Lu Xun (1881-1936) was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. China is a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary. Lu Xun's original name was Zhou Shuren, whose name was Zhang Shou, whose name was Yu Cai; "Lu Xun" is a pseudonym he used after he joined the May 4th Movement. Because of its growing influence, people used to call it Lu Xun.

Lu Xun, born in a feudal scholar-bureaucrat family in Fangkou, Duchang, Shaoxing on September 25th, 1882, was enlightened at the age of 7, and studied in three pools mirroring the moon at the age of 12. He was diligent, inquisitive, knowledgeable and memorized, and enjoyed reading unofficial history's notes and folk literature books after school, which made him interested in painting art and laid a solid cultural foundation. He is not confined to the four books and five classics, but seeks extracurricular reading materials in many ways and tries to master historical and cultural knowledge. Shaoxing's long history and splendid culture, especially the moral articles of many Vietnamese and Chinese sages, have greatly influenced and influenced Lu Xun's thoughts. When Lu Xun was a teenager, his grandfather was imprisoned because of the imperial examination case, his father died, and his family's fortune fell from then on. Lu Xun changed from the eldest son of a feudal scholar-bureaucrat family to a ruined child. The family suffered a series of major changes, which made the young Lu Xun suffer from the cold and warm world and the cold world, saw the "true face of the world" and realized the decay and decline of feudal society. Lu Rui, the mother of Lu Xun, the daughter of a farmer, has a noble character and has a great influence on Lu Xun.

in the spring of p>1898, Lu Xun left his hometown, filled with new hopes in life, and was admitted to Nanjing Jiangnan Naval Academy. The following year, he was dissatisfied with the school's "cigar smoke" and changed to the Mining and Railway School attached to Jiangnan Lushi Academy. He had extensive contact with western natural science and social science, read The Times and The Theory of Evolution, and was deeply influenced by the reform trend of thought and the theory of evolution, and initially formed a social development view that "the future will win over the past, and the young will win over the old".

in p>1912, Lu Xun graduated with honors and was sent by the government to study in Japan. He first entered Hongwen College in Tokyo to study Japanese, and then entered Sendai Medical College to study medicine. Deeply influenced by the wave of bourgeois democratic revolution, I actively participated in the torrent of anti-Qing revolution. After school, I made an oath of "I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood". In 1916, facing the facts, Lu Xun felt the weakness of his compatriots at home and realized the importance of changing the national character. He resolutely abandoned medicine and took a decisive step on the road of life, choosing literature and art and using pen as his fighting weapon to save the country and the people. He participated in the preparation of the literary magazine "New Life" and wrote important early papers such as History of Man, Teaching of History of Science, Theory of Cultural Deviation and Theory of Moro Poetry. Lu Xun believes that China's serious problem lies in people, not things; It lies in spirit, not in matter; It lies in personality, not "people"; To "establish a country", we must first "establish a person", and the key to "establish a person" lies in the awakening of personality and the excitement of spirit.

On the eve of the Revolution of 1911, Lu Xun returned to the motherland. He first taught in Zhejiang Normal School in Hangzhou as a teacher of chemistry and physiology, and then returned to his hometown of Shaoxing, where he served as a supervisor and natural history teacher of Shaoxing Fu Middle School and a supervisor (principal) of Shanhui Primary Normal School. On the one hand, he taught and educated young people, on the other hand, he actively participated in the Revolution of 1911. He led the literary group Yueshe in his hometown and supported the establishment of Yueduo Daily. At the beginning of 1912, at the invitation of Cai Yuanpei, the chief of education, Lu Xun went to work in the Ministry of Education of Nanjing Provisional Government. Soon after, he moved to Beijing with the Ministry of Education as the head of the first section of the Department of Social Education. At the same time, he was successively employed as a part-time lecturer in some colleges and universities such as Peking University, Beijing Normal University and Beijing Women's Normal University.

After the victory of the October Revolution in Russia, Lu Xun was deeply encouraged. Together with Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu and many other advanced intellectuals at that time, he wrote articles and ran magazines, which opened the prelude to the May 4th Movement in China. He stood in the forefront of anti-imperialism and feudalism, actively advocated new culture, new ideas and new morality, and lashed out at the old culture, old ideas and old morality for thousands of years. In 1918, he published the first vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" in the history of modern Chinese literature. Through symbolic artistic techniques, the novel mercilessly exposed the cannibalism of China's feudal society for thousands of years, and strongly accused the feudal ethics and patriarchal clan system of evil. Since then, Lu Xun has created many novels such as Kong Yiji, Medicine, The True Story of Ah Q and a lot of essays, essays and comments with a completely uncompromising attitude, thus becoming the pioneer of the May 4th Movement and the founder of modern literature in China.

in the summer of p>1926, Lu Xun left Beijing, which was occupied by the Northern Warlords, and went south to Xiamen, where he became a professor in the Department of China Literature of Xiamen University, and concurrently served as a professor at the Chinese Academy. At the beginning of 1927, Lu Xun moved to Guangzhou, the revolutionary center at that time, and served as the head of the Chinese Department of Sun Yat-sen University. At the same time, he also served as the educational director, engaged in education and literary creation, and engaged in new battles. In April of the same year, a counter-revolutionary coup took place, and Lu Xun withstood the test of bloody rain. He resigned because of the fruitless rescue of students. In the face of the lessons of blood, Lu Xun's social development view formed in his early years has undergone profound changes. He dissected his thoughts severely and corrected the "bias" of believing only in evolution in the past. Since then, his ideological development has entered a brand-new starting point.

in the mid-1921s, he participated in the establishment of Mangyuan Weekly, Yusi Weekly and the last famous literary society. At the beginning of 1927, he went to Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou as the head of literature department and academic director. In August, 1927, he became a professor at Xiamen University.

in October, 1927, Lu Xun arrived in Shanghai, where he settled down and concentrated on the revolutionary literary movement. In 1928, he founded running with Yu Dafu. In 193O, the Chinese Left-wing Writers' Union was founded. He was one of the founders and the main leader. He has successively edited important literary periodicals such as Germination, Sentinel, Shiyu Street and Translation. He participated in and led many revolutionary societies, such as China Left-wing Writers' League, China Freedom Movement League and China Civil Rights Protection League. He edited many publications such as Sentinel, Running, Germination Monthly, United and led the revolutionary and progressive literary and art workers, and waged tit-for-tat struggles with imperialism, feudalism, the Kuomintang government and its royal literati. He insisted on tenacious fighting and wrote hundreds of essays. These essays, such as daggers, are like throwing guns and have made special contributions in the anti-cultural "encirclement and suppression". He kept close contact with the * * * producers and firmly supported the anti-Japanese national United front policy of China * * * producers. He described himself as a "fire thief", devoted himself to cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries and advocated the new woodcut movement. He cares about and cultivates young people, and has devoted a lot of efforts to the growth of young writers.

on October 9, 1936, Lu Xun died in his apartment in Xincun, Shanghai, aged 55.

Lu Xun wrote a poem "Self-mockery", two of which are "pointing at a thousand fingers with a frown, bowing down and being a willing ox", which is a true portrayal of his life.

Lu Xun wrote more than 8 million words of translations in his life. Many of his works, such as Scream, Wandering, Weeds, Morning Flowers and Evening Picking Up, have been reprinted in one edition and have been translated into English, Russian, German, French, Japanese, Esperanto and other languages, enjoying a worldwide reputation. The Complete Works of Lu Xun is a valuable spiritual wealth that he left to the people of China and people all over the world.

China is a great modern writer and translator and the founder of the New Literature Movement. Formerly known as Zhou Shuren, Yucai was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, and was born in a ruined feudal family. Youth was influenced by the theory of evolution.

In 1912, he went to Japan to study medicine, and then worked in literature and art, in an attempt to change the national spirit. He returned to China in 1919 and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing successively. After the Revolution of 1911, he worked as a member of the Ministry of Education of Nanjing Provisional Government and Beijing Government, and taught in Peking University and Women's Normal University.

In May, 1918, the first vernacular novel Diary of a Madman in the history of modern literature in China was published under the pseudonym "Lu Xun", which exposed and criticized the system of cannibalism violently and firmly, and laid the cornerstone of the new literature movement. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he participated in the work of New Youth magazine, stood in the forefront of the new cultural movement against imperialism and feudalism, and became a great standard bearer of the May 4th New Cultural Movement.

During 1918-1926, he successively created and published special collections such as Scream, Grave, Hot Wind, Wandering, Weeds, Flowers in the Morning, Hua Gai Ji and Hua Gai Ji Continued, which showed the ideological characteristics of patriotism and thorough democracy. Among them, The True Story of Ah Q, a novella published in February, 1921, is one of the outstanding works in the history of modern literature in China. In August 1926, he was wanted by the reactionary authorities for supporting the patriotic movement of Beijing students, and went south to teach at Xiamen University. In October 1927, he went to Guangzhou, the revolutionary center at that time, and taught at Sun Yat-sen University. After the "April 12th Incident", he resigned from all posts in Sun Yat-sen University in anger. In the meantime, I witnessed that there were also non-revolutionaries and counter-revolutionaries among the young people, who were deeply influenced and completely gave up the fantasy of evolution. Arrived in Shanghai in October 1927.

since 1931, Lu Xun has successively participated in progressive organizations such as China Freedom Movement League, China Left-wing Writers League and China Civil Rights Protection League, and actively participated in the revolutionary literature and art movement despite the persecution of the Kuomintang government. After the dissolution of the "Left League" in early 1936, he actively participated in the anti-Japanese national United front in the literary and cultural circles. From 1927 to 1936, he created most of the works and a large number of essays in New Stories, which were included in the monographs such as Just Collection, Three Leisure Collections, Two-hearted Collection, Southern Tune and Northern Mobilization, Pseudo-Free Book, Quasi-Romantic Talk, Lace Literature, and Qijieting Essays. Lu Xun's life has made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings. He led and supported the progressive literary groups such as "Unnamed Society" and "Chaohua Society". Editor-in-chief of the National New Newspaper Supplement, Mangyuan, Running, Germination, Translation and other literary periodicals; Enthusiastic care and active training of young authors; Vigorously translate foreign progressive literary works and introduce famous paintings and woodcuts at home and abroad; He collected, studied and sorted out a lot of classical literature, critically inherited the ancient cultural heritage of the motherland, and compiled a brief history of Chinese novels, an outline of the history of Chinese literature, a collection of legends of Tang and Song Dynasties, and notes on old stories.

he died in Shanghai on October 9, 1936.

Lu Xun (1881 ~ 1936) was a China writer, thinker, revolutionary and educator. Zhou Shuren, born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, was born on September 25th, 1881. Born in a ruined feudal family. Youth was influenced by the theory of evolution, Nietzsche's superman philosophy and Tolstoy's thought of fraternity. In 1912, he went to Japan to study. He studied medicine at Sendai Medical College and then worked in literature and art, hoping to change the national spirit. From 1915 to 1917, he participated in the activities of revolutionaries, and published papers such as "The Theory of Moro Poetry" and "The Theory of Cultural Deviation". During this period, I went back to China to get married on the orders of my mother, and my wife, Zhu An. In 1919, together with his brother Zhou Zuoren, he translated the Collection of Foreign Novels and introduced foreign literature. He returned to China in the same year and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing.

After the Revolution of 1911, she worked as a member of the Ministry of Education of Nanjing Provisional Government and Beijing Government, and taught in Peking University and Women's Normal University. In May 1918, the first vernacular novel Diary of a Madman in the history of modern literature in China was published under the pseudonym of "Lu Xun" for the first time, which laid the cornerstone of the new literature movement. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he took part in the work of New Youth magazine and became the leader of the May 4th New Culture Movement.

from 1918 to 1926, he successively created and published novels, wandering, essays, graves, essays, poems, flowers in the morning, essays, hot air, canopy, and the continuation of canopy. Among them, The True Story of Ah Q, a novella published in February, 1921, is an immortal masterpiece in the history of modern literature in China. In August, 1926, he was wanted by the Beiyang warlord government for supporting the patriotic movement of Beijing students, and went south to Xiamen University as the head of the Chinese Department. In October, 1927, he went to Guangzhou, the revolutionary center at that time, and served as the academic director of Sun Yat-sen University. Arrived in Shanghai in October, 1927, and began to live with his student Xu Guangping. In 1929, his son Zhou Haiying was born. Since 1931, he has participated in China Freedom Movement League, China Left-wing Writers League and China Civil Rights Protection League successively to resist the dictatorship and political persecution of the Kuomintang government. From 1927 to 1936, he created most of the works and a large number of essays in the collection of historical novels, which were collected in Just Collection, Three Idle Collections, Two-hearted Collection, Southern Tune and Northern Mobilization, Pseudo-Free Book, Quasi-wind and Moon Talk, Lace Literature and Jiejieting Essays. Lu Xun's life has made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings: he led and supported literary groups such as the "Unnamed Society" and the "Chaohua Society"; Editor-in-chief of the National New Newspaper Supplement (B), Mangyuan, Yusi, Running, Germination, Translation and other literary periodicals; Enthusiastic care and active training of young authors; Vigorously translate foreign progressive literary works and introduce famous paintings and woodcuts at home and abroad; Collect, study and sort out a large number of classical literature, compile A Brief History of Chinese Fiction, Outline of Chinese Literature History, sort out Ji Kangji, and compile Miscellaneous Records of Old Books in Huiji County, Hooking Ancient Novels, Legends of Tang and Song Dynasties, Notes on Old Novels, and so on.

On October 9, 1936, he died of tuberculosis in Shanghai. Tens of thousands of people in Shanghai spontaneously held public sacrifices and funerals and were buried in Hongqiao Wanguo Cemetery. In 1956, Lu Xun's body was buried in Hongkou Park, and Mao Zedong wrote an inscription for the reconstructed Lu Xun's tomb.

The Complete Works of Lu Xun (21 volumes) was published in 1938. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the translations of Lu Xun's works have been compiled into Complete Works of Lu Xun (11 volumes), Translated Works of Lu Xun (11 volumes), Diary of Lu Xun (2 volumes) and Letters of Lu Xun, and various ancient books edited by Lu Xun have been reprinted. In 1981, The Complete Works of Lu Xun (sixteen volumes) was published. Luxun Museum and Memorial Hall have been established successively in Beijing, Shanghai, Shaoxing, Guangzhou and Xiamen. Dozens of novels, essays, poems and essays by Lu Xun were selected into Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools. The novels Blessing, The True Story of Ah Q and Medicine have been adapted into movies. Lu Xun's works enrich the treasure house of world literature, and have been translated into more than 51 languages, including English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, French, German, Arabic and Esperanto, and have a wide audience all over the world.