Jia Hu bone flute No.65438 +0: Neolithic, 23. 1 cm long, with seven holes; Wuyang County 1987 Jiahu Site Unearthed. Jiahu site, dating from 7800 to 9000 years ago, is the most abundant prehistoric settlement site in the same period. More than 30 bone flutes made of ulna of red-crowned crane were unearthed. There are two, five, six, seven and eight flute holes, most of which are seven holes. Jia Hu bone flute is the earliest musical instrument unearthed in China at present, and it is also the earliest musical instrument that can be played in the world. Its excavation rewrote the history of pre-Qin music and even the whole history of China music. It is said that bone flute can also play very complicated music. Every time I see this flute, I think of "Ge Zhile in the past, when three people fuck oxtail, their mouths are full of songs" in Lv Chunqiu. In my imagination, this primitive farmhouse must be in tune with the rhythm of the bone flute. I can't help but want to hold it in my hand through the glass, but I can only brag.
No.2 Fang Ding, Ling Du: In the early Shang Dynasty, it was 87 cm high, with a mouth of 6 1 cm and a weight of 64.25 kg-this weight, I think I can carry it; Unearthed from the cellar of Zhangzhai South Street in Zhengzhou City 1974. Ling Du Fang Ding is a heavyweight bronze tripod with the earliest age, the largest volume, the most perfect casting and the most complete preservation. Therefore, it is not only an ordinary bronze ware in the early Shang Dynasty, but also the first bronze civilization monument created by China and even the world in the human bronze age. Among the bronze ritual vessels found in China, Fang Ding, Ling Du was also the first one decorated with gluttonous patterns and nipple patterns. I don't know why, the sign displayed by Shengbo is "Fang Ding with bronze on the surface of an animal's chest nail", so I asked the security guard to confirm it. Just like Simuwu Dafang Ding has long been established, I have always rejected the name "stepmother Wu" psychologically. I think at least, it should be marked with "former name"
No.3 Fu Zun: in the late Shang Dynasty, it was 45.9 cm high, with a caliber of 16.4 cm and a weight of 16 kg; Unearthed from Fu Hao's Tomb in Anyang Yin Ruins 1976. Fu Hao's tomb is the only tomb of Shang royal family that has never been excavated in Yin Ruins, and it is also the earliest tomb that can accurately determine the owner's identity in China so far. An owl is an owl, which was called the God of War in ancient China. Unlike owls, the latter is a general term for birds flying at night. Its tail pokes on the ground, just like its claws, which is impossible in reality. The craftsman's creativity highlights his kingly demeanor and is vivid and vivid. There are owls in Shanxi Museum. In contrast, the golden owl is cute and arrogant. As the layman guessed, the "state affairs" in the era of women's love were typical "worshipping the army".
Iron Sword with Jade Handle No.4: Late Western Zhou Dynasty, with a total length of 34.2 cm, including 22 cm body and 12.2 cm hilt; 1990 Ji Guo's Tomb Unearthed from the Guo Cemetery in Sanmenxia. The excavation of this sword has pushed the history of iron smelting in China forward for nearly 200 years, so it is called "the first sword of China". Archaeology divides the long human society into three stages: the Stone Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age, which correspond to the three social forms of primitive society, slave society and feudal society in history. This sword has a jade handle, a copper core and an iron body, which combines yesterday, today and tomorrow. Its discovery indicates that the iron ware, as a new representative of social productive forces, has sprouted, indicating that the Bronze Age in China is coming to an end and the Iron Age is coming. Unfortunately, iron rusts easily and the jade handle has fallen off. The so-called "repairing the old as the old" is to show people such an ugly look.
Lotus Crane Square Pot No.5: In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was 120cm high, 3 1cm in diameter and 64.28kg in weight, and was unearthed in Lijialou Village, Chengguan, Xinzheng 1932. It is with these "Gong Zheng Qi Yi" that Feng Yuxiang ordered the opening of a feudal museum for the purpose of saving the World Expo. Some scholars said: "This pot is full of strange traditional patterns, which gives people a nameless oppression and can almost suffocate. It is an example of arranging lotus petals on the second floor around the lid of the pot and taking plants as patterns. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was only seen in other parts of the country. In the middle of lotus petals, a fresh and elegant white crane is re-erected, spreading its wings and singing its beak. This is the time when the early Spring and Autumn Period came out from the semi-mythological era of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, and all social conditions and spiritual culture were faithfully displayed. China's artistic aesthetics was based on the real nature more than one hundred years before Confucius, highlighting the vivid and natural image and becoming an independent expression, leaving decorations, patterns and patterns at his feet. Hehe, there is a handicraft in my study that has been reduced by 10 times, so small that it has no momentum.
Moire copper plate No.6: In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was 28.8 cm high, 103 cm long, 46 cm wide and weighed 94.2 kg; 1978 Tomb No.2 of Sixia in Xichuan was unearthed. These seemingly coffee table boxes are wine containers, which began in the early Western Zhou Dynasty and ended in the Warring States Period. It was called "Prohibition of Alcohol" because Zhou Wenwang believed that Xia and Shang Dynasties all perished because of the indulgence of monarchs, so he promulgated the earliest prohibition of alcohol in China. It is said that there are only three "Prohibition Orders" left, and the other two are in new york Museum and Tianjin History Museum. The whole object was cast by lost wax method. According to documents, Tang Yaohui in the early Tang Dynasty was the first to use the lost wax process in China, saying that Kaiyuan Bao Tong was cast by the lost wax method during the Wude period of Emperor Gaozu. Therefore, it is generally believed that the wax loss process in China originated from India. The birth of this ban pushed forward the history of lost wax casting in China 1 100-the owner of the tomb was his son Geng, who died in 552 BC, so the casting age should not be later than this year. Therefore, academic circles believe that this technology was quite mature in China at least 2,500 years ago. It is not imported, but one of the three traditional casting techniques inherent in China.
By the way, among the nine treasures of jade and silk, bronze ranks fourth, and they all have legendary life experiences of ups and downs. At that time, Fang Ding, Fu Zun and United Square Pot were all in pairs. For various unspeakable reasons, a tripod and a statue are now hidden in Guo Bo, and a pot is now hidden in the Forbidden City in Beijing. Due to the technology at that time, its height was slightly different. Some schoolmates don't know why they asked me, "Which one is true?" ? The advent of moire copper ban is a loner, and it is said that Haruko Santhousands of feet, who is eyeing up, is eyeing up. Some people say that Henan people are "not smart enough, but simple enough", so they offered a group of five lost wax bronzes as "hush money" to dispel their thoughts. What's this called?
No.7 Four Gods Cloud and Gas Map: In the early Western Han Dynasty, the length from north to south was 5.14m, and the width from east to west was 3.27m, with an area of16.8m; 1987, Shiyuan Tomb was unearthed in Mangdang Mountain, Yongcheng. This is a mural of the tomb under Wang Mai, the son of the Western Han Dynasty. "Lapras is clumsy and tall." In the decorative painting, the four gods, Qinglong, Suzaku, White Tiger and Monster, roam the sky against the backdrop of Xiangyun, Lotus and Ganoderma lucidum, full of movement. This mural is not only the earliest, largest, highest-level and most well-preserved mural seen in China at present, but also a magnificent epic bearing Chinese immortal thoughts in the early Western Han Dynasty, so it is known as "Dunhuang before Dunhuang".
It may be due to intentional dimming. This mural has a dark background and no low beam lighting, so the effect is very dim. We had to use "Meitu Xiu Xiu" to fill the light and enhance the saturation, but the shock was greatly reduced. If I plan it, I'd rather spread it on the ceiling.
No.8 Wu Zhao Golden Bamboo Slip: in the early Tang Dynasty, it was 36.2 cm long, 8 cm wide, 0. 1 cm thick and weighed 223.5 g; 1982, Ji Junfeng of Songshan Mountain in Zhongyue was unearthed. Chinese emperors sacrificed and worshipped the famous mountains in China for the country, the people and the immortals. It is the bounden duty of the son of heaven to communicate with heaven. Burying bamboo slips and books engraved with the heart of the son of heaven was once an important content of sacrifice and meditation activities. Bamboo slips and books presented to the sky are the "private words" of the emperor and the emperor, and are the "top secret" of the country. Because of this, it was hidden at that time and it was difficult for future generations to find it. Historians have no access to information and ancient books have not been compiled. However, this ancient and mysterious door of "the connection between man and nature" was opened by the unexpected discovery of a herbalist named Qu in Dengfeng County. The book says,' Lord Zhou, love the truth and be immortal. "I want to worship the high mountain gate of Zhongyue Song Dynasty and throw gold paper, asking the three governments and nine houses to forgive Wu Zhao." Tai sui boxer Shen Jiashuo Jia Yin on July 7, the ambassador Hu Chao kowtowed and bowed again. "The outline of the double profile is carved, and a few words were created by Wu Zetian herself.
It is said that some cultural relics dealers used bundles of RMB to force Lao Qu to buy it, but the farmer resolutely donated it to the country and won the 500 yuan Prize. Hehe, I also have a copy of this kind of golden bamboo slips in my study, which is quite exquisite.
The blue glaze carved goose neck bottle of No.9 Ruguan kiln: in the late Northern Song Dynasty, it was 19.6 cm high, 5.8 cm in diameter and 8.4 cm in foot diameter; 1987 Unearthed at Ruyao Site of Liang Qing Temple in Baofeng. Ruguan Kiln is a royal kiln, which has only been burned in Hui Zong for about 20 years. After Jingkang, it stopped burning, the kiln mouth disappeared, and the technology was lost. According to documents, Ru kiln has the saying that "sky blue is precious, pink is precious, and sky blue is precious". The formation of azure glaze is mainly due to the perfect kiln position and temperature in the firing process, so the yield is extremely low and rarely handed down. There are only 74 official statistics handed down from Ru Ci, of which 2 1, 1 5,8 are in the Palace Museum, and only1is a cow like Guo Bo. 25 overseas collections. It is said that when a farmer's sweet potato cellar collapsed, he found a "treasure". This is the only complete azure glaze unearthed in the archaeological excavation of this site, which can be described as a rare treasure and unparalleled. Although it was not circulated in an orderly manner, it was a rock-breaking event.
The provincial museum has more than 6.5438+0.7 million sets of cultural relics, especially prehistoric cultural relics, Shang and Zhou bronzes, ceramics, jade articles and stone carvings. Among them, there are more than 5,000 national first-class and second-class cultural relics, and some of them can be called "heavy weapons of the country". Such a place is worth coming again. I believe there will be something new every time I come. Zhengzhou mutton Huimian Noodles, Hu spicy soup, steamed stuffed bun, Schizonepeta and other special foods are all delicious and not expensive.