Norovirus-infected diarrhea is caused by Norovirus, which has the characteristics of acute onset, rapid spread and wide coverage, and is the main reason for the outbreak of non-bacterial diarrhea. Norovirus is highly contagious, mainly spread through the intestine, and can be spread through polluted water, food, articles, air, etc. , and often cause collective outbreaks in communities, schools, restaurants, hospitals, nurseries, nursing homes and the military.
Norovirus has a high degree of genetic variability, and there may be strains with different genetic characteristics that are prevalent in the same period and community. Norovirus antibody has no significant protective effect, especially long-term immune protection, which is easy to cause repeated infection.
Norovirus-infected diarrhea is prevalent all over the world, which can occur all year round, mainly affecting adults and school-age children, and it is high in cold season. In the United States, 60-90% of non-bacterial diarrhea outbreaks are caused by norovirus every year. The Netherlands, Britain, Japan, Australia and other developed countries have similar results. Diarrhea caused by norovirus is common in developing countries and often causes outbreaks. The detection rate of norovirus in children with diarrhea under 5 years old in China is about 15%, and the survey of serum antibody level shows that norovirus infection is also very common in China. From 65438 to 0995, the first case of Norovirus infection was reported in China, and then there were many cases of Norovirus-infected diarrhea in Shanxi, Beijing, Anhui, Fuzhou, Wuhan and Guangzhou.
clinical picture
The incubation period is mostly 24 ~ 48h, the shortest is 12h, and the longest is 72h. The infected person has a sudden onset, and the main symptoms are nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Vomiting is common in children, and diarrhea is common in adults. Diarrhea occurs 4 ~ 8 times in 24 hours, and the feces are watery or watery, without mucus and pus. Routine microscopic examination of WBC in stool Question 2: What is norovirus? I want to know? 10 norovirus, also known as norovirus (NV), is the prototype representative strain of norovirus (NV) in human calicivirus (HuCV). It is a group of virus particles with similar morphology and slightly different antigenicity.
Norovirus-infected diarrhea is prevalent all over the world, which can occur all year round, mainly affecting adults and school-age children, and it is high in cold season. In the United States, 60-90% of non-bacterial diarrhea outbreaks are caused by norovirus every year. The Netherlands, Britain, Japan, Australia and other developed countries have similar results. The detection rate of norovirus in children with diarrhea under 5 years old in China is about 15%, and the survey of serum antibody level shows that norovirus infection is also very common in China.
"Norovirus" infectious diarrhea is a self-limiting disease, and there is no vaccine and no specific medicine. The public should do a good job in personal hygiene, food hygiene and drinking water hygiene to prevent this disease. It is necessary to develop healthy living habits such as washing hands frequently, not drinking raw water, separating raw and cooked food, and avoiding cross-contamination.
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Question 3: Will Norovirus cause death? How is norovirus treated better? Recently, there is a very worrying disease, which is a gastrointestinal disease called norovirus. 72 students in a primary school in Nanjing were infected with norovirus. Fever and vomiting were unbearable, and some schools were forced to suspend classes because of the epidemic. For this virus, it is suggested that high-temperature dry heat steam can control and kill the virus well, pay more attention to cleaning the food contact surface, do personal hygiene protection, stay away from the virus, and be healthy and safe. So someone asked if norovirus would kill people? How is norovirus treated better? Let me explain this medical knowledge to you.
What disease is norovirus?
Norovirus is a virus that causes non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis. Usually, children's symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea, while adults are mainly diarrhea. Norovirus can spread through polluted water, food, articles and air, and often breaks out in schools, restaurants, hospitals, nurseries, nursing homes and other places where people are relatively concentrated.
Norovirus can cause gastrointestinal infection. The main symptoms are nausea, vomiting and abdominal spastic diarrhea, which generally lasts for 1-2 days and usually appears 12-48 hours after being infected with the virus. The incubation period is mostly 24 ~ 48h, the shortest is 12h, and the longest is 72h. The infected person has a sudden onset, and the main symptoms are nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
Does norovirus kill people? People don't usually die.
The vomiting symptoms of patients with primary infection are obviously more than those of patients with secondary infection, and some infected people only show vomiting symptoms. In addition, symptoms such as headache, chills and muscle pain can also be seen, and dehydration symptoms can occur in severe cases. Although norovirus is highly contagious, there is absolutely no need to panic. After the virus is found, it is generally only necessary to isolate it at home. Most people don't need to go to the hospital to take medicine. If there are serious symptoms such as high fever and dehydration, you need to go to the hospital for treatment.
The best way to treat norovirus
Director Xu Dangui, a pediatrician in Shenzhen, advised the public to deal with Norovirus;
1, first of all, temporarily fast, because vomiting can't accept any food, even warm water will be spit out.
2. Drinking a small amount of warm salt water or ginger brown sugar water for many times can gradually achieve the effect of stopping vomiting and cooling down. It is best to have oral rehydration salts at home. If not, you can make them yourself. The method is to put a proper amount of edible salt in boiling water, dissolve it and put it in warm water. The taste is equivalent to the salty degree of skin sweating.
3. If you only see fever and vomiting, and you haven't defecated for many days, you must defecate first. You can go to a nearby drugstore to buy kaisai dew, or cut it into strips the size of your little finger with soap at home and stuff it into * * *, which can achieve the effect of relaxing bowels and stopping vomiting.
4, you can eat some porridge cooked with ginger and salt (not too thick, thinner is better).
5. Apply drugs (such as Ding Guier's navel patch) that warm the middle warmer, dispel cold and stop vomiting to the navel.
6. If there is Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid (dropping pills) at home, it can be dissolved in ginger brown sugar water and taken orally several times.
7. Apply abdomen with hot water bottle or electric heater. To prevent burns, wrap a hot water bottle or electric heater with a towel before touching the skin.
8. Soak your feet in warm water at 40℃-45℃ for about 15-30 minutes, which is helpful to cool down and stop vomiting and diarrhea.
Question 4: What is norovirus that causes collective vomiting in primary school students? Collective vomiting of primary school students
On the afternoon of May 19, more than 40 students in the experimental primary school of private children's park vomited to varying degrees after school and during meals, and were taken to hospital for treatment. The reporter learned from the Jing 'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention yesterday that it was initially judged as a cluster epidemic caused by norovirus infection, and the specific conclusion will be further clarified after the bacterial test results in the sample laboratory come out.
Children with symptoms were sent to Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital by their parents. The doctor diagnosed them as acute gastroenteritis, and the test results showed bacterial infection. As of noon the day before yesterday 1 1, * * * 45 children went to the hospital one after another. Some students said that the noodles they had for lunch last Friday were sour and the meat smelled bad. It is reported that the lunch of the students in this school is sent to the school by the catering company in the morning, packed in boxes after meals at the school, and then sent to the classrooms.
On the evening of May 19, Jing 'an District Education Bureau, Health Planning Commission, Market Supervision Bureau and CDC received the report and rushed to the Tenth People's Hospital of the city with relevant school personnel to carry out an investigation. That night, Jing 'an District CDC and District Market Supervision Bureau collected 30 food samples, 7 employees' anal swabs, 3 sick students' anal swabs and 8 operation links from school lunches on May 17, 18 and 19, respectively, and sent them to the laboratory of District CDC for relevant testing. Preliminary results were reported on May 20th: 13 anal swab samples of sick students, 10 samples were positive for norovirus type II, and the virus results of other samples were negative.
2. What is Norovirus?
The main symptom of norovirus is severe acute gastroenteritis (severe vomiting and diarrhea), which is mainly high in winter and highly contagious, and easily occurs in relatively closed places such as nursing homes, restaurants, schools, nurseries and hospitals. This virus is prevalent all over the world. Shanghai has established a prevention and control program for norovirus-infected diarrhea and conducted daily monitoring.
Every year 1 1 to February of the following year is the epidemic period and high incidence period of diarrhea caused by norovirus. Norovirus has actually existed for a long time. It is not a new virus, but a common pathogen. Experts remind that after human body is infected with norovirus, it will cause acute onset, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, sometimes accompanied by fever and other symptoms, especially children and the elderly. Norovirus infection is a self-limiting disease with an incubation period of 24 to 48 hours. At present, there is no vaccine and no specific antiviral drugs.
Experts remind: we should strengthen publicity and education focusing on the prevention of intestinal infectious diseases, advocate drinking boiled water and not eating raw aquatic products, especially prohibiting eating raw aquatic products such as shellfish, washing raw fruits and vegetables, washing hands before and after meals, and developing good hygiene habits.
Question 5: What is the disease of Norovirus? Norovirus
Hot spot Twenty-three students in a primary school in Heyuan, Guangdong Province were infected with "Norovirus" 2015-0114: 26.
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Norwalk virus (NV) is the prototype representative strain of Norovirus (NV) in human calicivirus (HuCV). NV is a group of virus particles with similar morphology and slightly different antigenicity. Norwalk virus was first isolated from the feces of patients with acute diarrhea in Norwalk, USA in 1968. Since then, a variety of virus-like particles with similar morphology but slightly different antigenicity have been isolated from the feces of patients with gastroenteritis around the world, all of which are named after the places where they were found, such as Hawaiian virus (HV), Snow Mountain virus (SMV), Mexican virus (MXV) and Southampton virus (SOV). It was originally called small round structure virus (SRSV), and later called Norwalk-like virus (NLV), until the Eighth International Committee on Virus Nomenclature approved its name as Norovirus (NV) in August 2002. Norovirus and Sapporo-like virus (SLV) found in Japan are officially called Sapporo virus (SV), which are collectively called human calicivirus.
Norovirus-infected diarrhea is prevalent all over the world, which can occur all year round, mainly affecting adults and school-age children, and it is high in cold season. In the United States, 60-90% of non-bacterial diarrhea outbreaks are caused by norovirus every year. The Netherlands, Britain, Japan, Australia and other developed countries have similar results. The detection rate of norovirus in children with diarrhea under 5 years old in China is about 15%, and the survey of serum antibody level shows that norovirus infection is also very common in China. From 65438 to 0995, the first case of norovirus infection was reported in China, and then several cases of norovirus-infected diarrhea occurred in Shanxi, Beijing, Anhui, Fuzhou, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Jiaxing, Zhejiang and other places.
Chinese name: Norovirus
Mbth: Norovirus
Overview: A group of caliciviruses.
Experimental diagnosis: specimen collection laboratory examination
Outbreaks: China, German and Japanese.
Virus characteristics: the prototype representative strain of Norovirus.
Boundary: microbial boundary
Door: virus door
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