Guide words of Suzhou Mudu ancient town 1
Welcome everyone to travel to Mudu ancient town! Mudu is located in the southwest of Suzhou 10 km, 5 km away from Taihu Lake. It is one of the thirteen scenic spots in Taihu Lake, featuring wuyue relics, strange mountain scenery and Mudu ancient town. It has both the victory of mountains and the beauty of gardens.
Now, let's go to the ancient town of Mudu.
First, let's take a look at this stone archway. The words "Ruimen will win" are written on the top. In other words, when we step into this auspicious door, we walk into the distant historical picture of the ancient town. Speaking of the "antiquity" of Mudu, let me talk about the origin of its name. According to legend, at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, built a pavilion and a baby palace here in order to please the beauty stone. There is a steady stream of timber, and the rivers and ports in this area are blocked. This is called "building block blocking". The name "Mudu" came from this.
Although the river is not strange in appearance, it is famous in the history of the Spring and Autumn Period. In order to crusade against Chu, the King of Wu dug this artificial canal with a total length of more than 230 kilometers by land, sent troops by water, made a surprise attack, and achieved brilliant results of "five wars and five wins", thus establishing the status of the overlord of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Because this canal was put forward by Wu Zixu and led by many people, later generations called it "Xujiang" in memory of him.
This promenade by the river is called shed, with a total length of 175 meters. At the same time, the shed is integrated with the residential area, which provides convenience for vegetable farmers, boat people and passers-by selling vegetables on the street. It is very popular because it is not exposed to the sun in summer and does not get wet in rainy days. Looking from a distance, the 100-meter shed looks patchwork, with different heights, just like a promenade with water in Gusu Garden, which is graceful and adds a bit of beauty.
As you can see, there are two bridges here, one is called "Oblique Bridge" and the other is called "Zhuanxiang Bridge". These two bridges are horizontal and vertical, extremely strong, and they are mutually built, so they are also called "double bridges". Please have a look. Xujiang River from Taihu Lake and Xiangxi River from Guangfu Tongkeng meet under the oblique bridge, forming an obvious watershed, which is one of the ten famous scenic spots in Mudu.
Mudu is not only an ancient water town, but also has the reputation of "the hometown of gardens" because there are many private gardens in the town. What we are going to visit now is the private garden "No.2 Mansion" which is famous for its "Three Carvings in the South of the Yangtze River".
Guide words of Mudu ancient town in Suzhou II
Feng Guifen is a famous enlightenment thinker and political commentator in modern times. Because he was admitted to the second class of Gengzi Family in the twenty years of Daoguang (1840), he was called the second class government.
The second place covers an area of about ten acres. Its layout is the front house and backyard, facing north, with zhaobi, foyer, hall and garden, forming a longitudinal axis, which is a typical garden style of Jiangnan house in the middle of Qing Dynasty.
Feng Guifen, the owner, was born when osmanthus was in full bloom, so he was named Guifen. He has read widely since he was a child and is proficient in classics and history. In the 12th year of Daoguang, when Lin Zexu was the governor of Jiangsu Province, he recognized Feng Guifen, whom he had never met before, and called him a "rare talent in a hundred years", and recruited him to study in Fu Department, accepting him as a disciple. This year, Feng Guifen just turned 23.
This is Feng Zhai Hall. It's called "Xianzhitang". This is where the host entertains the distinguished guests. The name of this hall was written by the owner in the spring breeze, which showed his great ambition. The furnishings in the hall are simple and elegant, reflecting the master's elegant demeanor.
This is the name of Feng Guifen's study, Jiaotai Record. Feng Guifen stayed in Beijing as an editor of the Hanlin Academy after finishing second in the senior high school entrance examination. Dissatisfied with official corruption, he quickly resigned and returned to his hometown. During this period, Feng Guifen wrote his masterpiece "Protest at School". He put forward 40 reform suggestions in view of the internal and external troubles during the Opium War, the most famous of which was "taking western learning to control foreign devices", which became the forerunner of the Westernization School's thought of "taking middle school as the body and using western learning" and was regarded as the forerunner by the later bourgeois reformists. Feng Guifen has a strong character and hates evil. This couplet is a summary of Feng Guifen's life as an official.
The building structure of the suburb adjacent to Lu is more unique, which brings together the essence of wood carving of the second prize house. First of all, the roof consists of three pavilions, which is rare in Jiangnan. Secondly, it is unique in structural load-bearing. The two walking columns do not fall to the ground, but are replaced by short columns, and the inverted flower basket is decorated, commonly known as the "flower basket hall", which not only increases the space, but also facilitates lighting. This architectural style, which integrates technology and art, practicality and beauty, is the embodiment of the superb wisdom of local Xiangshan craftsmen.
Guide words of Suzhou Mudu ancient town 3
This stone carving "The Breeding of Prosperity" is the second treasure of our two places. This painting, also known as "Suzhou Shengshi Tu", was painted by Xu Yang in the 24th year of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (1759), with a total length of 1225 cm. It mainly depicts the prosperous scene of Suzhou in the prosperous time of Kanggan, and the specific content is "one city, one street, one town and one village", while Mudu occupies one village and one town, so it is among the people.
Entering the inner room, you can see the third treasure in the second place: the brick carving gatehouse. This brick-carved gatehouse was built in Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty. Brick carvings are operas, such as "Fishing Reading" and "Too Drunk", which show the life realm that the owner advocates. In the middle is the word "Feng Tongde" inscribed by Pan, another teacher in Feng Guifen, which means virtuous.
The inner hall is called Furong Building, which expresses the noble character of the master with the meaning of "getting out of the mud without getting stained". In addition, hibiscus flowers are full of vitality, so they also have the meaning of hoping for a prosperous family.
The back garden has a large area. There are pavilions in the garden, dotted with red flowers and green trees. The most distinctive thing is that we can climb the Hanshan Pavilion at the top of the mountain and overlook it. Lingyan Mountain, the first mountain in Wuzhong, jumps into your eyes, evoking your infinite reverie about the story of Wu Wang and history.
There are two "double bridges" in Mudu town. Now we come to Xi 'an Bridge and Xiaorihui Bridge, which are called "small double bridges". Standing on Xi 'an Bridge and looking east, it is Dong 'an Bridge a hundred paces away. These two bridges are exquisite and majestic, echoing each other from afar, commonly known as "sister bridges". Standing on the bridge and looking west, it is one of Mudu's famous "Ten Scenes", "Fishing on the River Beach". Every night arrival, thousands of lights on the shore, twinkling stars in the sky and small fishing fires in the river set each other off, making people linger.
This is Hongqiao, which was built in the Song Dynasty. Whenever the sun sets and looks west, you can see that the setting sun is forming a line with Xiangxi and Hongqiao. The dying sunshine dyed the Xiangxi River into colorful silk and covered the white walls and tiles on both sides with scarlet yarn. This is the famous "Hongqiao Evening Photo" in the Ten Scenes of Mudu.
Guide words of Suzhou Mudu ancient town 4
We are now walking on Shantang Street, a century-old street along which Kangxi Qianlong climbed Lingyan Mountain. Because Shantang Street is backed by Lingyan. Facing Xiangxi, surrounded by mountains and rivers, there were many dignitaries living here in ancient times. Next, we visited Gusong Garden, the former residence of Cai, one of the four richest men in Mudu in the late Qing Dynasty.
Cai, the owner of Gusongyuan, ran a foreign goods business in Shanghai in his early years. After he developed, he went back to his hometown to build houses and farm, and the land was fertile. As can be seen from this bird map of Gusong Garden, Gusong Garden is a typical mansion garden in Qing Dynasty.
Through the hall and into the patio, you can see a brick-carved gatehouse. The upper and lower floors of the gatehouse are engraved with a set of historical stories, such as Laozi's Journey to the West to Enter the Customs, Jigong Sweeping the Qin Dynasty, Fighting against Jianghu, Biography of Zhang Yu and Ning Qi Fan Niu. The word is "Ming Wei De Xin", and the pockets on both sides are respectively
This is a Liang Tang, where the host receives distinguished guests and arranges weddings and funerals. The main hall is an imitation Ming building. There are four pairs of ash trees on the beam frame and the inner four sides of the ladder, which are shaped like the wings of ancient official hats, commonly known as the Shamao Hall. All kinds of operas and stories are engraved on the cypress. The mountain fog and Liang Yun in Liangtou are vivid and exquisite patterns of "He Ming Jiu Gao". The most interesting thing is that there are eight pipas carved on a square rafter in the middle of the beam frame in the Ming Dynasty, which is called "Eight-tone Corner", meaning happiness.
This is the balcony, with only five rooms and wings on both sides. People call it "Flower Basket Building" or "Phoenix Building" because there are sixteen flower baskets hanging at the lower end of the eaves and sixteen phoenixes carved on the upper porch beams. Phoenix Tower is an early work of Dongshan Carved Building, and its architectural style and carving art are exactly the same. All the carvings here are auspicious patterns, which are called "begging for color" by the people. For example, the eaves of the Ming Dynasty are carved with paintings, books, letters and ingots from east to west, which is called the "golden house in the book"; The eaves are carved with flower baskets, boxes, swords, gourds and so on. , commonly known as "the eight dark immortals"; There are eight treasures carved on the eaves of the wing, such as conch, hot wheels, coral and bronze drum, which are called "Eight Treasures", and the Mudu Hall of Fame is downstairs. It introduces 66 historical and contemporary celebrities in Mudu town in an illustrated way. After reading it, everyone will have a deeper understanding of Mudu's history. Upstairs is the Calligraphy Art Museum, which displays our Mudu calligraphy.
Now, we come to the back garden of Gusong Garden. On the east side of the garden, there is a Podocarpus, which is more than ten meters high. This is a relic of the Ming Dynasty. According to the Records of Wuxian County, this tree is over 500 years old, hence the name "Gusong Garden" of Cai. Not far away, there is a ginkgo tree, thick and sprouting, with tall and straight branches, full of fruits in autumn and golden in early winter, which brings joy to the front house and backyard.
Guide words of Suzhou Mudu ancient town 5
The biggest feature of the back garden building is that pavilions and pavilions are connected into a whole with double corridors. You can not only enjoy the green of Gu Song at close range, but also see the scenery of Lingyan Mountain. In this way, although Gusong Garden is small, it can appreciate the beauty of mountains and rivers and the interest of nature in the blending of scenes, which can be regarded as a wonderful flower of Suzhou private gardens.
Along Shantang Old Street, we continue to roam forward, surrounded by the quietly flowing Xiangxi River. According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period in Wu and Yue Dynasties, Shi lived in the tile palace of Lingyan Mountain Pavilion and bathed in spices every day. This makeup water flows into the river below the mountain, and the river is full of fragrance, hence the name Xiangxi. Walking in Xiangxi, we feel like we smelled the fragrance of flowers and plants in the palace of Wu 2,500 years ago.
Now we come to Yin Hong Mountain House, the largest private garden in Mudu.
Yin Hong Mountain Residence is a famous garden in the suburbs of Suzhou during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. Because its door faces Xiangxi and its back faces Lingyan, it is far more beautiful than other gardens. Therefore, every time Emperor Qianlong visited Mudu in the south of the Yangtze River, he would go to Yin Hong Mountain Residence, where he had a garden where he could watch a play, drink tea and recite poems. It was not until nightfall that he reluctantly walked along the mountain pond in front of him. Therefore, Yin Hong Mountain House is also called the "folk palace" of Emperor Qianlong in the local area.
This is the Royal Pier and the Royal Monument Pavilion. In the sixteenth year of Qianlong, that is, in the spring of A.D. 175 1, Qianlong made his first southern tour. The imperial ship passed through the canal, turned into Xujiang, turned into Xiangxi and landed here.
Gan Long likes to travel, dance and write. Wherever he goes, he writes poems and inscriptions. When he saw this ancient road in Shantang Street, he couldn't help being excited by poetry and immediately occupied one of the seven laws. Later, the seven tones were carved on the tablet by local officials and placed in the pavilion, which set each other off with the Yiquan Pavilion in the Ming Dynasty opposite, and became a major landscape of the ancient town.
Probably there are too many poems such as "A Tour Here" by Qianlong. It is said that during his 60 years in office, he wrote 4 1800 poems, with an average of 2 poems a day. Therefore, later generations have different opinions on his poetry and calligraphy. He himself thought there were too many poems, saying, "Five episodes turned into 40 thousand wonders and earned too many words." However, the calligraphy of Liu Yong, a great scholar in honker, is highly praised by later generations, calling him the "Prime Minister of Thick Ink" and the highest among a generation of calligraphers. What we are seeing now is Yin Hong Shan Jutu written by Liu Yong.
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