First, a brief introduction
The scientific name of baking soda is sodium bicarbonate. The scientific name of soda is sodium bicarbonate, and its appearance is white crystalline powder or opaque monoclinic fine fine crystals. It belongs to inorganic salts with strong alkali and weak acid properties, and is weakly alkaline, soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.
Second, baking soda
1, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO? , an inorganic compound, is a white crystalline powder, odorless, salty and soluble in water. It decomposes slowly in humid air or hot air to produce carbon dioxide, which is completely decomposed when heated to 270℃. In case of acid, it is strongly decomposed to produce carbon dioxide.
2. Sodium bicarbonate is widely used in analytical chemistry, inorganic synthesis, industrial production, agriculture and animal husbandry. Physical properties: sodium bicarbonate is a white crystal, or an opaque monoclinic system fine crystal, odorless, slightly salty and cool, soluble in water and glycerol, insoluble in ethanol.
3. Solubility in water is 7.8g( 18℃), 16.0g(60℃), density is 2.20g/cm3, specific gravity is 2.208, and refractive index is α:1.465; β： 1.498； γ:1.504, standard entropy 24.4 j/(mol k), heat of formation 229.3kJ/mol, heat of solution 4.33kJ/mol, specific heat (CP) 20.89 j/(mol c) (22 c).
Third, study history
1, 179 1 year, French chemist Nicolas Leblanc prepared sodium carbonate, which laid the foundation for the synthesis of sodium bicarbonate. 180 1 year, the German pharmacologist Valentin Rose the Younger reported the discovery of sodium bicarbonate.
2. 1846, American bakers John Dwight and Austin Church established the first factory in the United States to produce sodium bicarbonate from sodium carbonate and carbon dioxide. 186 1 year, Belgian chemist Solvi developed an industrial method for producing sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
3. 1942, Hou Debang, a chemical expert in China, invented the combined alkali production method on the basis of solvay process. In addition to extracting from natural minerals, most of the industrial sodium bicarbonate in the world is influenced by Solway method.