China? Tea Ceremony The word was first put forward by the Zen monks, which raised the tea drinking from the skill to the spiritual height. Here is my carefully organized for you the relationship between Buddhism and the tea ceremony, take a look.
The relationship between Buddhism and the tea ceremony
First, "Zen tea a flavor" of the ideological basis
Tea in the initial relationship between Buddhism is tea for the monks to provide an irreplaceable beverage, and monks and monasteries to promote the development of tea production and tea technology, and then, in the practice of tea, tea ceremony and Buddhism to find more and more connotations between the ideological aspects of the **** common place.
Its one of the most important things.
One of them is "suffering"
The Buddhist theory is infinite, but the "Four Noble Truths" as the general outline.
After Siddhartha Gautama became a monk, the first time in the deer park, talking about the "Four Noble Truths". The Four Noble Truths of Suffering, Setting, Destruction, and the Way are led by suffering. How much suffering is there in life? Buddha thought, there are birth suffering, old age suffering, disease suffering, death suffering, resentment and hatred of the suffering, love and separation suffering, and so on, in short, where all the material composition of human existence and human existence in the process of the spiritual factors can bring people "suffering", the Buddha seeks to "the sea of bitterness, turn back to the shore". To participate in Zen is to see through the concept of life and death, to achieve great enlightenment, and to seek relief from "suffering". Tea is also bitter. Li Shizhen in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" in: "Tea bitter and cold, yin in the yin, the most able to lower the fire, fire for all diseases, the fire is on the clear carry on" from the tea after the bitter back to the sweet, sweet in the bitter characteristics of the Buddhist can produce a variety of associations to help people practicing Buddhism in the tasting of tea, taste of life, break the "bitter meaning.
The second is "static"
The tea ceremony is "and static Yizhen", the "static" as a way to achieve the heart Zaiza seat forgetting, purify the mystery, clarify the flavor of the road. Buddhism is also the main quiet. The Buddhist Zen meditation without adjusting (adjusting the mind, body, food, breath, sleep) and the Buddhist "precepts, determination, wisdom" three studies are also based on the quiet. Buddhist Zen Buddhism was created from "stillness". It can be said that meditation is an important course for Zen masters of all times to realize the principles of Buddhism. In the meditation meditation, people inevitably fatigue sleepy, at this time, can refresh the mind to overcome the drowsiness of only tea, tea has become the best Zen "friend".
The third said "where"
The Japanese tea ceremony master Chiriku once said: "must know the tea of the original but is to boil water point tea," the second words hit the nail on the head. The essence of the tea ceremony is indeed to realize the mystery of the universe and the philosophy of life from the triviality of daily life. Zen also requires people to meditate, from the ordinary trivial to realize the great Tao.
The fourth is to "let go"
People's suffering, in the final analysis, is because "can not let go", so the Buddhist practice especially emphasizes "let go". Modern monk Xuyun said: "cultivation must let go of everything in order to be able to enter the road, otherwise futile." What does it mean to let go of everything? The six internal roots, the six external dust, the six consciousnesses, the eighteen realms should be put down, in short, the physical and mental world should be put down. Let go of everything, people naturally relaxed, see the world sky blue sea blue, mountains and beautiful water, sun and wind and moon stars. Tea also emphasizes the "put", put down the work at hand, steal half a day of leisure, relax their taut nerves, relax their own imprisoned line. The most wonderful poem by Dr. Yan Renju Shi: Put down also put down, where to hang on? As a person who has nothing to do, laughing about the stars and the moon. May we all make a put down, unattached tea people.
Second, the contribution of Buddhism to the development of the tea ceremony
Since ancient times, monks love tea, tea, and tea as a couple of meditation. In order to meet the daily drinking and hospitality needs of the monks, the temple has its own tea garden, at the same time, in ancient times, only the temple has the most conditions for research and development of tea technology and tea culture. Our country has "since ancient times, famous temples out of the famous tea" said. The Tang Dynasty, "State History Supplement" records, Fuzhou "Fangshan Luya", Jiannan "Meng Ding Shi Hua", Yuezhou "worry Lake with cream", Hongzhou "Xishan white dew" and other famous tea are produced in the temple. Monks on the need for tea from the objective to promote the development of tea production, for the tea ceremony provides a material basis. In addition, the contribution of Buddhism to the development of the tea ceremony has three main aspects.
1. The monks wrote tea poems, chanted tea words, made tea paintings, or sang and sang tea in the literati, enriching the content of tea culture.
2. Buddhism has provided the tea ceremony with the philosophical thought of "Brahma and me as one" and the concept of "precepts, determination and wisdom", which has deepened the ideological connotation of the tea ceremony and made the tea ceremony more charming. In particular, the worldview of "Brahma and I as one" complements the philosophical thought of "heaven and man and one" of Taoism, forming the aesthetics of the Chinese tea ceremony in the pursuit of the realm of "things I metaphysical meeting".
3. Buddhist tea is an activity that provides a reference for the development of the tea ceremony expression. Zheng Banqiao has a couplet written wonderfully: "Never famous scholar can Ping Shui, since ancient monks love to fight tea." Buddhist monasteries ongoing tea activities, to improve the tea drinking techniques, standardize the tea drinking etiquette, etc. are widely helpful. In the Southern Song Dynasty, often held thousands of large-scale tea banquets, and the four seconds of tea drinking norms into the "Baizhang Qing rules", some modern scholars believe that the "Baizhang Qing rules" is a combination of Buddhist tea rituals and the Confucian tea ceremony mark. Third, "Zen tea a flavor" of the mood to truly understand the Zen tea a flavor, all rely on their own experience. This experience can be felt through the practice of tea. Can also be through the tea poetry, tea taste to enlightenment.
The relationship between tea culture and BuddhismThe general tendency of Chinese tea culture is to love life and the sense of joy, while the Buddhist spirit emphasizes the bitter silence. Buddhism, as a foreign culture, was introduced to China since the Han Dynasty. At that time, it was used by the court and aristocrats to pray for blessings, longevity, more children and more grandchildren, or to keep the country in peace. The first time Buddhists drank tea was during the Jin Dynasty. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Buddhism was used by the rulers to anesthetize the common people. As a ruling technique, successive dynasties since then have been happy to utilize it, and Buddhism has thus developed and different school systems have emerged. Buddhist Zen Buddhism advocates a comprehensive, can be harmonized with other traditional culture, so that the Tang Dynasty tea culture can be rapid development, and make the wind of drinking tea in the country popular to this day. Buddhism in the tea dissolved into? The idea of purity and tranquility. Ideas, tea people want to drink tea and landscape, nature as one, in the drinking of tea in a beautiful rhythm, spiritual release. Spiritual support in tea is also a kind of? Enlightenment? It is said that drinking tea can lead to Taoism, and there is Taoism in tea, so Buddha and tea are connected. The Chinese tea ceremony is also a form of enlightenment. Tea ceremony The two words were first proposed by the Zen monks, which will raise the tea drinking from the skill to the height of the spirit. Tang and Song Buddhist temples often organized large tea banquets. Tea banquets, to talk about the Buddhist scriptures and the tea ceremony, and poems, the Buddhist rules, tea and scriptures and Buddhist philosophy, the concept of life are integrated, opened up a new way of tea culture. In the folk tea ceremony, the court tea ceremony is difficult to follow, Zen tea ceremony is easy for the general public to accept, so the influence of Buddhism is greater.
Buddhism is the 6th to 5th centuries BC by the ancient Indian Shakyamuni founded (roughly equivalent to China's Confucius, Laozi era), initially introduced into China by the Western Regions, the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty began to spread widely in the Sui and Tang dynasties and the Sheng Tang Dynasty, the country has had a lot of Buddhist monasteries, monasteries, the economy has also had outstanding development, of which tea is an important element.
China's tea boom period is the Tang Dynasty, in the development of Zen Buddhism on the basis of the wind bloomed, due to the Zen meditation in the closed-eye meditation, it is very easy to fall asleep, so the Zen sitting in the ? Only allowed to drink tea?
In our country during the Tang and Song dynasties, Buddhism is prevalent, the temple must have tea, teaching must have tea, Zen must have tea; especially in the southern temples, almost appearing in the temple planting tea, no monks do not tea tea tea. Buddhism believes that: tea has three virtues, namely? Sitting meditation through the night; full stomach to help digestion, tea and not hair. Helpful Buddhist rules, which may be one of the reasons why Buddhism advocates tea.
In fact, in the Wei and Jin dynasties and even earlier, tea has become a common drink for monks and nuns in China. For example: Lu Yu in the "Tea Classic" cited a number of times in the two Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties when the monks drink tea historical information. One of the cited "Shi Dao that said the continuation of the biography of celebrities," said: "The release of Fayao, surnamed Yang's family. Shi Fayao, surnamed Yang, Hedong people, Yongjia in the river, met Shentai Zhenjun Wukang Xiaoshan Temple, the year hanging car, meals drink tea. Another excerpt from the "Song Records" said: ? Xin'an Prince Luan, Yuzhang Prince Shang, to visit the Tuanji Taoist in the Bakong Mountain, Taoist set tea tea, Zi Shang taste said:? This manna also, why say tea tea ''?! This shows that in the Wei Jin and North and South Dynasties, China's monks and Taoists have been the wind of tea.
China's temples not only attach importance to tea, but also the production, publicity, and research tea center. In ancient times, only the temple has the most conditions to study tea, improve the quality. Because temples have a certain amount of property, monks do not participate in labor, they have the time and culture to talk about the tea picking and manufacturing, the art of drinking and writing books and poetry to promote tea culture, so, China has? Since the ancient temple out of the famous tea? said.
According to historical records, as well as folklore, China's many ancient and modern famous tea, there are many initially planted by the temple, fried. Such as Sichuan Ya'an produced? Mengshan tea? Also known as? Xian tea? , is rumored to be the Han Dynasty Ganlu Temple Pu Hui Zen Master hand-planted, because of its excellent quality, was listed as tribute to the emperor tribute. Fujian Wuyi Mountain produces? Wuyi Rock Tea The former name is "Oolong Tea". Oolong tea? The tea is most authentic to the monastery, the monks pick the tea according to different seasons, respectively made of? Shouxingmei? The tea leaves were picked at different times of the year by the monks. Lotus Heart and? Fengwei Longshu? Three famous teas. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the monks of Dongting Mountain Shuiyue Yuan in Jiangsu Province picked the? Shuiyue tea that is now famous? Biluochun tea. Ming Longqing years, monks and disciples of generous tea production is exquisite, its tea is famous at home, known as? Dafang tea? The tea is now produced in the southern Anhui tea area. Tun green tea? The predecessor. Zhejiang Yunhe County Huiming Temple? Huiming tea? The color of green, long-drinking aroma is not the characteristics of the Panama World's Fair in 1915 won the first-class gold medal. In addition, produced in Putuo Mountain? Buddha tea? and Huangshan's? Yunwu tea? and Yunnan Dali Sentong Temple? Sentong Tea Tiantai Mountain, Zhejiang Province, the Wannian Temple of the? Lohan tea The tea of Fajing Temple in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Xianglin tea? etc., are originally produced in the temple in the famous tea.
Buddhist monasteries not only on the cultivation of tea, baking has a unique technology, and very concerned about the way of drinking tea. Monasteries are equipped with? Tea Hall? , is dedicated to Zen monks debating Buddhist philosophy, hospitality, savor the place of tea; Dharma Hall in the? Tea drum? Is to convene the monks to drink tea by drums. In addition, the temple also specializes in? Tea head? , specializing in boiling water to cook tea, offering tea to guests; and sent in front of the temple? Tea monks? A number of names, the benefit of tea. Tea in the temple, called? Temple tea? , the general use of three: for Buddha, hospitality, self-offering. According to the "brute Ou Zhi", the monks of the jue lin hospital hospitality medium tea, self serving the following tea, for buddhist tea. Monastery tea? According to the Buddhist rules there are many names, daily in front of the Buddha, in front of the hall, in front of the spirit of offering tea, called? The tea is called "Dien Chai" (奠茶). The tea is served in the order of the number of years of ordination, which is called "precept tea". Precepts tea? The tea obtained by begging for food is called? Tea from begging and begging for food is called "Hua Cha". And so on. Learning Buddha is always pay attention to learning, all things in life and learning Buddha, believe in Buddha linked to the respect for Buddha and learning Buddha's progress, this way is actually more effective, and drinking tea is certainly included in this category. Many of our holy places of Buddhism, famous temples are planted with tea, monks self-picked and self-made, drinking tea and chanting, cultivating the body and mind, countless senior monks, the reason for their longevity, and long-term tea drinking has something to do with.
To sum up, whether in the tea planting, the promotion of tea drinking customs, tea feast forms, tea culture spread abroad, Buddhism has made great contributions. Our tea drinking habits were introduced to Japan along with Buddhism.
?