The knowledge of fire prevention in winter is windy and dry in winter, which is the high incidence period of fire hazards. Fire experts suggest that the following "seven taboos" should be paid attention to in winter family fire prevention:
First, avoid fire caused by home appliance failure. When using electric stove, electric blanket, electric iron, etc. Fire caused by aging and frequent handling of wires must be avoided.
Second, avoid throwing cigarette butts and causing fires. "A cigarette can destroy a building." Don't throw cigarette butts around, especially in places like kitchens where there are many flammable substances.
Third, avoid setting off fireworks and firecrackers to cause fires. When setting off fireworks and firecrackers, we should master the correct discharge method, check and clean up the scene after discharge, and eliminate fire hazards.
Fourth, avoid fires caused by fires. It is forbidden to use flammable items such as gasoline, kerosene and alcohol for ignition in winter. Don't pile up flammable materials around the stove and don't bake clothes with heating equipment.
5. Avoid burning garbage to cause fire. There may be flammable and explosive substances in garbage, such as liquefied gas residue, glass bottles, firecrackers, waste liquid lighters, etc. Once it burns, it may explode.
6. Avoid fire caused by gas leakage. Once gas leakage is found, the gas valve and stove switch should be closed immediately, and the doors and windows should be opened. At this time, do not switch any electrical appliances or use the indoor telephone. If you find a gas leak in your neighbor's house, you should immediately knock on the door to inform you. Don't use the doorbell.
Seven, avoid not equipped with fire fighting equipment. Every family should be equipped with a small fire extinguisher. , every member should master how to use it. may you have a happy new year!
2. Winter fire prevention knowledge
Littering cigarette butts will cause a fire. It's windy and rainy in winter, cold and dry. In particular, we should be alert to fires caused by smoking. Littering cigarette butts is a bad habit of many smokers.
Smokers should consciously protect themselves and actively promote smoking ban in dormitories. Fire caused by electrical failure should be checked before use and maintained after use to avoid fire accidents caused by aging lines, disrepair or frequent handling of disconnection. It is forbidden to use kerosene stoves in the dormitory, and alcohol lamps are easy to burn.
How to make a fire alarm call? (1) After the fire alarm call is issued, the detailed address, community, street and house number of the fire unit, etc. It should be clearly stated; (2) It is necessary to find out what is on fire and the fire situation; (3) To distinguish between a bungalow and a building, it is best to distinguish the location of the fire, the burning substance and the burning situation; (4) The alarm person shall specify his name, unit and telephone number; (5) After the alarm, assign a special person to wait for the arrival of the fire truck at the intersection, and guide the fire truck to the scene of the fire, so as to arrive at the scene of the fire quickly and accurately. It is the responsibility of every citizen to call the police in time when a fire alarm is found.
The initial stage of fire is the most favorable time to put out the fire, with small fire area and low temperature. If a fire is found at this stage, as long as the opportunity is not lost, it can be put out with little manpower and fire extinguishing equipment, even a bucket of water and a fire extinguisher, and the fire loss is very small.
Therefore, attention should be paid to fire fighting in the early stage. What should I do if I catch fire when I escape? Never run after people catch fire, because the more you run, the more prosperous you will be.
This is because when people run, they accelerate air convection and promote combustion, and the fire will be more fierce. Running, not only can't put out the fire, but it will take the fire to other places, and it may also expand the fire, which is very dangerous.
Should: (1) Try to undress first, immerse in water or stamp it out with your feet; (2) If it is too late to undress, you can also lie on the ground and crush the flames on your body; (3) You can jump into nearby pools and ponds to put out the fire. If the burn area is large, do not jump into the water to prevent infection; (4) Don't spray the fire extinguisher directly on the burning person, because most fire extinguishers will cause burn wound infection. Smoke can prevent people from escaping mainly in the following aspects (1).
Although not all the components in smoke are toxic, non-toxic gases can also hinder people's breathing, reduce the concentration of oxygen in the air, and lead people to die of lack of oxygen. (2) Attenuation of flue gas.
The darkening of smoke means that smoke reduces people's visibility, makes people unable to escape from the fire quickly, and increases the possibility of poisoning and burns. (3) the horror of smoke.
Once a fire breaks out, especially after a plane crash, flames and smoke rush out of doors and windows, and the smoke billows and bears endure the fire, which makes people feel terrible, often leading to chaos in the evacuation process, which makes some people lose their normal activity ability, and some even lose their senses and fall into panic. How to use a wet towel to prevent smoking (1) depends on the texture of the towel. Generally, it is advisable to fold 8 layers of towels, so that the smoke concentration elimination rate can reach 60%.
(2) Towels don't need to be wet. (3) Cover your nose and mouth when using, and increase the area of smoke as much as possible.
How to call for help when people are trapped indoors in a fire? When a fire breaks out, the situation is complicated, people are trapped indoors, sometimes they don't know the surrounding fire situation and can't leave the fire for a while. Because the fire is fierce, the doors and windows are sealed, and the smoke is easily lost.
People were trapped in the building by the fire and called for help outside, which was difficult for outsiders to hear. Because the raging fire has formed a wall of fire, it is actually very difficult to call for help.
People trapped at this moment should keep calm, and people should lie on the ground and call for help. Because the fire rises along the airflow, in low places, combustible materials have been burned or unburned, and sound waves for help can be transmitted through these gaps.
In this way, it is easy for the outside world to hear the cry for help and rescue it in time. How to choose an evacuation room should pay attention to the following points (1), because it is convenient to observe the fire, and you can get in touch with rescuers through shouting and gestures, which is of great benefit to timely rescue.
(2) Choose a room with a balcony. (3) Choose a room that is easy to enter from the stairwell.
What if the computer is on fire? If the computer catches fire, even if the computer is turned off or even unplugged, the components in the computer are still very hot, and the flame will still come out of generate, producing toxic gas. Fluorescent screens and picture tubes may also explode. The countermeasures are as follows: when the computer starts to smoke or catch fire, immediately unplug the power plug or turn off the main switch, and then cover the computer with a wet blanket or quilt, which can not only prevent the spread of fireworks, but also block the glass fragments on the screen. Don't splash water on the burning computer, even if the power is turned off, because the sudden drop in temperature will burst the hot picture tube.
In addition, there is still residual current in the computer, and splashing water may get an electric shock. Don't open the lid to watch. When putting out the fire, you can only approach the computer from the side or back to prevent the explosion of the kinescope from hurting people.
How to pay attention to fire prevention when using power socket? There are multi-purpose triple sockets and quadruple sockets for power outlets, which are convenient to use and popular among students. However, when using this multi-purpose socket, we should pay attention to the bearing capacity of the power socket and not overload it to ensure safety.
The rated voltage and current are marked on the power socket, indicating the maximum voltage and current that the power socket can bear. The product of voltage and current is electric power in watts.
If several appliances are plugged in when using the multi-connection power socket, you should carefully calculate whether the power rate of the plugged appliances exceeds the rated power allowed by the multi-connection power socket. If it is lower than the rated power of the socket, it will be used safely. On the contrary, the total power of the electrical appliances used is greater than the rated power of the multi-connection socket, which is unsafe.
Because when the current passes through the metal conductor, the metal conductor will heat up, which is called the current thermal effect. When the current passes through the conductor, the greater the thermal effect, the greater the calorific value. When the current of various electrical appliances passes through multiple sockets, the greater the current, the higher the thermal effect. When the current exceeds the rated value, it will burn out the wires and sockets, and in serious cases, it will cause a fire.
So remember to use the power socket, not the small horse-drawn cart.
3. Winter safety knowledge 50 words
Some common sense of fire prevention and theft prevention in home safety.
"The weather is dry, beware of fire". The northern winter climate is dry, so fire prevention in winter is very important. I would like to remind you that volatile oils such as gasoline, alcohol and banana oil are easy to cause fires, so don't store them in large quantities at home.
In addition, the dirt and oil in the kitchen should be removed at any time. Special attention should be paid to the fume ventilation pipeline, and a barbed wire cover should be installed to reduce the grease from entering the ventilation pipeline. Kitchen walls, ceilings, stoves, etc. , fireproof materials should be used.
If the window is equipped with anti-theft net, a movable door should be left, and it should be opened when necessary to escape. Lock the windows at ordinary times to prevent thieves from entering.
Before going to bed and going out every day, check whether the appliances and gas at home are turned off and whether the open flame is extinguished. Read the instruction manual of the electrical appliance carefully and use it according to the instruction manual. Especially electric heaters, electric water heaters and other high-power appliances.
Make sure that the door is equipped with a security door chain and cannot be removed from the outside. Don't hide the key outside the door where you feel safe. If you want to leave home for a while, you should tidy up your newspapers and mailboxes to avoid being found that no one is at home for a long time. If you are not at home at night, leave the light indoors.
4. Winter campus fire prevention knowledge
Winter is dry, electricity consumption increases, and various fire-induced factors increase, which is prone to fire accidents, so we should be more vigilant. In order to effectively improve the fire safety knowledge of teachers and students and prevent unburned fires, we introduce some common sense of winter fire prevention to teachers and students.
How to prevent the occurrence of fire?
The key to fire prevention is to do a good job in fire prevention. As long as the fire laws and regulations are conscientiously implemented and the fire safety management regulations are consciously observed, the occurrence of fires can be effectively prevented.
(1) Fire prevention in student dormitory. In the dormitory, students should consciously abide by the dormitory safety management regulations, and don't pull wires indiscriminately; Do not use electric stoves, electric cups, rapid heating, rice cookers and other electrical appliances; Pay attention to the heat dissipation of heating parts when using lamps, chargers, computers and other electrical appliances; When there is no one indoors, turn off the power switch of the electrical appliance; Don't smoke or throw cigarette butts in bed; Don't light candles in the dormitory, use open flames and burn things.
(2) Fire prevention in classrooms, laboratories and teaching and research sections. When practicing or working in the laboratory and teaching and research section, you must strictly abide by various safety management regulations, safety operation procedures and related systems. Before using the instruments and equipment, carefully check the power supply, pipelines, fire sources and auxiliary instruments and equipment, carefully clean them after using them, turn off the power supply, fire sources, gas sources and water sources, and remove sundries and garbage. Especially when using inflammable and explosive dangerous goods, we should conscientiously implement the fire safety regulations. When you leave the laboratory halfway, you should cut off the power supply.
(3) Fire prevention in gymnasiums, lecture halls, dance halls and canteens. Be sure to abide by the fire safety system, and don't carry inflammable and explosive articles such as gasoline and alcohol. Smoking is not allowed in the non-smoking area, and cigarette butts and kindling are not discarded anywhere. The safe passage should also be kept clear.
Eight skills to escape from fire in winter
The winter climate is dry, which is a fire-prone period. In case of fire, you should keep calm and escape quickly. To this end, the Provincial Public Security Fire Bureau has specially issued the "Eight Tactics of Fire Escape".
The first trick: residents must pay attention to evacuation routes, safety exits, and the direction of stairs in order to escape as soon as possible.
The second measure: in case of sudden fire, keep calm, don't follow suit and run around. If the passage has been blocked by fireworks, leave the direction of fireworks.
The third measure: don't take care of valuables, waste time dressing up or looking for and carrying valuables.
The fourth measure: the fire is full of smoke. You can cover your nose and mouth with wet towels and masks and climb away.
The fifth measure: close the doors and windows facing the fire, and block the crack of the door with wet towels and wet cloth. Constantly drench the room with water and stick to the room waiting for rescue.
The sixth trick: try to stay in places that are easy to be found, such as balconies and windows. Shake clothes or knock things, and send out a distress signal.
Seventh measure: If there is a fire, take off your clothes quickly or roll around to put out the fire.
Eighth measure: When a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, you can quickly use ropes or simple life-saving ropes made by yourself such as sheets, curtains and clothes to escape.
5. Common sense of fire safety in winter
Avoid fires caused by household appliance failures. When using electric stove, electric blanket, electric iron, etc. Fire caused by aging and frequent handling of wires must be avoided.
Second, avoid throwing cigarette butts and causing fires. "A cigarette can destroy a building." Don't throw cigarette butts around, especially in places like kitchens where there are many flammable substances.
Third, avoid setting off fireworks and firecrackers to cause fires. When setting off fireworks and firecrackers, we should master the correct discharge method, check and clean up the scene after discharge, and eliminate fire hazards.
Fourth, keep warm without fire. It is forbidden to use flammable items such as gasoline, kerosene and alcohol for ignition in winter. Don't pile up flammable materials around the stove and don't bake clothes with heating equipment.
Five don't burn garbage to cause fire. There may be flammable and explosive substances in garbage, such as liquefied gas residue, glass bottles, firecrackers, waste liquid lighters, etc. Once it burns, it may explode.
Avoid fire caused by gas leakage. Once gas leakage is found, the gas valve and stove switch should be closed immediately, and the doors and windows should be opened. At this time, do not switch any electrical appliances or use the indoor telephone. If you find a gas leak in your neighbor's house, you should immediately knock on the door to inform you. Don't use the doorbell.
Seven bogeys are not equipped with fire fighting equipment. Every family should be equipped with a small fire extinguisher. , every member should master how to use it. Source: Examination University-Safety Engineer Examination
6. Little knowledge comes from fire
Recently, there have been frequent fires all over the world, from thousands of fires in Russian to strange fires in China. What are the unknown horror stories behind it? Below I list some fires reported in the news in the last two days.
165438+1October15th14th, scaffolding of a high-rise residential building in JIAOZHOU Road, Yuyao Road, Shanghai suddenly caught fire, killing 58 people and leaving more than 40 missing.
165438+1October 2 1 Sunday night, a fire broke out at No.36 Hongshe Road, Zhong Xuan Community, Xingang Street, Taijiang District, Fuzhou. The fire affected 39 doorplates, including 46 households and 7 households, with an area of about 1300 square meters and a building area of about 2,000 square meters.
165438+1At 8 o'clock in the morning of October 22, the kitchen of a hotel in Shenhe District of Shenyang caught fire, and hundreds of nearby residents were forced to move. A warehouse on Shenyang Cui Wen Road caught fire, and the reporter found that some fire exits were blocked at the scene.
Qingdao: A forest fire broke out in Zhu Xiao, Jiaonan on June165438+1October 2/KLOC-0, and a fire broke out in McDonnell Douglas shed on October 22/KLOC-0. There have been many fires in this city since winter.
165438+ 10/9 A fire broke out in a woven bag factory in Fucheng Town, Fengyang County, and the equipment and finished woven bags in the factory were burned. Fortunately, there were no casualties.
At about 5: 40 pm on the 23rd, a fire broke out on the 5th floor of Lujin Hotel, Haifu Road, Haikou, and the property and hotel staff rushed upstairs to put out the fire. Haikou Guoxing Fire Squadron heard the news and dispatched three fire engines to support it.
The south tower market is shrouded in smoke, and people outside the warning line are anxiously watching the development of the fire. 123 October 1 13 pm, a fire broke out on the first floor of the west side of a five-story warehouse behind building Cui Wen Road 103 in Shenhe District, and smoke filled the South Tower market for about 5 hours.
1 14 years 10 14 days, a fire broke out in the commercial street of the west campus of Guangxi University, which burned seven pavements.
165438+1October 24th A fire broke out in Fuli Yingtai Plaza, Zhujiang New Town, Tianhe District, Guangzhou this morning. Smoke billowed in the distance and several fire engines were rushing to the scene to put out the fire.
Xinhua Online Haihai165438+1October 24th, a fire broke out in a residential building in the seventh village of Taopu, Shanghai, killing two people.
Scientists have recently discovered that the frequency of fires in Alaska Arctic tundra will become higher and higher, and the degree of fires will become more and more serious. ...
According to the Maya's prediction, strange fires, floods and earthquakes will occur all over the world in 20 12 years. These disasters will last until February 22, 20 12, 12. On that day, all human beings on the earth will not see the sun rising the next day, that is, all human beings will be extinct. Are all the recent unusual disasters related to this prediction, or are they just coincidences? Is there really a terrible relationship between these disasters and Mayan predictions? . . .
Frequent fires and the frightening relationship between Mayan predictions and facts;
7. Little is known about fire prevention
Fire prevention tips 1. What tests should I do before going to bed and going out? Check whether the electricity and gas are turned off and whether the fireworks are extinguished.
Second, how to do the escape plan at home? 1, be familiar with the escape route of the floor where you live and be ready for rapid evacuation at any time. 2. On weekdays, simulate with your family in advance how to escape in case of fire and reach the agreed meeting place.
3, should be familiar with the fire fighting equipment in the floor and its use. Third, what fire safety should the kitchen pay attention to? 1, wear short sleeves or appropriate long sleeves when cooking to avoid burning clothes by fireworks.
When cooking, don't leave at will, and turn off the fireworks before you leave. Don't let the children play in the kitchen.
Fourth, what kind of public places should you try not to consume? 1. A place with only one entrance and exit. 2. It is located underground.
3. Places decorated with flammable materials. 4, fire safety equipment unqualified places.
5, fire damaged places. The following are the important reasons that affect your escape. Don't go to this public place to spend? 1. The security door is locked.
2. The security door that should normally be closed is always open. The safety door leading to the roof platform is locked.
4, safety ladder, channel (such as walking lang), stairs, etc. 6. For your own safety, what should you know first when you enter a strange place? 1, escape direction. 2, the location of the security door, ladder, and whether it is closed, whether it is locked.
3. Check the location of fire fighting and refuge equipment such as fire hydrants, descenders and life-saving kits. Seven, how to report the case after the disaster? 1. Stay calm and call 1 19.
2. State the detailed disaster location or nearby targets. 3. Briefly describe the disaster situation.
Leave your phone number and address for further contact. 8. What should I pay attention to in case of fire? 1, avoid panic, judge the fire source and escape in the opposite direction to the fire source.
Never use lifting equipment (elevator) to escape. Never go back to the house to get valuables.
4. When there is a fire at night, you should wake up the sleeping people first, don't just think about your own escape, but shout as loudly as possible to remind others to escape. Nine, how to deal with the fire in the oil pan when cooking? 1. Don't put out the fire with water.
2. Fire extinguishers can be used to put out fires. 3, you can cover the lid and then cover it with a wet towel to block the air to extinguish the fire.
4. Turn off the air switch quickly. 10. How to use the fire hydrant? 1. Open the fire hydrant box.
2. Extend the hose. 3. Open the water stop valve.
XI。 How to use dry powder fire extinguisher? 1. Pull the safety pin. 2. The hose faces the fire source.
3. Press the handle hard, choose the upwind position near the ignition point, and spray the dry powder into the flame base. 4. After quenching, cool with water to eliminate smoke.
12. What are the main points of using the descent control machine? 1. Take the descent control device out of the box. 2. Open the hook joint.
3, hanging on the fixed frame. 4. Put the safety rope under your armpit and fasten the harness on your chest.
5. Tighten the two ropes under the mediator. 6. Climb out of the window and face the wall.
7. Let go of your hands, open your arms, and be careful not to hit the wall when you fall. 8. Remove the safety rope immediately after descending.
9. Pull the rope to the top so that the next person can use it. Thirteen, how to avoid the danger of fire and smoke in escape? 1. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to breathe, and lower your posture to reduce smoke inhalation.
2. Cover your head with a transparent plastic bag filled with air where there is no smoke to avoid inhaling toxic smoke or gas. 3. If you pass through the flame area on the way to escape, you should first wet your clothes or wrap your body with wet quilts and blankets, and pass quickly to avoid fire.
4. In the smoky atmosphere, there is still surplus air available 30 cm from the ground, so you can escape with a low posture. When crawling, keep your palms, elbows and knees close to the ground and escape along the wall to avoid missing the direction. 5. In the process of fire escape, close all the doors behind you, which can slow down the spread of fire and smoke.
Fourteen, how to prevent smoke from coming in through the door after the fire? Block the door with adhesive tape or wet towels, sheets, clothes, etc. 15. What should I do if my clothes catch fire? It is best to take off or lie down on the spot, cover your face with your hands and roll over to put out the fire, or jump into the nearest pool to put out the fire.
Sixteen, if a fire is trapped indoors, how to put it out? 1, go to a place that is easy to be rescued (such as a window near the main road or a room near the door). ) .2. Try to inform people outside (tell 1 19 by phone or mobile phone where you are trapped, or call directly from the window with clothes and lights).
3. Prevent smoke from flowing in.