In our daily life, we often drink beer, wine and white wine. The source, brewing technology and alcohol content of all kinds of wines are different. Alcohol usually refers to the percentage of alcohol content in wine (by volume), such as Beijing beer with 5.4% alcohol and wine with about11-kloc-0/6% alcohol, which is usually called11-kloc-0/6%.
Article 7 of the Dietary Guidelines for China Residents is "Those who drink alcohol should be limited", and there is a paragraph explaining the harm of excessive drinking. Drinking a small amount of low-alcohol wine is not necessarily harmful, but drinking too much or even drinking too much is definitely harmful. So what can I drink? How to limit alcohol consumption?
A large number of data in epidemiological studies show that if the daily alcohol consumption does not exceed 24 grams of ethanol, which is equivalent to 540 ml of beer, 200 ml of fruit wine and 60 ml of 40-degree liquor, the risk will be reduced.
Long-term drinking will lead to a variety of nutrient deficiencies in the body. Wine is one of the foods with pure heat energy. Can be decomposed in the body to produce energy. However, it does not contain any nutrients. Excessive drinking first reduces the intake of other foods containing many important nutrients (such as protein, vitamins and minerals). Secondly, it can reduce appetite, reduce food intake, and damage intestinal mucosa for a long time, affecting intestinal absorption of nutrients, which can lead to a variety of nutritional deficiencies.
The alcohol in wine has a direct toxic effect on the tissues and organs of the body, and the organ most sensitive to alcohol is the liver. Excessive drinking will damage liver cells and interfere with the normal metabolism of the liver, which will lead to alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis.
Excessive drinking affects fat metabolism. Ethanol slows down the oxidation of fatty acids, which may be beneficial to the storage of dietary lipids, increase the synthesis of liver fat, increase the content of triglycerides in serum and increase the possibility of triglycerides.
In addition, population epidemiological studies show that long-term excessive drinking will increase the risk of hypertension and stroke. Alcoholism can also lead to violent accidents and endanger personal health and social security.
Recently, people often talk about the beneficial effects of fruit wine. A report in France found that the incidence of coronary heart disease in some drinking areas is lower than that in other areas. However, the reduction of the risk of heart disease cannot be attributed to some ingredients in red wine, because in areas with high consumption of French red wine, vegetables and fruits are also consumed more, and their antioxidant capacity is higher. These data show that the lifestyle of people who drink fruit wine (such as less smoking and high consumption of vegetables and fruits) leads to a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular disease.
To sum up, drinking alcohol has advantages and disadvantages to human health. Drinking a small amount of low-alcohol wine has certain benefits, but drinking a large amount for a long time is harmful. Especially teenagers and pregnant women. Teenagers are in the stage of growth and development and are more sensitive to the harm of alcohol. So teenagers can't drink. The harm of alcohol to pregnant women affects fetal development and even induces fetal congenital malformation, so pregnant women are absolutely forbidden to drink alcohol.