What foods are inedible after the earthquake? 1 No food can be eaten in the disaster area, except sealed cans. Dead livestock and aquatic products; Buried rotten vegetables and fruits; Foods of unknown origin and without clear food labels; Seriously moldy rice, wheat, corn, peanuts, etc. (The moldy rate is above 30%); Moldy food such as unknown mushrooms; After cooked food is processed, it is left at room temperature for 4 hours.
2 properly processed food, grain and food raw materials should be stored in a dry and ventilated place to avoid insects, rodents and mildew, and dry if necessary; For the treatment of moldy grain (the moldy rate is lower than 30%), methods such as fan blowing, clear water or muddy water floating can be used to remove moldy grain, and then washed repeatedly with clear water, or the moldy grain can be soaked in 5% lime water for 24 hours to reduce the moldy rate to about 4% before eating.
Do a good job in drinking water safety, select qualified water sources and protect them. When selecting well water, it is forbidden to set toilets, pigsty and other facilities that may pollute groundwater within 30m around the workover platform, well site, manhole cover and well, and set special buckets to draw water; Secondly, choose unpolluted mountain springs, streams and upstream water, and delimit the scope. It is strictly forbidden to discharge feces, dump sewage and garbage in this area. Finally, tap water supply pipes, pumping wells, etc. According to the situation, the centralized drinking water source water intake point must be managed by a special person. Treatment and disinfection of drinking water: drinking water should be clarified, filtered and disinfected before drinking.
Symptoms that may be caused after the earthquake (1) Intestinal infectious diseases, such as cholera, hepatitis A, typhoid fever, dysentery, infectious diarrhea, enteritis, etc.
(2) Insect-borne infectious diseases, such as Japanese encephalitis, kala-azar and malaria;
(3) zoonotic diseases and natural focus diseases, such as plague, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, anthrax and rabies;
(4) Infectious diseases caused by skin injury, such as tetanus and leptospirosis;
(5) Common infectious diseases, such as meningitis, measles, influenza and other respiratory infectious diseases.
Followed by food-borne diseases and drinking water safety.
(6) The houses collapsed after the earthquake, which made the grain and grain damp, moldy, rotten and deteriorated, and there was a potential danger of food poisoning;
(7) Because the water source and water supply facilities are damaged and polluted, there are hidden dangers of drinking water safety.
Prevention and control measures of infectious diseases after earthquake 1. Paying attention to drinking water and food hygiene is the key to prevent intestinal infectious diseases. Protect water sources, especially drinking water, from pollution. Sterilize drinking water with bleaching powder or refined bleaching powder tablets (water purification tablets). Pay attention to food hygiene. Don't drink raw water, wash your hands before and after meals, don't eat spoiled or damp and moldy food, don't eat dead livestock, don't rinse your mouth with dirty water or wash fruits and vegetables, boil dishes and chopsticks or disinfect them with disinfectant, strictly disinfect knives, chopping boards and rags, store raw and cooked foods separately, and cook aquatic products and seafood before eating. Pay attention to environmental hygiene and eliminate mosquitoes and flies. Do not defecate anywhere, add medicine to the cesspit to kill maggots, bury animal carcasses deeply, and add quicklime to disinfect and tamp the soil layer if possible. It is necessary to promptly remove garbage, dirt, disinfect the environment and manage feces and garbage.
2. Insect-borne infectious diseases actively prevent insect-borne infectious diseases such as Japanese encephalitis, malaria and kala-azar, implement the system of 24-hour duty and zero reporting on the epidemic network, control and manage the source of infection, regularly spray mosquito-killing drugs in livestock and poultry sheds, and isolate patients. Clean up sanitary corners, dredge sewers, spray disinfectants and pesticides, eliminate mosquito breeding grounds, reduce mosquito density and cut off transmission routes. Personal protection should be done to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes. When sleeping at night, hanging mosquito nets, sleeping outdoors at night or working in the field, exposed skin should be coated with mosquito repellent oil or used with mosquito repellent drugs. According to the monitoring trends of epidemic situation, the susceptible population should be vaccinated with Japanese encephalitis vaccine in time, and at the same time, the shortage of drugs such as antimony, pentamidine, pyrimethamine and primaquine should be well stocked, so that once kala-azar and malaria appear, they can be effectively treated.
3. Zoonomatosis and natural epidemic diseases should strengthen the monitoring of zoonoses, exchange information with animal husbandry and veterinary departments in a timely manner, effectively respond to the first epidemic, and prevent the occurrence or prevalence of plague, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, anthrax and other diseases. (1) Vigorously carry out environmental remediation activities focusing on rodent control, rodent prevention, insect control and mosquito control, and reduce the density of mosquitoes, insects and rodents; (2) Take good care of poultry and livestock. Pigs, dogs and chickens should be kept in captivity to avoid their feces polluting the environment and water sources. Pig and chicken manure should be fermented before use, and dead poultry and livestock should be disinfected and buried deeply; (3) Take care of the excreta toilet, and do not urinate anywhere. The patient's feces should be disinfected with lime or bleaching powder for centralized treatment; (4) Temporary accommodation and disaster relief tents should be built in high-lying, dry and sunny places, and rat ditches should be dug around them, and a certain slope should be maintained to facilitate drainage and keep the ground dry. Don't sleep on the floor when the bed is more than 2 feet from the ground, so as to reduce the chance of contact between people and media such as mice and mosquitoes; The fourth is to reserve plague vaccine, hemorrhagic fever vaccine and related drugs in case of emergency.
4 Prevent diseases transmitted through contact and soil from causing personal injuries due to earthquakes, house collapses, ground fissures, mountain collapses, river pollution and other reasons, and easily cause tetanus, leptospirosis and soil-borne diseases. For skin injuries caused by various reasons, it is necessary to inject tetanus antitoxin in time, debride and suture the wound, give effective anti-inflammatory and symptomatic treatment, and send it to the hospital for serious treatment, and educate the masses not to contact the soil directly.
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