allium mongolicum Regel has been solved, but Li Pengfei's trouble has not been lifted. Why? The problem of output has always been a headache for him. Without yield, it is meaningless to cultivate Allium mongolicum Regel artificially. How can we increase the yield of Allium mongolicum Regel? Wild Allium mongolicum Regel grows naturally. More rain will make it stronger. When there is less rain, it will stop growing. Artificial cultivation can't do this. Well, scientifically fertilize and water!
May-September is the peak season of Allium mongolicum Regel and the peak of its output, so the water and fertilizer management at this time must keep up. According to Li Pengfei's experience, fertilization and watering of Allium mongolicum Regel are best combined with harvesting, that is to say, topdressing and watering should be done in time every time. Top-dressing 250-300 kg of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer 10- 15 kg per mu at one time, and then watering. Watered and fertilized. Li Pengfei is looking forward to the next harvest season, but the one-month harvest interval is too early. Not only did Li Pengfei's Allium mongolicum Regel not grow, but some of them died directly, which made him very angry. Li Pengfei repeatedly recalled this month's experience. What's wrong? He once again found the relevant information about the scientific cultivation of Allium mongolicum Regel and read it carefully. His heart lit up when he saw the steps of cultivating the soil in stages.
According to the key points of scientific cultivation, Allium mongolicum Regel needs to be cultivated in stages after harvest, which is especially important for Allium mongolicum Regel after the first harvest. On the one hand, it can ensure the growth of damaged Allium mongolicum Regel roots during harvesting, and on the other hand, it can prevent the weak Allium mongolicum Regel stems and leaves from lodging. According to the requirements, soil cultivation should be combined with fertilization. After Allium mongolicum Regel is harvested, sprinkle 1 layer of sand on the ridge with a thickness of 2-5 cm, and it is better not to bury Allium mongolicum Regel leaves. It is best to combine soil cultivation with fertilization.
Under normal circumstances, Allium mongolicum Regel should be cultivated two or three times a year with an interval of about 30 days each time. Well, all this has been done, and there is no point in not increasing the output of Allium mongolicum Regel. However, in addition to scientific management, timely harvesting is also very important. Under normal circumstances, the harvesting period of Allium mongolicum Regel starts in mid-May and ends in early September. When harvesting, ensure that Allium mongolicum Regel is 20cm high and harvest at the lower part of leaf sheath 1 ~ 3cm from the ground. Such Allium mongolicum Regel will not get old, and the yield can be guaranteed. After harvesting, yellow leaves and weeds should be removed and neatly packed in plastic bags. Harvest once every 20 days or so, and harvest 6 to 7 times a year, so that the yield per mu can reach about 2000 Jin.