Practical exploration on the innovation of talent training mode in vocational education

[Abstract] This paper discusses the trial implementation in secondary vocational schools? 1+2+3? The specific practical experience of the innovative mode of talent training is to promote the formation of students' professional ability, practical ability and entrepreneurial ability in an all-round way and promote their sustainable development with the improvement of students' skills as the starting point and the cultivation of students' ideological quality and humanistic quality as the main line.

[Paper Keywords] innovative practice of talent training mode

For secondary vocational schools, training meets the development needs? Applied, skilled and creative? Technical talents are related to the survival and development of the school. Therefore, how to cultivate excellent secondary technical talents welcomed by employers is the focus of all vocational schools. Shaoxing Vocational Education Center of Zhejiang Province put forward the following proposal in the process of establishing a model school for the reform and development of secondary vocational education. Being upright and skilled? The overall goal of talent training is to promote the cultivation and improvement of students' innovative and entrepreneurial ability with the breakthrough of students' moral quality education and the improvement of students' skill level, and actively explore and practice it? 1+2+3? A new mode of talent training.

first,? 1+2+3? The framework of talent training mode

What is the orientation of Shaoxing Vocational Education Center? People-oriented, moral education, employment, and further education? . On this basis, the school has established? 1+2+3? The basic idea of talent training mode is:? 1? It refers to the improvement of skills, the reform of professional courses, the implementation of modular curriculum reform, and the promotion of students' skills in the school as the main starting point? Double certificate system? Assessment system; ? 2? Refers to the cultivation of ideological and moral quality and humanistic quality, which is built in the school? Strict? Live? Love? Ecological moral education system to improve students' comprehensive quality; ? 3? It refers to cultivating students' professional ability, practical ability and entrepreneurial ability, and laying a solid foundation for students to successfully realize zero transition docking with employment. In a nutshell,? 1+2+3? The talent training mode is to improve students' skills and cultivate students' ideological and moral quality and humanistic quality, so as to comprehensively promote the formation of students' professional ability, practical ability and entrepreneurial ability and promote their sustainable development. ? 1+2+3? The core of talent training mode is the construction of professional courses, the key is the reform of practical teaching, and the innovation carrier is the establishment of entrepreneurial mode, thus making the training objectives of secondary vocational schools more clear, the training process more standardized, and the curriculum system more in line with the needs of economic and social development.

second,? 1+2+3? The implementation process of talent training mode

1. Build a moral quality system. School advocacy? There is always moral education, and everyone pays attention to moral education? The concept of moral education for all staff, put? Learn to be a man, cultivate one's morality, and grow up? As the goal of moral education, it has been constructed. Strict and loving, living and orderly? Ecological moral education responsibility chain, all-round education students to form good moral quality and humanistic quality.

first,? Strict? Word system: strict, strict and not sparse. Strict system management. The responsibility system of moral education for teaching staff and offices has been established, the objectives and priorities of moral education have been defined in stages and at different levels, and the achievements of moral education have been fed back in time to implement moral education. The quantitative assessment method of moral education work and the ideological and moral assessment system of students under the school district management system were implemented, and the moral education assessment inquiry system was established to facilitate the inquiry of school districts, classes and parents. At the same time, the formation of students' moral quality is monitored throughout the process. First of all, establish student growth and? Backward students? Teaching assistance files, including basic information, students' rewards and punishments, quality development, the relationship between teachers and students and enterprises, and other five branches, collect information from teachers, students, classmates and parents by recording students' various behaviors, learning processes and achievements, and reflect students' progress, efforts, self-reflection ability and their final development level in learning, life and thought. Secondly, strengthen the management and supervision of students' daily behavior. The school strictly controls the leave, standardizes the leave procedures, and forms five competition inspection modes: duty week, spot check by moral education department and assessment of student cadres, which effectively strengthens the management of weekends and holidays, keeps abreast of students' ideological trends, and eliminates serious violations of discipline and safety accidents. Since the beginning of this semester, the school has proposed? Etiquette school? We have established etiquette norms, and students have gradually formed good etiquette habits to help them grow into civilized, polite and high-quality secondary vocational students.

second,? Love? Word system: caring for students and moistening things silently. Moral education is carried out at different levels, using various positions, such as party schools, youth league schools and student cadres? Four-self education? Training courses for outstanding students. Established? Special students? Basic information base, do a good job of tracking data summary. Implement? Moral tutorial system? , according to the students? Ideological guidance, guidance, life guidance, academic counseling? At the request of the teacher in charge, the moral education instructor assisted the class teacher? Three poor students? The transformation of work, * * * with concern about the growth of problem students. School more than 61 party member and? Three poor students? Helping and pairing, many successful examples of helping the poor have emerged. A male student in the construction class in 2118 was free and loose from the moment he entered the school, and repeatedly violated the school rules and regulations. After pairing with the moral education tutor, he made great progress in all aspects and greatly improved his behavior norms. The initial education has its own characteristics, which was carried out at the beginning of freshmen's enrollment? Love yourself, love your major and love your school? Starting-up education for freshmen with the theme is to help freshmen set up correct values, outlook on life and goals in terms of adaptability education, road to success education, professional ideological education, ideals and beliefs education, etc. Freshmen generally reflect that the initial education is very timely and important, which helps them to get rid of their confusion after entering vocational schools and enriches their independent life after leaving home with a little emptiness and helplessness. A network of moral education combining school, family and community has been constructed, and moral education has formed a joint force.

third? Live? Word system: enriching forms and educating people through activities. Enrich the carrier of activities and lead students to grow. Every year, the campus festival and the exhibition month of community achievements are held to show students' youthful vitality and charm of vocational education culture, create a positive and educational atmosphere, and further promote the construction of humanistic campus and harmonious campus. Carry out theme series activities, and carefully organize monthly theme series activities that are popular and well received by students in combination with the anniversary, such as May? The chapter of May? Theme month activity, June is? Set sail in June? Series theme activity month. Give full play to the functions of theme class meetings inside and outside the school and organize them? Model theme class meeting month? Activities, drive to strengthen the class collective construction work. The demonstration theme class meeting attracted many class teachers and students to observe and play a good educational effect. Give all your love, carefully educate the first batch of secondary vocational students from Sichuan disaster areas to study in our school, and build a warm home for the students in the disaster areas. Through a variety of activities, students feel the warmth of the school as home, and are full of gratitude and affection for the school and teachers.

2. Build a professional curriculum system. The school mainly carries out curriculum reform and promotion in the aspects of professional curriculum structure and curriculum implementation? Curriculum+core curriculum+teaching project? A new model of specialized courses is designed to build a new system of specialized courses.

first, vigorously promote the pace of curriculum reform. The idea of establishing the curriculum structure is: on the basis of meeting the demand for talents from industries and enterprises, and based on career, determine the reform direction of professional courses; Taking industry requirements as the main line, determine? Core courses? Frame structure of; Taking the post task as the goal, are you sure? Core skills? Name of species; Based on core skills, determine? Core courses? The specific settings; Based on professional ability, determine? Core courses? The specific content; Based on the qualification, determine? Core courses? Evaluation index of. In the interdisciplinary construction of the core curriculum system, the school has streamlined the traditional teaching categories, integrated disciplines that are close to each other in the work field, and at the same time confirmed? Core courses? The design of teaching project is regarded as a very important step. Because? Teaching project? The design aims to serve the effective connection between professional teaching and job tasks, so we always position it in decomposing and transforming the components of job tasks in design ideas. Mechanical and electrical integration major is to establish teaching projects within the scope of this core course, and finally there are nearly 111 teaching projects superimposed. Travel service major is to establish more than 51 teaching projects within the scope of integrating all public courses and core courses. What are the professional curriculum structures of all majors except the pilot major? Module training course? With? Main courses of skill-based majors? The teaching content of the two major parts is also determined by the job tasks; Especially? Module training course? Is it through intensive skill training that the effectiveness between skill training and professional ability can be achieved? Docking? . In the aspect of curriculum implementation, we should attach importance to the formulation of curriculum teaching standards, the construction of new teaching methods, the effective school-based teaching and research, the better implementation and improvement of the credit system and the practical strengthening of school-based curriculum construction. After two years of exploration and practice, a number of high-quality and high-level school-based textbooks have been released. At present, 36 school-based textbooks have been compiled and are being used in curriculum teaching, and 83 courses (elective courses) have been offered. The design of these textbooks and courses pays more attention to professional skills and learning conditions, and has achieved ideal results in practical teaching.

second, innovative skills training mode. The goal of skill teaching is clear, and attention should be paid to the professional skill training and cultivation in the usual teaching process. First, according to the national vocational qualification standards and the goal-oriented professional construction, the requirements for skills reaching the standard in stages should be revised, so that the grading standards of skills reaching the standard are more in line with students' reality; The second is to strengthen the classroom management of professional practice courses and effectively improve the classroom teaching efficiency of skills courses. The skill level of students has improved rapidly. On the basis that all students have passed the primary appraisal, the passing rate of intermediate workers has reached more than 95%, and many majors have reached 111%. The skills training system is strict, and the selection mechanism, training mechanism and reward mechanism of skills competition are improved. Teachers and students participating in the competition, competition tutors are selected, a competition echelon is formed, and the project leader is determined. Make the skill competition team stable, and form a team as soon as you receive the task and immediately put it into training. Reduce the workload, ensure training time, increase investment, and encourage teachers and students to actively participate in various skill competitions at all levels. The skill competition presents a gratifying situation of blooming flowers and comprehensive harvest.

Third, establish a quasi-vocational training system. First of all, increase the investment and construction of professional facilities and equipment, and establish advanced on-campus training bases for students. In 2119, the investment in professional facilities and equipment reached 2.72 million yuan, and various professional equipment was added. At the same time, strengthen the management of training workshops, improve the utilization rate of professional facilities and equipment, and make professional training venues really play a role in cultivating students' professional skills. Secondly, establish a number of off-campus practice bases, carry out multi-faceted cooperation with enterprises, and establish a long-term quasi-vocational training system for students inside and outside the school through cooperation modes such as probation and post-placement, so that students can have more opportunities to practice and practice in the workshop or simulation, and truly achieve? Doing middle school? , consolidate professional skills, and achieve seamless docking with positions and requirements.

3. Build an entrepreneurial practice system. According to? Applied and innovative? The demand of talent training, and gradually establish the entrepreneurship education system for secondary vocational students.

first, create an entrepreneurial atmosphere. Use the school newspaper, radio station, publicity window and other carriers to strengthen entrepreneurship propaganda, especially to publicize the typical entrepreneurship, set an example for students to learn and stimulate their enthusiasm for entrepreneurship. Open a lecture hall on entrepreneurship, make full use of the advanced resources of industry experts, increase the publicity of typical entrepreneurship, interpret the connotation of entrepreneurial innovation spirit, help students establish entrepreneurial ideas, and cultivate a strong sense of professionalism and responsibility. Create a good entrepreneurial atmosphere in the school through various activities, such as inviting outstanding graduates to come to the school to present their views and give lectures to students; On campus? Star of entrepreneurship? Selection activities to enhance students' entrepreneurial self-confidence and cultivate students' pioneering spirit.

second, start a business class. Attach importance to the construction of entrepreneurship education courses, bring entrepreneurship courses into the scope of credit system management, and offer entrepreneurship education elective courses in grade one, focusing on explaining theories and cases; In the second grade, the simulated practice course of entrepreneurship education was set up to serve the employment. Select excellent teachers in related disciplines to learn the systematic experience of entrepreneurship education, and establish a special team of entrepreneurship education teachers to ensure the quality of entrepreneurship classes. It is also necessary to select the course content of entrepreneurship education, and on the basis of drawing lessons from the experience of compiling adjacent disciplines, introduce school-based teaching materials that meet the needs of majors and students, so as to make entrepreneurship education more effective.

third, carry out entrepreneurial practice activities. The school set up a leading group for entrepreneurship education, set up a venture fund, set up a venture base in the school, open it to students, and provide software and hardware protection. Let students carry out business simulation activities, such as book trading, weekend flea market, online shop, sewing shop, lattice shop, etc. In particular, it is necessary to set up entrepreneurial education practice activities closely integrated with majors, such as catering students entering the community to set up food processing points; Professional students set up micro-tourism companies to organize and explain the outings of faculty and classes; Professional students contract the school printing room and undertake the school printing work. Students can not only consolidate their professional knowledge and skills in entrepreneurial practice, but also try to be happy with success. They can also personally understand the requirements of the post for the quality of talents, and cultivate the spirit of hard work and the ability to withstand setbacks.

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