For example, underground facilities such as coal mine tunnels, railway and highway tunnels, subway tunnels, basements and air-raid shelters. Unsafe factors will be formed due to the large accumulation of harmful and explosive gases such as household steam discharged from the stratum, waste gas discharged from internal combustion engine when working, steam and carbon dioxide discharged from workers when breathing. In order to ensure safety, ventilation and exhaust passages are set in the engineering design as required. Ventilation shaft is one of the ventilation facilities. Generally, ventilation wells are vertical upward channel structures, just like "wells", so they are called ventilation wells. One end of the ventilation shaft is connected with the space of the underground building, and the other end leads to the ground space. The ventilation shaft is equipped with an exhaust fan of a certain specification, and the gas in the underground building is discharged into the atmosphere by using the extraction force of the exhaust fan and the natural tension of the ventilation shaft.
Question 2: What are the air wells in the architectural drawings? It is a ventilation pipe for some closed rooms or corridors and stairwells that need to be closed for fire prevention and smoke prevention. The air shaft is directly connected to the outdoor or roof, and sometimes it needs a blower to supply air under pressure.
Question 3: What is a wind well? Generally speaking, the main functions of air shaft are fire fighting, smoke exhaust and air conditioning and ventilation! In addition, there are toilet exhaust wells, kitchen fume exhaust wells, and if it is used as a laboratory building, there will be air wells for laboratories.
The size of the wind well has to be calculated! Some wind wells do not take pipes, and some take pipes. The specific size depends on the specific requirements! To do a good job in laboratory air, we must consider anti-corrosion; To do a good job of kitchen lampblack, you have to consider oil resistance, and some have to consider heat preservation!
The air shaft mainly has two fire-fighting functions: 1, smoke exhaust in case of fire; In case of fire, blow air into the room.
Smoke exhaust during fire is mainly in underground garages, warehouses, shopping malls and other places. In case of fire, it is set to prevent the on-site personnel from being smoked. However, indoor smoke can be quickly removed, which will buy time for indoor people to escape. But when the indoor temperature is high, the indoor smoke exhaust system will usually turn off automatically!
Fire blows indoor air mainly in escape places such as stairwells! Because when there is a fire, everyone runs to the stairwell. Generally speaking, the stairwell leads to the roof, which is equivalent to a big chimney ... Blowing the stairwell can prevent smoke from entering and provide fresh air for evacuees.
Question 4: What are the differences and connections among fresh air wells, exhaust wells and air wells? In high-rise buildings, related shafts include:
1. Smoke extraction well: Except for high-rise residential buildings, under normal circumstances, high-rise public buildings cannot be naturally ventilated, and smoke extraction wells must be set up. Generally, the smoke extraction wells should be aligned up and down, and the area of the smoke extraction wells should be considered as follows: a) the smoke extraction of office and hotel buildings requires about 0.6 ~ 0.7 square meters of shaft; B) Smoke extraction in commercial buildings, and the smoke extraction shaft needs about 1.5 square meters; C) For the smoke exhaust in the underground garage, the area of the smoke exhaust shaft is about 2‰ of the smoke exhaust area, and the area of the shared shaft is the maximum.
2. Air supply well: If there are no windows, doors (except fire doors) and driveways. To communicate directly with the outside world, an air supplement well must be set up in the underground garage on the second floor, and the area of the air supplement well is equal to twice the area of the smoke exhaust well serving this area.
3. Positive pressure air supply shaft: Positive pressure air supply shaft shall be set according to the specifications of staircase and elevator front room. Generally, the positive pressure air supply shaft in the stairwell should not be less than 1.2 square meters, and the positive pressure air supply shaft in the elevator front room should not be less than 0.8 square meters. It should be noted that the stairwell in the basement and the stairwell on the ground are completely separated by fire doors, so the positive pressure air supply well in the stairwell in the basement should be considered separately. According to the specifications of Shanghai, there are no more than three floors underground, and the height difference between the ground of the lowest underground floor and the outdoor entrance and exit is no more than10m. When the first floor has a door that opens directly to the outside or an openable external window not less than 1.2 square meter, the positive pressure air supply system is not required. If the above conditions cannot be met, a positive pressure air supply shaft of not less than 1.2 square meters must be set. At this time, if the positive pressure blower can only be set at the top floor, the positive pressure air supply shaft in the stairwell is set.
4. Fresh air well: In high-rise public buildings, if each floor cannot breathe fresh air, it is necessary to set up fresh air wells. The area of fresh air well is related to the area of its service area. For office and hotel buildings, the ratio is about 6/10000, and for commercial buildings, the ratio is about 1/1000. If the fresh air well serves multiple areas, its area should be accumulated.
5. Exhaust shaft: In high-rise public buildings, if exhaust gas (including exhaust gas from toilets, tea rooms and smoking rooms) cannot be discharged horizontally on each floor, it is necessary to set up an exhaust shaft, the area of which is about 80% of that of fresh air shaft.
Question 5: What atlas does the ventilation shaft use to view the ventilation duct atlas?
Question 6: What is a smoke well? 5 minutes is a kind of chimney, which is an independent smoke exhaust device used in buildings.
Question 7: Under what circumstances should ventilation shafts and smoke exhaust shafts be set up in basements and underground civil air defense areas?
Question 8: Does the ventilation shaft on the roof refer to this air supply shaft? It can also be an exhaust shaft, a smoke exhaust shaft and an air supply shaft.
Question 9: What is a wind well? The reserved passage in the wind shaft building in the building is mainly used for ventilation or waterproofing, and can also be used for escape and fire fighting in an emergency.