"Bohai Rim Region", or "Bohai Rim Economic Circle", in a narrow sense refers to Liaodong Peninsula, Shandong Peninsula and Bohai Rim coastal economic belt, extending to Shanxi, Liaoning, Shandong and central and eastern Inner Mongolia, accounting for about 13.3 1% of the national land area and 22.2% of the total population respectively. The region includes Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Dalian, Taiyuan, Jinan, Qingdao, Baoding, Shijiazhuang and other cities.
Bohai Sea is an inland sea surrounded by Liaodong Peninsula, Shandong Peninsula and North China Plain in a "C" shape. Covering more than half of China, it is the main seaport in parts of Northeast China, North China, Northwest China and East China. Grain, livestock products and petroleum from the three northeastern provinces and the Dongsi League in Inner Mongolia, coal and fur from the northwest, petroleum and textile products from North China, seafood from the Bohai Sea, and even goods from Qinghai and Xinjiang thousands of miles away will be transported to all parts of the world through here.
At the same time, it is a trade channel with more than 60 countries and regions in the world, and imported equipment, capital and commodities will also enter the northern market of China from here. These inland hinterland, involving more than ten provinces and autonomous regions, account for about 60% of the national land area and 40% of the gross national product, which is also rare in other coastal areas of China.
Faced with such a "vast" economic region, it is impossible to develop the economic circle around Bohai Sea only by relying on the strength of any city or region in the region. Therefore, the great development of the Bohai Economic Circle needs the joint efforts of many cities including Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Dalian, Taiyuan, Jinan, Qingdao, Baoding and Shijiazhuang. The next 24 expressways will connect Beijing and Tianjin.
Tianjin delegation discussed Beijing-Tianjin cooperation to accelerate the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area. In the future, there will be three expressways and as many as 24 expressways connecting Beijing and Tianjin. Among them, the second lane of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Expressway was completed and opened to traffic in 2008. The existing Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Expressway should also be widened from four lanes to eight lanes. The third expressway in Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu is also under planning. In addition, the Tianjin section of Beijing-Shanghai Expressway will be completed and opened to traffic in 2007.
It is predicted that during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, Tianjin will form a "one-hour urban rapid traffic circle", a "three-hour urban economic circle" integrating Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area, and an "eight-hour hinterland service circle" serving the regional economic development around the Bohai Sea.
Jin and Meng guard against sandstorms
At the local "two sessions", Shanxi Province proposed to "continue to implement national key ecological construction projects such as natural forest protection, returning farmland to forests, and controlling sandstorms in Beijing and Tianjin". According to the forecast of Shanxi Provincial Water Resources Department, Shanxi's water-saving investment in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project will reach 7610.6 million yuan this year.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region also emphasized in its planning: "In 2006, we will continue to implement key ecological projects such as returning farmland to forests, grazing and grassland, and controlling sandstorms in Beijing and Tianjin, and strive to complete the task of forestry ecological construction/kloc-0.3 million mu, vigorously carry out voluntary tree planting, and strive to improve the level of urban and rural greening."
Since the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project in 2000, the number of sandstorms in Beijing has been decreasing: 0/3 in 2000, 7 in 2002 and only 3 in 2005.
Beijing-Shijiazhuang and Beijing-Qinhuangdao railways 1 hour.
On the railway, it is planned to build Hebei section of Beijing-Shanghai and Beijing-Shijiazhuang passenger dedicated lines, and build local railways from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. The Beijing-Shijiazhuang Passenger Dedicated Line is introduced from Beijing West Railway Station to Shijiazhuang East Railway Station via Zhuozhou and Baoding, with a total length of about 278 kilometers. There will probably be two types of trains on this special line, Type A with a speed of over 300 kilometers per hour and Type B with a speed of over 200 kilometers per hour. In this case, if you take the A train, it will take you half an hour from Baoding to Beijing and one hour to Shijiazhuang. Qinhuangdao envisages the construction of a high-speed railway from Beijing to Qinhuangdao. After completion and opening to traffic, it only takes 1 hour from Beijing to Qinhuangdao. Now the passenger train from Beijing to Qinhuangdao takes nearly 3 hours to arrive.
4 hours -> 40 minutes transition between Tianjin and Baoding
A high-speed intercity railway will also be built between Tianjin and Baoding. The Ministry of Railways signed the minutes of the meeting with Tianjin and Hebei Province to speed up the railway construction from Tianjin to Baoding. The three parties agreed to speed up the preliminary planning and feasibility study report of Tianjin-Baoding intercity railway and start construction in the first half of 2009.
After the completion, Tianjin will go directly to Baoding, and it takes only 40 minutes to take the EMU with a speed of 250 kilometers per hour. Now there are only two trains from Tianjin to Baoding, both of which bypass Langfang and Beijing respectively, and it takes four hours to get to Baoding.
Zhangjiakou provides green energy for Beijing.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, Zhangjiakou will vigorously develop thermal power and wind power, and strive to make the installed capacity reach more than 6.5438+million kilowatts (including wind power reaching 6.5438+million kilowatts) and build an important energy base in North China and even the north.
Zhangjiakou is located in the northwest of Beijing, and the annual average effective wind speed in Bashang area is more than 6000 hours. It has the resources to build 7 billion kilowatts of wind farms, of which 23 million kilowatts of large wind farms can be built. It is one of the three million kilowatt wind power demonstration bases planned by the state.
Baoding strives to build "China Electric Valley"
China Diangu is a national high-tech industrial development zone in Baoding, Hebei Province. Baoding High-tech Industrial Development Zone is one of the national high-tech zones. With the development of urbanization in Baoding, it is becoming a new urban center in Baoding.
Baoding is one of the first two pilot cities named by the Ministry of Science and Technology as the only national torch plan "new energy and energy equipment industrial base", the only national "solar energy comprehensive application demonstration city" and "China low-carbon city development project", which has the unique advantages of building "China Electric Valley" and the first sun city in China.
Baoding China Electric Valley is based on the national new energy and energy equipment industrial base, and by virtue of the obvious advantages of the power industry, it extends and expands to a deeper and wider field of power technology, and establishes new energy and energy equipment enterprise groups and industrial groups focusing on wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation and based on power transmission and transformation and power automation equipment, forming technology gathering areas, talent gathering areas, information gathering areas and industrial gathering areas of domestic power equipment industry, leading China's new energy and energy equipment. Its goal is to integrate R&D, education, production, sightseeing and logistics to build a world-class new energy and electric power technology innovation and industrial base.
Baoding China Electric Valley has formed six industrial systems: solar photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation equipment, new energy storage materials, power electronics and power automation equipment, power transmission and transformation equipment, and high-efficiency energy-saving equipment, providing a solid industrial foundation for Baoding to build "China Electric Valley" and "Sun City".
"Made in Baoding" should be very famous in Beijing and Tianjin.
In the 11th Five-Year Plan, Baoding proposed to be a "Made in Baoding" brand, strive to build an important new industrial city in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area, and make "Made in Baoding" famous in Beijing and Tianjin.
At present, most of the building materials used in Beijing's construction industry, including cement and marble, are produced in Baoding, and the marble in Tiananmen Square comes from Baoding manufacturers. According to Hebei Daily, it is estimated that about 40 million tons of sand and gravel are supplied by other cities every year in Beijing. In the surrounding areas of Beijing, such as Baoding, Hebei Province, the reserves of recoverable sand and gravel exceed 20 billion tons, the annual production capacity of sand and gravel is about 200 million tons, and there are nearly 20,000 special transport vehicles for sand and gravel.
Baoding has a good industrial foundation. As early as the early days of the People's Republic of China, there were 8 key construction projects in Baoding. After years of construction, there are now more than 1 100 industrial enterprises above designated size, with sales income of 5 million yuan, forming advantageous industries such as automobile manufacturing, electromechanical, textile, food, building materials and information product manufacturing.
In recent years, the prototype of Baoding "North China Light Automobile City" has been highlighted. Vehicle manufacturers 12, 93 parts manufacturers. In 2005, the city's annual automobile production capacity reached 400,000 vehicles. Vehicle companies represented by Great Wall, ZTE and Hebei Changan produce and sell 2 100 vehicles and export 3 100 vehicles, ranking first in the export volume of similar vehicles in China. The sales revenue of the automobile industry is 654.38+0.5 billion yuan, and the profits and taxes are 654.38+0.75 billion yuan. Great Wall Motor is the first private enterprise listed on H shares in Hongkong, with an annual production capacity of 6,543,800+4,000 vehicles, and Great Wall Group ranks among the top 500 in China. A number of auto parts companies such as Great Wall Engine, Sail Battery, Lizhong Hub and Zhuozhou Lingyun also occupy a considerable market share. China Le Kai Film Group Co., Ltd. is a modern enterprise with the largest scale, the strongest technology, the largest variety of products and the widest market coverage in China's image information recording industry. Leading products such as color film and color paper account for more than 30% of the domestic market, ranking first in the country; Baoding Tianwei Group is the only manufacturer of one million main transformers in China, and its manufacturing capacity of EHV power transmission and transformation equipment ranks first in China, winning the bid for the power transmission and transformation equipment of the Three Gorges Project in one fell swoop. Tianwei Yingli solar photovoltaic technology occupies a leading position in the world, and "Innovative China" is on the list; Yimian Group is a comprehensive large-scale enterprise integrating spinning, weaving and clothing, and the foreign brand aviation clothing developed and produced has been selected by Air China. Hebei Juli Group's sling production scale ranks first in Asia and second in the world; Lihua Group is the largest top hat manufacturer in China, and its annual export volume ranks first in the world. In addition, Li San wool and Huaxia adhesive tape enjoy a high reputation in domestic and foreign markets.
Tianjin borrows from Binhai to "Bohai Rim"
"Shenzhen in the 1980s, Pudong in the 1990s and Binhai New Area in the 20th century." With Tianjin Binhai New Area being included in the overall strategic development layout of the country, it has become a powerful engine to promote regional economic development, and the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games has catalyzed the growth of this area, so the future of the Bohai Rim region is expected.
Binhai opportunity
"Binhai New Area will undoubtedly become the new engine of economic development around the Bohai Sea." Deputy Li Yali, director of the Tianjin Development and Reform Commission, said that in addition to national policies, Binhai New Area has unique geographical conditions such as ports and resources. "Binhai New Area has 2,270 square kilometers of land, of which 1.200 square kilometers are beaches and wasteland, and subsequent development will not occupy cultivated land."
From 1994 to now, Binhai New Area has been built for more than 10 years. In 2005, the GDP of Binhai New Area reached160.8 billion yuan, exceeding 20% of Beijing's GDP that year, and the regional fiscal revenue reached 24.84 billion yuan.
According to the positioning given by Tianjin, Binhai New Area will be based in Tianjin, relying on Beijing and Hebei, serving the Bohai Rim, radiating the "Three Norths" and facing Northeast Asia, and strive to build into a high-level modern manufacturing industry and R&D transformation base, a northern international shipping center and an international logistics center, and a livable ecological city.
With the continuous "growth" of Binhai New Area, a pattern of economic development around the Bohai Sea with Beijing-Tianjin Binhai New Area as the development axis, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei as the core area and Liaodong and Shandong Peninsula as the two wings is gradually taking shape. How to make use of the development opportunities of Binhai New Area is in front of other cities in this area.
Take advantage of the situation
On February 27th, the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences issued the Blue Book of Regional Development in China in 2006, arguing that the upcoming regional development strategy of "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei" will set off the third wave of reform and opening up in China, thus completely changing the unbalanced regional development in China.
"Beijing should make good use of the development opportunities of Binhai New Area," said Chen Mengping, director of the Institute of Economics of Beijing Academy of Social Sciences. For example, Binhai New Area has positioned itself as an advanced manufacturing base, and its rise has provided a more solid industrial support for the development of Beijing's modern service industry.
At the same time, Binhai New Area relies on its geographical location adjacent to Beijing, and uses its own manufacturing cost advantage to carry out high-tech industrialization, realize the interaction between R&D and manufacturing industry and Beijing, and promote the development of high-tech industry in Beijing.
(1) Overview of economic development
Cities around Bohai Sea are one of the more developed areas in China. There are many famous large and medium-sized enterprises. 1997, 13 urban GDP accounts for 7.8% of the national GDP. Therefore, the economy of cities around Bohai Sea is very important to the whole country. According to the GDP growth rate of industry and agriculture in four provinces and cities around Bohai Sea (Figure 2), it can be seen that the economy of these areas has maintained a high-speed development momentum. Among them, industries including steel, machinery, electronic instruments, petroleum, petrochemical and shipbuilding occupy an important position in the national industry. In recent years, the industry in this area has developed rapidly. From 1994 to 1998, gross industrial output value in Hebei and Shandong provinces continued to grow; Tianjin and Liaoning provinces maintained the growth rate of 1994 to 1997, but slightly decreased to 1998. Although the growth rate of agricultural GDP is not as obvious as that of industrial GDP? Especially after 1996, the agricultural development is stable and the output value keeps a steady growth trend. In the remarkable economic development and urbanization process in the past few decades, the cities around Bohai Sea have provided basic support for the national economic development.
(2) Population and its related activities
Due to the effect of population control measures, the population growth rate from 1994 to 1998 is at a rather low level, but the actual population keeps growing. The tourism industry in this area has developed rapidly from 1994 to 1998, and the number of tourists and tourism income have increased significantly.
In order to control the waste discharge caused by the population increase, the national Bohai Sea and Blue Sea Action Plan requires strengthening the construction of urban sewage treatment plants.
(3) Marine development activities
The marine development activities in the Bohai Rim region can be expressed by the changes in the output value of various marine industries such as fishery, oil, natural gas and sea salt. It can be seen that all marine industries show an overall growth trend from 1994 to 1998.