detailed information about Quancheng, that is, Jinan
Geographical overview
Jinan is the capital of Shandong Province, a major coastal economic province in eastern China, and the political, economic and cultural center of the province.
Jinan is located in the central and western part of Shandong Province, where beijing-shanghai railway meets Jiaoji Railway, and it is adjacent to Mount Tai on the list of "World Natural and Cultural Heritage" in the south and the Yellow River called "Mother River of Chinese Nation" in the north.
Jinan is located at the junction of low mountains and hills in south-central Shandong and alluvial plain in northwest Shandong, with high terrain in the south and low terrain in the north. The terrain is complex and diverse, which can be roughly divided into three zones; The yellow river belt in the north, the piedmont plain belt in the middle and the hilly mountain belt in the south. There are many rivers in Jinan, mainly the Yellow River and Xiaoqing River. There are also rivers such as Dasha River and Yufu River in the north and south. Lakes include Daming Lake, Baiyun Lake and Dongping Lake.
Climate
Jinan has a complex and diverse terrain, with Taishan Mountain in the south and Yellow River in the north, with high terrain in the south and low terrain in the north. Jinan is located in the mid-latitude, belonging to the continental monsoon climate zone of warm temperate zone. Spring is dry and rainy, summer is hot and rainy, autumn is crisp, winter is cold and dry, and the four seasons are distinct.
natural resources
The total area of land resources in the city is 8154 square kilometers. There are more than 3,111 square kilometers of mountains and hills and 5,111 square kilometers of plains. There are six soil types in the city: brown soil, cinnamon soil, fluvo-aquic soil, Shajiang black soil, paddy soil and aeolian sand. Clay, limestone and dolomite are of high quality and large quantity, but they have not been fully developed and utilized. "Jinan black" gabbro and "Liubuhong" granite have been exported to more than 31 countries and regions, such as Europe, Asia, Africa and so on, and the production scale needs to be expanded. Rich in mineral resources, mainly iron, coal, granite, refractory clay, copper, potassium, platinum, diamonds and other non-ferrous metals, rare metals and nonmetals. In particular, limestone has high grade and large reserves. The black granite of granite is pure in texture and unique in China. Forest resources are divided into two categories: trees and shrubs, and there are more than 61 families and more than 311 species. The southern mountainous area is rich in apples, pears, persimmons, walnuts, hawthorn, chestnuts, etc., and there are many kinds of medicinal materials such as Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Ziziphus jujuba, Chrysanthemum indicum and Cyperus rotundus. Jujube in the northern Yellow River Plain also has a high yield. In addition, white lotus roots, green onions, roses, reeds and other plants also have a high yield and enjoy a good reputation both inside and outside the province. The water resources are 1.59 billion cubic meters, and the available amount is 1.47 billion cubic meters.
History and Culture
Jinan has a history of more than 2,111 years, and is the birthplace of the world-famous prehistoric culture-Longshan Culture. The ruins of the Neolithic Age in the region include Chengziya, the Great Wall of Qi, the oldest ground building in China, the Guo Tomb of Xiaotangshan in the Han Dynasty, the four-door pagoda of a single-story ancient pagoda, and the painted Luohan of Lingyan Temple in the Song Dynasty, which is known as the "first plastic in the country".
Many famous figures in the history of China were born in Jinan, such as Bian Que, the founder of traditional Chinese medicine, Zou Yan, the master of Yin-Yang and Five Elements School, Fang Xuanling and Qin Qiong, the founding fathers of the Tang Dynasty (618-917 AD), Li Qingzhao, Xin Qiji, Zhang Yanghao and Li Kaixian, the famous writers in China, Zhou Yongnian, the initiator of China Public Library, and Wei Xiang, a famous architect. In addition, outstanding writers and scholars such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi and Ceng Gong have lived and traveled in Jinan successively, so they have a good reputation as "there are many celebrities in Jinan".
The city tree of Jinan is willow, and the city flower is lotus.
administrative divisions
Jinan is an ancient city with a long history, with a city wall built more than 2,611 years ago. The earliest name in the history books was "Long" (Chunqiu Zuozhuan), which was named because all the springs in this city merged into long water. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Jinan was the hometown of Qi. Subsequently, the State of Qi changed the name of Luoyi to calendar. More than 2111 years ago, the Han Dynasty was renamed Jinan (Historical Records). Because the land is south of the water, it is named. In 16 BC, Jinan was established. In 154 BC, the country was abolished and the county was changed. In the third year of Daoism in Song Dynasty (AD 997), it was divided into 15 roads nationwide, and Jinan belonged to JD.COM Road, which was Qizhou (History of Song Dynasty). In the sixth year of Huisong Zhenghe (AD 1116), Qizhou was promoted to Jinan Prefecture, which governed five counties, including Licheng, and was governed by the government. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has been the capital of Shandong Province. Jinan was established in July, 1929. After the founding of New China, Jinan became the political center of Shandong Province. At present, Jinan is a sub-provincial city approved by the state, which now governs six districts of Lixia, Licheng, Huaiyin, Tianqiao, Shizhong District, Changqing District, Pingyin, Shanghe, Jiyang and Zhangqiu, with a total area of 8,227 square kilometers and a population of 5.49 million, including 2.54 million urban residents.
Economic development
In recent years, based on the advantageous industries such as machinery and textile, steel, chemical industry, light industry, food and building materials, and according to the national industrial policy, Jinan has timely transformed machinery (high-performance, high-value-added mechanical products and metallurgical products), automobiles (advanced heavy-duty cars, modified cars and motorcycles), electricity (new electronic products and high-grade household appliances) and chemicals (chemical products). Jinan also vigorously implements the brand-name product strategy, constantly expands the production scale of famous products, and actively participates in domestic and international market competition. Car products represented by Qingqi brand motorcycles, large presses, CNC machine tools and high-grade modified cars, household appliances represented by Xiaoya brand washing machines and Panasonic brand color TVs, and light industrial products represented by Jiangjun brand cigarettes, Baotuquan brand beer, Admiralty brand electronic weighing machines, Fuhou brand knitwear and Shuanglida brand luggage all occupy a large share in the domestic market. Among them, Xiaoya brand automatic drum washing machine and Qingqi brand motorcycles are well-known brands in China and exported to more than 31 countries and regions overseas. Jinan has become one of the top 51 cities in China's comprehensive economic strength, with an industrial added value of 31.94 billion yuan in 1998.
The rural areas in the suburbs of Jinan are rich in grain, vegetables, fruits, aquatic products, cash crops and medicinal plants. Among them, Mingshui fragrant rice, Longshan millet, Zhangqiu scallion, Beiyuan white lotus root, Taishan small white pear, hawthorn, chicken feet walnut, Licheng Hongyu apricot, Yellow River carp, pingyin rose and Trichosanthes kirilowii are famous at home and abroad for their high quality and good quality. In recent years, Jinan has given full play to the advantages of local resources and vigorously developed high-quality, high-yield and efficient agriculture. Agricultural production has been bumper year after year. In 1998, the total grain output reached 2.73 million tons, the added value of agriculture reached 9.82 billion yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers reached 2,826 yuan.
the rural economy has developed in an all-round way. The total income of rural economy in the whole year was 81.33 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year. Among them, the non-agricultural economy increased by 7.9%, and its income accounted for 84.1% of the total rural economic income. At present, there are 148 township enterprise groups in Jinan, of which 18 are provincial-level groups, and 134 have entered the ranks of large and medium-sized township enterprises in China.
Infinite scenery
Jinan is known as the "Spring City". Abundant groundwater in Taishan Mountain undercurrent to Jinan along limestone strata, blocked by igneous rocks in the northern suburbs, and spewed out in the urban area to form many springs. Formed 72 springs. Among the 72 famous springs in Jinan, Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring, Black Tiger Spring and Wulongtan are the most famous. Daming Lake, which is a confluence of gushing springs and mountains in the northern part of the city, and Qianfo Mountain, a famous Buddhist resort in the southern part of the city, complement each other, forming a unique landscape of Jinan's "one city, mountains and mountains are half a lake". The clear and sweet spring water is the blood of Jinan, which endows the city with exquisite temperament and exuberant vitality.
General Record of Spring Names
There are hundreds of springs in Jinan, and there are seventy-two famous springs. In fact, all previous dynasties recorded different things. There are more than 72 springs in Jinan, and there are more than 111 springs in the urban area alone. Baotu Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Pearl Spring and Wulongtan Spring are the main components of Jinan 72 Spring, while others live in seclusion in other places within the jurisdiction of Jinan. The theory of seventy-two springs originated from the Ming Spring Monument in the Jin Dynasty contained in Qi Cheng. The so-called Golden Thread, Huanghua, Catkin, Woniu, Donggao, Shuyu, Wuyou, Shiwan, Jiuquan, Zhanlu, Manjing, Beizhu Bran, Sanshui, Xiting, Zhuoying, Grey Spring, Zhiyu, Cinnabar, Liu's, Yunqi, Dengzhou, Wangshui, Bowl Washing, Shallow Well, etc. Dye Pond, Suspended Spring, Duquan, Liu Quan, Plantago, Boiled Bran, Furnace Spring, White Tiger, Mannan, Linji, Bai Quan, Jinsha, Bailong, Huaquan, Dugu, Liquan, Slurry, South Boiled Bran, Chicory, Iron, Luquan and Longju, with a total of 72.
in the Ming dynasty, Yan bi, a poet and a company manager in Shandong province, composed a poem for seventy-two springs in Jinan, with 13 different spring names from those listed in Ming Quan Bei, and moved the dugu spring of Lingyan Temple and Li Tang Ling Yiquan in Ming Quan Bei to Tianmaling and Kangwang Mountain in Licheng County. Hao Zhigong, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, wrote Ji 'nan Seventy-two Springs. In this paper, there are 27 springs whose names are different from the Monument to Famous Springs. In Ming Dynasty, only 3 springs were recorded in the added 13 springs, but 24 famous springs were added and their names were changed to 1.
The newly named "Seventy-two Famous Springs" include Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring, Black Tiger Spring and other famous springs in history, as well as newly added famous springs such as Pipa Spring, Agate Spring and Jiunv Spring. The famous springs in history such as Jiuquan, Xiangquan and Jinhu Spring were removed due to their disappearance. The "Top Ten Spring Groups" are Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Wulongtan, Bai Quan, Yongquan, Yuhe Spring, Baimai Spring, Robe Spring and Hongfanchi Spring Group. The "Seventy-two Springs" fell like pearls among the "Top Ten Springs". Baotu Spring Park, located in the center of Jinan, is adjacent to Qianfo Mountain in the south, Daming Lake in the north and quancheng square in the east. It is a famous cultural park with spring water and human landscape as the symbol of Jinan, and the first of the three famous scenic spots in Quancheng.
Jinan, known as the spring city, is a unique natural landscape and historical and cultural feature. Baotu Spring is the crown of 72 springs, and Baotu Spring Group is the first of the four spring groups. There are many springs in Baotu Spring Park, including 27 famous springs, such as the famous Golden Line Spring, Shuyuanquan, Mabaoquan, Woniu Spring, Huanghuaquan, Liuxu Spring and Laojinxian Spring. In the past, Baotu Spring, which was less than four acres in Fiona Fang, was not only a place for incense, but also a place for performing arts, rap, divination and setting up stalls. It was formally built in 1956, and after several expansions, its area has now reached 11.5 hectares, making it a rare city park with spring characteristics.
there are many scenic spots and historical sites in the park, with profound cultural heritage. Luoyuan Hall, Eying Temple, Wanghe Pavilion, Guanlan Pavilion, Shangzhitang, Li Qingzhao Memorial Hall, Yi 'an Former Residence, Cangyuan, Snow House, Wanzhu Park, Li Kuchan Memorial Hall, Wang Xuetao Memorial Hall and other cultural landscapes are magnificent or simple and elegant; Many famous springs and inscriptions bear the history and culture of Jinan for thousands of years. Lantern Festival Lantern Festival with traditional characteristics, Qushan Art Sea, Looking at cranes and drinking tea, Four Seas lantern riddles and other activities have a long history, which has developed and enriched the cultural connotation of Baotu Spring. The layout of service facilities such as tea house, catering, photography, handicrafts, painting and calligraphy club is reasonable. Taking Baotu Spring as the center, the park is characterized by watching the spring, enjoying the opera and enjoying the tea, creating a simple, quiet and subtle realm, imitating the mountains and recreating the beauty of nature. The whole park is planned as 18 scenic spots.
baotuquan park is now a national excellent park, a "top ten" park, a national 4a-level tourist area (spot) and a demonstration window for the civilized service of the national construction system. it has been rated as a provincial-level civilized unit for 18 consecutive years since 1986 and is a famous tourist attraction at home and abroad.