standard prevention means that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta are infectious and need to be isolated.

No matter whether there is obvious blood stain, pollution or contact with incomplete skin and mucosa, those who come into contact with the above substances must take preventive measures.

Combining many characteristics of universal prevention and isolation of substances in the body, it is concluded that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta are infectious and need to be isolated.

No matter whether there is obvious blood pollution or contact with incomplete skin and mucosa, those who come into contact with the above substances must take protective measures. According to the transmission route, contact isolation, droplet isolation and air isolation are successful and effective measures to prevent hospital infection.

operating principles of standard prevention:

1. Standard prevention is aimed at the whole process of all operations for patients

2. Basic measures such as washing hands, wearing gloves, wearing isolation gown, wearing protective eyes and a mask are taken regardless of whether the patients are diagnosed or can be infected with infectious diseases

4. Wear gloves when performing operations that may come into contact with patients' body fluids and blood

. Disinfect hands when necessary

6. Blood and body fluids may splash on the face of medical staff: wear anti-permeability masks and protective glasses

7. Blood and body fluids may splash in a large area and pollute the body: wear anti-permeability isolation gown or apron

8. Hand skin damage may contact the patient's blood and body fluids: wear double gloves

9. Wear gloves during operation. Avoid contaminated gloves from touching clean areas or articles

11. During invasive diagnosis, treatment and nursing operations:

① Ensure sufficient light

② Pay special attention to prevent from being stabbed/scratched by sharp instruments such as needles, sewing needles and blades

11. After use, sharp instruments can prevent stabbing:

① Put them directly into a stab-resistant and leak-proof sharp instrument box

. Clean the polluted environment immediately

13. It is forbidden to put the disposable needle back on the needle cover

14. It is forbidden to directly touch the used needle and blade sharp instrument with hands

15. Ensure the correct disposal of waste

① People who transport waste must wear thick latex cleaning gloves

② Protective glasses must be worn when handling body fluid waste

Precautions:

1.

2. gloves: gloves should be worn when touching blood, body fluids, excreta, secretions and damaged skin mucosa; Always change gloves between two patients; Gloves can't replace hand washing.

3. masks, goggles and masks: wearing masks and goggles can also reduce the splashing of infectious substances such as body fluids, blood and secretions of patients to the eyes, oral cavity and nasal mucosa of medical staff.

4. isolation gown: It is only used when passing through isolation gown to prevent contamination by infectious blood, secretions, exudates, splashing water and a large number of infectious materials. Wash your hands immediately after taking off isolation gown to avoid polluting other patients and the environment.

5. Reusable equipment:?

(1) Reusable medical supplies and medical equipment shall be disinfected or sterilized as required when used for the next patient.

(2) When dealing with instruments and equipment contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent the exposure of skin and mucous membranes of staff and the pollution of work clothes, so as to spread pathogenic microorganisms to patients and pollute the environment.

(3) sharp tools that need to be reused should be placed in stab-resistant containers for transportation, handling and prevention of stab wounds.

(4) Disposable sharp tools, such as needles, are placed in stab-proof and leak-proof containers for harmless treatment.

6. Disinfection of objects' surfaces, environment, clothes and tableware:

(1) Clean the environment and objects' surfaces in general wards of hospitals, including bed bars, bedside tables, chairs and door handles, and disinfect them at any time in case of pollution.

(2) When handling and transporting clothes and clothing contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent medical personnel from exposing their skin and polluting their work clothes and the environment.

(3) Reusable tableware should be cleaned and disinfected before use, and disposable tableware should be used for isolated patients as much as possible. ?

(4) Reuse clothes are put in special bags and transported to designated places for cleaning and disinfection, so as to prevent pollution during transportation.

7. When resuscitation is needed in the emergency place, use simple breathing bag (resuscitation bag) or other ventilation devices instead of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.

8. Medical wastes shall be treated harmlessly in accordance with the Regulations on the Management of Medical Wastes promulgated by the state and its related laws and regulations. Contact isolation 1 Contact transmission refers to diseases transmitted through contact. Contact transmission is the main and common transmission route of hospital infection, which generally includes direct transmission and indirect transmission.

Resources: Baidu Encyclopedia-Standard Prevention