[Edit this paragraph] background
Greenhouse gases heat the earth. For more than 200 years, with the deepening of industrialization, the "injured" earth has discharged a large number of greenhouse gases, mainly carbon dioxide, which has led to global temperature rise and climate change. This is an indisputable fact. On February 8, 65438, the World Meteorological Organization released the report "Global Climate 2009", which pointed out that 10 was the hottest year in the world on record. In addition, global warming has caused Antarctic glaciers to begin to melt, which in turn has led to sea level rise. The latest survey published by Finnish and German scholars shows that by the end of this century, the sea level may rise by 1.9 meters, far exceeding previous expectations. If this continues, Tuvalu, a South Pacific island country, will probably become the first island country to disappear into the Wang Yang. The ozone hole over Antarctica is caused by excessive emission of carbon dioxide. A study published by American media on February 5, 2009, 65438+ pointed out that the earth heat has also caused a huge crisis to human health. First, allergies are getting worse. Studies show that with the gradual increase of carbon dioxide level and temperature, the flowering period is advanced, which increases the pollen yield and aggravates the spring allergy. Secondly, species are becoming more and more "pocket-sized". With the global temperature rising, the biological form is getting smaller and smaller, which has appeared in Scottish sheep. Third, kidney calculi has increased. Due to rising temperatures and dehydration, researchers predict that by 2050, there will be 2.2 million new patients with urinary calculi. Fourth, the outbreak of foreign infectious diseases, the increase of water environment temperature will make mosquitoes and plankton multiply, and dengue fever, malaria and encephalitis break out from time to time. Fifth, in summer, the lung infection is aggravated, the temperature rises and the cool wind decreases, which will aggravate ozone pollution and easily lead to lung infection. Sixth, algae flooding causes diseases, and the rising water temperature leads to the rapid reproduction of cyanobacteria, which will pollute natural lakes from municipal water supply system, thus causing diseases such as digestive system, nervous system, liver and skin. Low-carbon life has become a lifestyle that human beings urgently need to establish. Carbon dioxide will aggravate the greenhouse effect, so it is counted as one of the air pollutants. However, under normal circumstances, the concentration of carbon dioxide will not be reported in the air quality forecast. In addition, when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air exceeds 50%, it will cause suffocation, so you should avoid going to places with high carbon dioxide concentration (such as the cellar where vegetables are stored) and ventilate before going to these places.
[Edit this paragraph] Implementation mode
Since its opening on February 7, 2009, the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit has been awarded various heavyweight titles such as "the most important conference ever" and "the conference to change the fate of the poster ball for low-carbon life". The conference tried to establish a global framework for greenhouse gas emissions, and it also made many people deeply reflect on the current production and lifestyle of human beings. Although countries all over the world are still trying to reduce emissions, the concept of low carbon is almost widely recognized. Low carbon refers to lower and lower greenhouse gas (mainly carbon dioxide) emissions. In this regard, Ren Guanping, secretary general of the Chinese Society of Environmental Sciences, told Life Times: "Energy conservation is the biggest carbon reduction." First of all, carbon reduction is mainly implemented in production, such as vigorously developing clean energy such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind energy and solar energy. Ren Guanping emphasized that it is everyone's responsibility to reduce carbon. For us, lifestyle describes everyone's "carbon footprint". What kind of people can be regarded as "low carbon people" and what does "low carbon" mean? Simply put, "low carbon" is a living habit, and saving all kinds of resources around you is a natural habit. As long as you are willing to discipline yourself and improve your living habits, you can join in. Of course, low carbon doesn't mean that you should be frugal and give up some enjoyment of life. As long as we can save more and not waste, we can also live a comfortable "low-carbon life". Simple understanding, low-carbon life is to return to nature to carry out activities between people and nature, mainly changing the details of life from three aspects: saving electricity, saving solar terms and recycling, including the following low-carbon good living habits: advocating low carbon and caring for the earth.
Develop low-carbon living habits
1. Daily rice washing water can be used for washing hands, cleaning furniture and watering flowers. Clean and hygienic, naturally moist; 2. Laying waste newspapers on the bottom of the wardrobe can not only absorb moisture, but also absorb the peculiar smell in the wardrobe; 3. Don't throw away the used mask paper. Using it to wipe the surface of jewelry, furniture or belt will not only shine, but also leave the fragrance of mask paper; 4. Dried tea dregs, dried to make tea pillows, are comfortable and help to improve sleep; 5. Go out shopping, try to bring your own environmental protection bag, whether it is a free or charged plastic bag, and reduce the use; 6. Bring your own drinking cups when you go out to reduce the use of disposable cups; 7. Use permanent chopsticks and lunch boxes, and try to avoid using disposable tableware; 8. Develop the habit of turning off the power supply of electrical appliances at will to avoid wasting electricity; 9. Try not to use refrigerators, air conditioners and electric fans. You can use cattail leaf fans or fans made of other materials when it is hot. After the re-creation of manual DIY, you will find that the original waste is also a treasure, so the home environment is healthy and full of creative little joy. "Low-carbon people" are using the changes of their own life details to prove that climate change is no longer just a concern of environmentalists, government officials and experts and scholars, but is closely related to each of us. Nowadays, advocating healthy living has become a trend. "Low-carbon life" is no longer just an ideal, but also a new lifestyle worth looking forward to. There are a few points that are not very good to note: 1. Replace electronic alarm clock with traditional clockwork alarm clock every day; 2. Turn off the computer power during lunch break and after work; 3. Turn off the lights and air conditioners once they are not used; Once the mobile phone is charged, unplug the charging plug immediately; 4. Choose to dry clothes and avoid using drum dryer; Replace 45 minutes of exercise on the treadmill with jogging in a place where the air is fresh and suitable for running, such as a nearby park; 5. Replace the 60-watt bulb with an energy-saving lamp; Don't drive, ride a bike or walk; 6. When using the computer, try to use low brightness and open fewer programs to save electricity. 7. If possible, try to watch less TV. It is recommended to read more books to save electricity and increase knowledge. 8. Use the remaining small pieces of soap, collect them and put them in small stockings that can't be worn, so you can use them again.
Tips for low-carbon life
The amount of food stored in the refrigerator should be 80% of the volume. Too much or too little food consumes electricity. There should be a gap of about 10 mm between the food and the refrigerator. Using several plastic boxes to hold water, making ice cubes in the freezer and putting them in the freezer can prolong the downtime and reduce the startup time. The instantaneous current of air conditioner is large, and frequent switching consumes considerable power, which is easy to damage the compressor. Put the fan under the air conditioner and use the wind power of the fan to improve the cooling effect. Turn on the electric fan immediately after the air conditioner is turned on. You don't have to turn on the air conditioner all night at night, saving nearly 90% electricity. Set the air conditioner to dehumidification mode. At this time, even if the room temperature is slightly higher, it can make people feel cool and save electricity compared with refrigeration mode. For the same long washing time, when the washing machine works in the weak gear, the motor starts more times, that is to say, using the strong gear actually saves electricity than the weak gear and can prolong the life of the washing machine. According to the rotation speed 1680 rpm (only applicable to turbine type) and dehydration time 1 min, the dehydration rate can reach 55%. Generally, dehydration does not exceed 3 minutes. Prolonging dehydration time is of little significance. Stick to the habit of 1. Take less elevators 1 elevator to reduce carbon emission by 0.218kg; 2. Turn on less cold air 1 hour to reduce carbon emission by 0.621kg; 3. Blow less electric fans 1 hour, and reduce carbon emissions by 0.045kg4. Watch less TV 1 hour, and reduce carbon emissions by 0.096kg5. Use less light bulbs 1 hour, and reduce carbon emissions by 0.041kg; 6. Eating less 1km will reduce carbon emissions by 0.22kg7. Eating less 1 time will reduce carbon emissions by 0.48kg; 8. Burning less 1kg paper money will reduce the carbon emission of 1.46kg; 9. If you throw less garbage 1kg, your carbon emission will be reduced by 2.06kg 10. If you eat less beef, your carbon emission will be reduced by 13kg. 1 1. Saving primary electricity will reduce carbon emissions by 0.638kg; 12. Saving one ton of water will reduce carbon emissions by 0.194 kg; 13. Saving primary natural gas will reduce carbon emissions by 2.1kg; 14. If we finish everything in one day, then we can reduce carbon emissions by 21.173 kg per day; If everyone in China can do everything well every day, then we can reduce our carbon emissions by 296,422,200,000 kilograms every day, which is about 3x10.7 tons. If everyone in the world can do everything every day, then we can reduce carbon emissions by 1058650000000kg every day, which is about 1. 1x 10 8 tons.
50 principles of low-carbon life
1, use less paper towels, recycle handkerchiefs, protect forests and live a low-carbon life; 2. Each piece of paper is printed on both sides, which is equivalent to retaining the second half of the forest that was originally to be cut down; 3. Turn off the lights, switch and unplug at will, which is the first step and the embodiment of personal cultivation; Don't take the elevator to climb the stairs, save everyone's electricity and change health; 4, greening is not only planting trees in the suburbs, but also planting some flowers and plants at home without driving; Yes, a plastic bag costs 50 cents, but its pollution may be 50 times that of 50 cents. 6, the perfect bathroom does not necessarily have a bathtub; It has been installed and may not be used every time; It has been used, please flush the toilet with accumulated water; 7. Turn off unused computer programs, reduce the workload of hard disk, save electricity and maintain your computer; 8. Compared with drivers, cyclists don't have to worry about rising oil prices or gaining weight. There is no need to turn on all the lighting as soon as you enter the door. The electric light was invented only 130 years ago, and it was fine for thousands of years before; 10. Considering the contribution of public transportation to the world environment, it can at least offset the sense of superiority brought by driving a private car; 1 1, please believe that infatuation with fur is just an anti-ancestral impulse; 12, it can be said that climate warming is partly due to the revenge of excessive use of air conditioning and heating; 13, use disposable toothbrushes, disposable plastic bags and disposable water cups as little as possible ... because the oil used to make them is also disposable; 14. If you knew that some canned shark fins produced in China were on display in some western ocean museums, would you still have such a good appetite to eat shark fins as food? 15, not necessarily mahogany and leather can reflect home taste; It is recommended to use bamboo furniture because bamboo grows faster than trees; 16 in fact, the simplest way to use solar energy as an environmentally friendly energy source is to try to do work during the day; 17, eating too much meat hurts at least three objects: animals, themselves and the earth; 18, the wedding ceremony is not a face that you have struggled for 28 years, nor is it a PK accumulated by your family. Nowadays, simplicity and low carbon are the attached values of sweet civilization; 19. It's just a psychological effect to think that turning the faucet to the maximum can wash the dishes more cleanly. 20. It can be confidently said that washing clothes in barrels is not because of laziness, but to save water and electricity; 2 1. It really costs a lot of money to raise a child from infancy to preschool. Use second-hand toys, clothes and books. 22. The traffic jam is too long. Put out the fire first, and then wait for a while. 23, regularly check the tire pressure, air volume is too low or too full will increase fuel consumption; 24, cleaning the air conditioner regularly, not only for health, but also save a lot of electricity; 25, general car 93# engine oil is enough, blind use of 97# may not only waste engine oil, but also hurt the engine; 26. Learn from the old bus drivers how to save fuel: use less emergency brakes, loosen the throttle and slide by inertia; 27. Some people, especially women, use forty or fifty liters of water for a bath, and cleanliness is not so exaggerated; 28. Scientific thrift is a fine tradition; After the leftovers are cooled, wrap them with plastic wrap and send them to the refrigerator; Hot steam not only increases the work of refrigerator, but also frosts and wastes electricity. 29. In fact, outdoor air conditioning is designed according to waterproof requirements. Adding a coat to it will only reduce the heat dissipation effect, and of course it will cost electricity; 30. There is no necessary relationship between the amount of foam in washing powder and washing capacity, but low foaming detergent can rinse several times less than high foam washing powder, saving water, electricity and time; 3 1, the washing machine saves more electricity than the weak gear and can prolong the life of the machine; 32. The power consumption of a TV set in standby state is generally about 10% of its starting power, which is really not small. 33. If you just use the computer to listen to music, the monitor can only be dimmed or turned off; 34. If you use a lot of hot water, you might as well keep the water heater energized for heat preservation, because the electricity used for heat preservation for one day is lower than that of a box of cold water burned to the same temperature; 35. When cleaning the same car, the water consumption for washing with bucket is only1/8 of that for washing with faucet; 36. You can reduce the floating ball in the toilet tank by 2 cm, saving 4 cubic meters of water a year; 37, set up saving files, monthly consumption of water, electricity, gas and accounting, accomplish know fairly well; 38. Buying electrical appliances depends on energy-saving indicators, which is the easiest way; 39. Experiments have proved that medium fire and water are the most gas-saving; 40, 10 years ago, littering batteries could be ignored, but now it is completely irresponsible; 4 1, always carrying chopsticks or spoons, has become the label of environmentalists; 42, the amount of items stored in the refrigerator to account for 80% of the volume is appropriate, put too much or too little, all power consumption; 43. Holding a short meeting is also a saving-lighting, air conditioning, stereo, etc. 44, nothing to go out for a walk, "home" is very expensive; 45. If it is not necessary, try to buy local and seasonal products. Transportation and packaging often consume more energy than production; 46. Planting trees pays for the carbon dioxide you emit, how much you discharge and how much you suck; 47. Choose cotton and linen for clothes, which is both environmentally friendly and fashionable, elegant and durable; 48, drying is really unnecessary, let the clothes bask in the sun, it will be disinfected; 49. American statistics show that the per capita resource consumption after divorce is 42%-6 1% higher than that before divorce. Let's use marriage to protect the earth. 50. Putting something less in the trunk is also a weight, which wastes gasoline resources and is easy to be stolen.
"low-carbon" home
"Low carbon" is a very broad concept, and all ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions can be collectively referred to as low carbon, including energy saving and emission reduction in industrial production of low-carbon life posters, green design of buildings, and energy saving of automobiles. Low-carbon life can also save energy and reduce the emission of harmful substances at home. Simplicity and generosity are most conducive to energy saving. In recent years, simple design style has gradually become the dominant style in family decoration. Simple style is the most reasonable key factor of energy saving in home decoration. Of course, simplicity does not mean simplicity. As long as the design is comprehensive, the simple style is very suitable for modern decoration, especially for young people. And this design style can minimize the waste of materials in home decoration. Transparent design is now gradually accepted by more and more owners, which maintains ventilation and air circulation and greatly reduces energy waste. Before the color returns to environmental protection and nature, the home will always be white. With the development of chemical industry, there are more and more colors at home. In fact, the use of color is also related to energy saving. Excessive use of dark colors such as red, green and purple will actually waste energy. Especially in high temperature season, because dark paint absorbs heat, it is widely designed and used on home decoration walls, absorbing a lot of heat during the day, and using air conditioning at night will increase the energy consumption of the room. Green building materials to create a low-carbon life. In the process of decoration, in fact, in some "zones" that don't pay attention to firmness, light partition materials such as light steel keel and gypsum board can be used, and clay solid bricks, spotlights and aluminum alloy doors and windows should be used as little as possible. In some designs, we can also consider giving up. For example, spotlights and light strips that most families only use occasionally are actually very expensive designs and are likely to become a great waste. Through material comparison, color matching and other means, it can completely replace spotlights and light belts. In addition, when moving to a new house, try not to change the furniture that can continue to be used. Use more bamboo and rattan furniture. These materials are highly renewable and can also reduce the consumption of forest resources. Low-carbon life, the home industry seems to have gone ahead. From environmental protection materials to environmental protection decoration, from cutting down trees to building fast-growing forests, from lighting roof design to solar lamps ... human life activities need to consume energy and release a lot of carbon dioxide. Scientists have found that in the past 200 years, the carbon dioxide content in the air has increased by 30%, which is generally believed to be related to various extreme climates. The designer of Dongyi Risheng suggested that simple decoration should follow the principle of "less decoration, less decoration". Even if there are many problems in the room structure, don't make large-scale changes. Consumers can communicate with designers more and solve or make up for it in other ways. Use less decorative techniques such as partition in the room, and try to achieve the effect of changing with the space. If you must use partitions, try to combine them with lockers, bookcases and other furniture to reduce their chances of independent existence and increase indoor space. In addition, reducing the setting of partitions can also accelerate the indoor air flow and reduce the energy consumption of household appliances such as air conditioners and electric fans. Make full use of recyclable materials. The raw materials in the household industry need to consume a lot of energy in collection, manufacturing and transportation, and rarely achieve "low carbon" and "sustainable development". "Home improvement design is popular with' natural style', not only to cater to the rural style." Huatai classic decoration designers believe that the significance of the popular "natural wind" in home decoration lies in its protection of the natural environment, and suggest that owners should try to use recyclable materials when choosing materials such as wood, cotton, metal, plastic, glass and rattan. In the choice of decorative materials, many people do not pay attention to environmental protection, but easily fall into some misunderstandings. In the decoration process, in fact, we can choose more light partition materials such as light steel keel and gypsum board, and use less materials such as clay solid bricks, spotlights, aluminum alloy doors and windows that waste a lot of resources, which also reduces the carbon emissions of home improvement projects from the side. Some home decoration designers also believe that the rational use of waste materials in home life is also of great significance for creating a "low-carbon" living environment. For example, drying the drunk tea leaves to make a pillow core is not only comfortable, but also helps to improve sleep; It is simple and convenient to use waste paper shells as ashtrays and throw them away after use. After careful DIY, these unremarkable wastes can turn waste into treasure, making their homes more environmentally friendly, warmer and full of joy in realizing creativity. The core of energy-saving and low-carbon home is energy saving, but energy saving does not mean sacrificing the comfort of living, or turning off the air conditioning or heating system. Low-carbon life is actually an attitude, which is to make people's body and mind in a comfortable state on the premise of having the least impact on human living environment and even helping to improve human living environment. For example, using renewable energy such as solar energy for lighting and heating; There are many zero-emission buildings in Europe with good thermal insulation effect. Under the condition of natural ventilation, the insulation layer can adjust the indoor temperature to a suitable level.
[Edit this paragraph] Public query
With the increasing climate pressure, developing a low-carbon economy, building a low-carbon city and realizing a low-carbon life in an all-round way have gradually become the knowledge of all walks of life. However, some citizens and even government officials still have five doubts about realizing a low-carbon life, which need to be solved by all parties.
Puzzle 1
The most important greenhouse gas is water vapor, and its greenhouse effect reaches 80~95%. According to different research data, firstly, carbon dioxide only accounts for 10- 14% of greenhouse gases, of which 85-97% is produced in nature. Therefore, the contribution of carbon dioxide gas produced by human beings to the greenhouse effect is extremely limited (0.2-0.3%). Fred Singer, an atmospheric physicist, calculated that if the Kyoto Protocol can achieve its goal, it can reduce the greenhouse effect, with an impact on the earth's temperature of only 0.05 degrees in 2050. In today's economic crisis, western society suddenly advocates a low-carbon life. What is the intention?
Puzzle 2
Does realizing a low-carbon life mean lowering the living standard of urban residents? Some citizens believe that from the perspective of saving resources and energy, protecting the environment and reducing carbon emissions, achieving a low-carbon life is not only a major event, but also a good thing. However, judging from the requirements of low-carbon life, it may reduce people's hard-won living standards. For example, while people's living standards are improving, they hope to improve their travel conditions by buying cars with large displacement or better performance, and they hope to buy bigger houses to improve their living conditions, which are obviously incompatible with low-carbon life. Wang Xianen, a professor at the School of Environment and Resources of Jilin University, and other experts believe that there is no conflict between fully realizing a low-carbon life and maintaining or improving people's living standards. Their common goal is to better improve people's living environment and conditions. The key is to find a combination point, explore a low-carbon sustainable consumption model, and minimize the use of products that consume more energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide while maintaining a high standard of living. Yang Yisheng, deputy director of the Fujian Provincial Government Development Research Center, said that low-carbon life is not a backward way of life, and engaging in a low-carbon economy will not necessarily reduce our quality of life. In a low-carbon economy, convenient transportation and comfortable and spacious houses can be guaranteed, and low-carbon technology can be used to solve these problems. For example, in cities, reclaimed water can be used to irrigate green space, renewable energy such as solar energy can be used for lighting and daily use, clean energy such as coalbed methane can be used as fuel for automobiles, and renewable energy heat pump technology such as sewage source, shallow water source, deep high-temperature underground water source and soil source can solve building heating. In Huihe Park, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province, all the street lamps, underground lamps, courtyard lamps and lawn lamps used are powered by solar energy, and all the lamps are intelligently controlled to realize automatic lighting during the day and at night, saving about 800,000 kWh of electricity every year. While enjoying the physical and mental pleasure brought by urban construction, local citizens have virtually saved energy resources and reduced carbon emissions.
Puzzled three
Zhang Huilian, a senior project officer at the Center for Sustainable Development Education of the Institute of Environment and Development, said: "Low-carbon life is actually very simple to do. If the temperature of bath water is reduced by 65438 0 degrees, carbon dioxide can be reduced by 35 grams per bath; Turn off the range hood after cooking, saving 10 minutes a day and 12 kwh a year. " The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has put forward several suggestions on personal "low-carbon lifestyle", such as changing 45 minutes of exercise on an electric treadmill to jogging in a nearby park, which can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by nearly 1 1,000 grams; Don't use the washing machine to dry clothes, let clothes dry naturally, which can reduce the emission of 2300 grams of carbon dioxide; Turning off computers and monitors at rest and after work can not only save electricity, but also reduce the carbon dioxide emissions of these appliances 1/3 and so on.
Puzzled four
Low-carbon life is a matter for urban residents. Can the government and relevant departments be "shopkeepers"? The leaders of some city governments and relevant departments believe that low-carbon life is mainly concentrated in the life field of citizens, which is their own business, and mainly depends on the citizens themselves to change their ideas and practice. On the one hand, the government and relevant departments have no right to interfere, on the other hand, they are powerless to change citizens' daily life style. Experts believe that the government and relevant departments are not only managers of social affairs, but also service providers of people's lives. Low-carbon life is not only the conscious behavior of citizens, but also the need for the government and relevant departments to create a low-carbon living environment. For example, building a low-carbon community, supporting "vein" industries such as garbage collection, and giving certain rewards to citizens who consciously practice a low-carbon lifestyle. , all have the role of "four or two" and form a good low-carbon lifestyle. Some citizens also expressed the hope that the local government and relevant departments would provide some information services and introduce some policies to guide their life behavior. Cities such as Taiyuan and Baoding have effectively guided citizens' lifestyles and consumption habits by formulating and implementing green standards involving various industries and issuing low-carbon life manuals. The successful practice of these cities also proves that in the process of realizing low-carbon life, the government and relevant departments can not only be "shopkeepers", but also promote the effective development of the whole work through their own efforts.
Puzzled five
With the issue of low carbon becoming a hot topic, more and more people begin to pay attention to low carbon, but at the same time, there are also disputes about low carbon. More and more opposition voices tell us that the issue of low carbon is controversial. With the outbreak of the Climate Gate incident, the fact that scientists of the United Nations IPCC tampered with the data privately to cater to global warming shocked the whole world. Many domestic scholars have also said: global warming is controversial, and low carbon is not equal to environmental protection! Many articles and books (such as In the Name of Carbon) systematically exposed the whole story of low-carbon scam. Some opponents even call low carbon fundamentalist hysteria. Of course, environmental problems are closely related to people's lives. The rehabilitation of carbon dioxide here is not to condone people's damage to the environment. Compared with those who put on a show in the name of carbon, we should devote more energy to those environmental problems that really need our governance. I hope that we Baidu Encyclopedia can awaken the public's skepticism to pursue the truth and awaken the domestic mainstream media-don't blindly follow the trend, we need to think independently.
[Edit this paragraph] China people's low-carbon life