talk about the effective ways of vocational guidance and entrepreneurship education in secondary vocational schools
Paper Keywords: vocational guidance and entrepreneurship education for secondary vocational students
Abstract: Doing a good job in vocational guidance is the key to the future development of secondary vocational schools and whether the students they train can find jobs suitable for their own development, which plays an important role in promoting the connection between schools and society, strengthening the school-running mechanism, optimizing professional settings and rationally regulating the personnel training objectives.
Facing the increasingly pragmatic employment needs of enterprises, the existing employment psychology and ability level of secondary vocational students, especially the severe employment situation, how to do a good job of career guidance is a key link related to whether the students who are developed and trained in secondary vocational schools can find jobs suitable for their own development, and plays an extremely important role in promoting the connection between schools and society, strengthening the school-running mechanism, optimizing professional settings, and rationally standardizing the objectives and specifications of personnel training.
under the general trend of the transition from vocational education to employment education, we have accepted the national education science? Fifteen? Planning key projects of the Ministry of Education? Research and experiment on vocational guidance and entrepreneurship education? In the course of the experiment, as the host of the project, I personally organized and participated in the whole process of research and experiment, and summarized some methods and ways of exploring vocational guidance and entrepreneurship education in our school in order to communicate with colleagues.
1. Integrating the curriculum system
Since we started the research on career guidance, our school has integrated the curriculum resources, mainly offering career guidance and entrepreneurship courses with entrepreneurship education as the main line, and separating 32 lessons from the moral education courses in the teaching plan as career guidance courses to provide students with professional ethics education, career selection, employment and entrepreneurship guidance.
According to a survey conducted by China Youth Daily, freshmen have four major problems: goal orientation, interpersonal communication, learning problems and employment pressure. It can be seen that employment has become an important part of freshmen's thinking. Therefore, we arrange employment guidance courses from freshmen to realize the whole process and full staff of teaching, facing all students and running through the whole high school study period. According to different stages, the contents of employment guidance have different emphases, such as helping students to establish employment concept, enhancing employment awareness, strengthening competition awareness, cultivating entrepreneurial spirit, developing career planning, cultivating professional ability and professionalism, further clarifying learning objectives, strengthening learning initiative and strengthening the training of comprehensive ability through employment guidance courses. The third grade focuses on the study of employment policy, the analysis of employment situation, the collection of employment information, job preparation, job selection skills, self-employment and psychological adjustment. Change the career guidance course from temporary and seasonal to stable and routine, and it is continuous and targeted. Will it be sporadic, scattered, lecture-like, and mobilized? Guidance? Settle down as a course.
at the same time, give full play to it? Two lessons? , professional courses, humanities education, graduation education on the role of students' employment guidance, the relevant content of employment guidance into other teaching activities, to build a complete school employment guidance curriculum system. According to the characteristics of employment guidance course, the system should include not only classroom teaching, but also special lectures, employment consultation, successful alumni reports and other forms.
second, improve the teaching documents
as a course, the construction of teaching materials is essential. However, due to the particularity of employment guidance course, it is difficult to have a comprehensive, long-term, stable and applicable teaching material. Therefore, the selection of teaching materials and the compilation of lecture notes are very important. Teachers should systematically and orderly determine the teaching content through document learning, information collection, extensive reading and extensive consulting, and compile applicable course syllabus, standardized lecture notes or study guides, complete teaching plans and detailed teaching plans to make vivid, intuitive, practical and detailed teaching plans. Establish information base and case base to lay the foundation and create conditions for constantly updating teaching content, and at the same time, establish effective evaluation mechanism and evaluation method.
Third, improve teaching methods
The career guidance course is a practical, practical and participatory course. Therefore, teachers should not only have extensive theoretical knowledge, but also have rich information and practical experience. Otherwise, teachers' teaching will only stay in oral preaching and talk on paper, and the ideal results will not be achieved. Under the premise of following the curriculum system and classroom teaching rules, the methods of data analysis, visiting and discussing, case guidance, scene simulation and simulated job fairs are introduced to carry out teaching in a novel and flexible way, which can effectively stimulate students' learning enthusiasm, initiative and participation and improve teaching effect.
IV. Compiling School-based Textbooks
The employment of graduates is not only related to the immediate interests of students, but also to the survival and future sustainable development of the school. With the deepening of China's economic reform, there are more and more college graduates, and employers have higher and higher requirements for graduates' academic level and ability. The graduates of secondary vocational schools have relatively low academic level, narrow knowledge and single professional skills, and most graduates and their parents regard good working environment, more money and less labor intensity as the first criterion for choosing a job. Therefore, the employment of vocational secondary school students is becoming more and more difficult. In this case, it is particularly important to strengthen students' career guidance.
Based on my years of work experience and research on vocational guidance and entrepreneurship education, I have compiled the School-based Textbook for Vocational Guidance, combining with the reality of various majors in our school. Its purpose is to help students analyze the supply and demand situation and development trend of the labor market, so that students can understand the relevant employment policies; Guide students to establish a rational sense of occupation, form an objective concept of occupation, and do a good job in their own positioning; Introduce the requirements and working conditions of relevant occupations and posts to students, and guide students to choose their jobs correctly; Cultivate students' methods and skills in job hunting and job hunting, and enhance their competitiveness in job hunting; To measure and evaluate students' professional ability and psychological quality, to help students correctly judge their ability, hobbies and specialties, and to choose a career reasonably according to their own reality. In the use of the experiment, good results have been achieved.
V. Strengthening social practice
Experiential education is an educational method that fits the characteristics of vocational school students very well. It pays attention to practice and cultivates students' practical ability, such as vocational school students' internship, training and post placement in enterprises, which are the concrete manifestations of experiential education. In the course of this research experiment, the research group opened the classroom, strengthened students' social practice and carried out experiential education in the experimental class. Specific methods: organize students to investigate the talent market and labor employment market, and sell themselves or experience it personally. For example, tourism students go to the local labor market in Benxi to experience the taste of job hunting for themselves, and let them use the skills they usually learn to see if they work. As a result, students have different reactions when they come back, but there is one thing: what they get from personal experience is much more than what they learn from textbooks. Regularly arrange students to practice in enterprises and training units, such as hotel and tourism students, whose majors are room, catering, drinks, tour guide service, tourism geography, etc. On the one hand, the school contacts Yong 'an Hotel, Datang Hotel and other units to let them go there for a week to practice and improve their service level and skills; On the other hand, we also contact major travel agencies to let our students regularly visit Benxi Water Cave, Huanren Wunv Mountain and other tourist attractions to improve their tour guide skills and knowledge. Collect employment information extensively, and contact employment units in multiple directions and channels. The ultimate goal of training students in vocational schools is to push students to the society and accept the test of society, so employment has become the most important level, and the purpose of many parents sending their children to vocational schools is also here. Therefore, the teachers of our employment office travel all over the country to contact the employers in various ways for our students. Organize supply and demand meetings every year, and conscientiously do a good job in the employment of experimental class graduates. The annual employment rate is over 96%.
after several years of research and experiments, all the members of our research group have worked hard and made unremitting efforts in the process of exploring ways and means of vocational guidance and entrepreneurship education. No pains, no gains? I believe that Benxi Business Service School, which has been baptized by vocational guidance and entrepreneurship education, will be more vigorous and prosperous under the tide of vocational education transition, and cultivate more entrepreneurs for the country and society.
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