Mainly if a series of ways are adopted, the components in the garbage can be separated and then recycled. On the one hand, this method makes the best use of everything, on the other hand, it minimizes the possible pollution caused by garbage. However, due to its high cost, most countries do not adopt this method except a few developed countries.
2. The crushing straight row method
As early as the 1940s, the United States has successfully developed a personal household food waste processor. The specific principle is to break the food waste packed in the liner with a high-speed blade, and then flush the mixture into the sewer, thus solving the problem of residents discarding and storing kitchen waste. At the same time, Japan has long developed kitchen waste processors, and some even equipped with ozone deodorizers to remove all kinds of odors generated by kitchen waste.
3. Landfill method
The landfill treatment of kitchen waste is an anaerobic digestion treatment method, which can decompose organic matter into CH4 and completely dispose of the waste. This technology is convenient and will not leave the problem of residue treatment. However, although this method can deal with kitchen waste well, its purpose is to eliminate waste and cannot realize the recycling of kitchen waste.
4. Anaerobic treatment
Because kitchen waste contains all kinds of animal meat, if it is used as feed, cannibalism can easily lead to foot-and-mouth disease and various diseases, which will infect human beings and cause harm; Because of the high water content in landfill, it is easy to produce a lot of leachate and pollute groundwater; When making fertilizer, the smell is overflowing in the production process, which affects the surrounding environment; Anaerobic treatment can produce a large amount of biogas. Biogas is a clean and renewable energy source, which can be used for power generation and fuel, and because the system is completely closed, there is no smell.
5. Microbial treatment
That is, the process of decomposing and utilizing the organic matter in kitchen waste through the metabolic growth activities of microorganisms. Fermentation methods mainly include solid fermentation and liquid fermentation. Because solid-state fermentation has the characteristics of low energy consumption, short cycle and high yield, solid-state fermentation is often used now. Solid state fermentation can be divided into single strain solid state fermentation and mixed strain solid state fermentation. At present, mixed bacteria solid-state fermentation technology is mostly used: that is, kitchen waste is fermented by two or more bacteria to produce a large number of cellulose-degraded fibers, and at the same time, single-cell bacterial protein is synthesized by making full use of nutrients such as carbon source and nitrogen source to improve the nutritional value of protein feed. Solid-state fermentation has the advantages of good palatability, high protein digestion and absorption rate, and at the same time, it also avoids the problems of incomplete utilization of nutrients in traditional kitchen waste. Reuse of bio-protein feed resources from kitchen waste is an important method. Therefore, microbial treatment of kitchen waste is the future development direction.
6. Composting method
Kitchen waste is rich in organic matter, high in nutrient elements and reasonable in carbon-nitrogen ratio, which is suitable for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms and is a good raw material for production. The basic technology of kitchen waste composting can be divided into anaerobic fermentation composting and aerobic fermentation digestion. Among them, thermophilic aerobic composting is a commonly used method at present, which can complete the ripening process of material composting in a short time. The high temperature produced during composting can obviously inhibit harmful bacteria.
7. Kitchen garbage disposal equipment
The basic principle of kitchen waste treatment equipment is to separate classified organic waste (such as fruits and vegetables, vegetable leaves, vegetable roots, food residues, chicken, duck and fish waste, shrimp and crab shells, eggshells, bones and feet, etc.). ) It can be rapidly decomposed by a variety of enzymes produced by microbial degradation bacteria, and even the refractory wastes that are difficult to treat have a good decomposition effect. After setting the operation parameters, it can run automatically for 24 hours. 90% of organic waste is metabolized into steam and releases bio-thermal energy within 12-24 hours. 10% solid discharge can also be used as organic fertilizer for fruit and vegetable cultivation. The whole treatment process has no pollution and no secondary pollution. In line with the national principle of "reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization" in on-site garbage disposal. Kitchen waste treatment equipment is suitable for hotels, hotels, restaurants, residential quarters, vegetable markets, food processing plants, airports and ships and other places that produce organic waste.