Supplementary explanation of the national unified examination outline for enrollment of colleges and universities in Hunan Province in 2005? After the publication of "Chinese", how to write the appreciation essay of literary works on the fifth question has become the most concerned thing for senior three teachers and students. As a comprehensive challenge to the traditional teaching methods such as "dismembering the text" and boring preaching in middle school Chinese teaching, this major "face-changing" of the Chinese test questions in the college entrance examination this year can be described as a stone stirring up a thousand waves. However, this "face change" is tentative after all, and the determination of standards will definitely take into account the reality of Chinese teaching in middle schools and students' Chinese ability. Therefore, the author thinks that rules are more important than personality, arrangement is more important than writing well, writing is more important than Excellence, and goodwill is more important than beauty. Pay attention to the following five "points", and the appreciation ability of the essay is not much different.

First, leave less "hard wounds"

The composition of the college entrance examination is most afraid of leaving a "hard injury" because of unclear examination questions, and this year's appreciation composition is no exception. Careful examination of the questions and writing according to the requirements of the questions are the key to ensure that there are no problems and no "serious injuries". Judging from the "sample questions" provided in the supplementary notes, the requirements for appreciating the composition questions are very clear. If you don't follow them, you may be "scarred" and give the marking teacher a handle to deduct points.

In the stem of the question, it is stipulated that "writing an appreciation essay of about 300 words" must be "a short essay", with a title and a body, a beginning and an end. You can't ask and answer questions, but you should write a short essay; It must be an "appreciation" essay, an appreciation and analysis of the work, not an extension, and it must belong to literary criticism, not a comment and recommendation; The length must be controlled at "about 300 words", not too much, and it is not appropriate to make a long speech. The author believes that the quality of short essay writing can be basically guaranteed as long as we abide by the "rules" clearly put forward in the title stem, do not find another way on these basic requirements, and leave no "hard injuries".

Second, "shelf" is better.

Sparrows are small and complete; Although the article is short, the structure must be complete. Since it is required to write "an article" and "an appreciation essay" instead of "a paragraph" and "an appreciation essay", it is necessary to set up a good shelf and make good layout and article planning.

First of all, we should make a good start. To appreciate the beginning of a short essay, you don't need too many "skills", just a few words, present the basic idea of the full text concisely, and make a "general introduction" to the content, and it is best to separate it into paragraphs for the reviewers to see at a glance. Put forward the outline first, and then arrange the structure of the text according to the characteristics or needs of the content. Or take the content of the "summary" as a whole and analyze it directly with examples; Or divide the content of "general mention" into several specific aspects and analyze them one by one. The former can be described as "argument juxtaposition" structure, while the latter can be described as "argument juxtaposition" structure. Finally, there should be a simple ending to wrap the full text: on the basis of summarizing the content, we can emphasize the beginning with echo, extend it appropriately with emotion, talk about inspiration to guide writing, and so on.

Third, the "incision" is smaller.

In the fifth topic "Examples" of Supplementary Notes, there are three appreciation essays: 1, Bao Qiu's theme and performance analysis; 2. Appreciation of Bao Qiu's artistic techniques: 3. Talking about Bao Qiu's conception skills. It can be seen that these three topics are relatively broad, and all of them only put forward the direction of appreciation, without prompting the specific content, which is obviously considered from the perspective of never limiting the thinking of candidates. There is no standard answer to literary appreciation. Different people have different opinions, and wise people can express their opinions and let a hundred flowers blossom. Therefore, the topic of appreciation composition in Hunan college entrance examination paper in 2005 may be such a wide topic, which will not confine candidates to a certain corner. What should I do in the face of such a wide range of topics? Wide topic and narrow work, big topic and small work. The topic is a broad "face", but we must grasp a specific "point" when writing; The topic is the big direction, but the small angle must be highlighted when writing. For example, Appreciation of Artistic Techniques involves many directions such as expression, rhetoric and expression. Among them, "performance" includes narrative, description, discussion, explanation, lyricism and so on; On the other hand, "narrative" contains several "points" such as order, characters and details. Just 300 words cannot and should not cover everything. When writing, you can only grasp one of the "points" and make a concrete analysis. Only by opening your mouth a little smaller can you make it clear and discuss it properly. Some teachers suggested that students draw up two titles: the title indicates their own "mouth" and the subtitle adopts the title provided in the test questions. Its essence is to narrow the wide questions and narrow the big ones. I think it makes sense.

Fourth, give more examples.

Writing literary criticism is naturally inseparable from retelling and excerpting. Retelling refers to a general introduction to the plot, structure and content of a work; Abstraction refers to the quotation of the original fragments and sentences, which is an "example" to support the point of view. With them, the argument can be justified, and it will not be empty and irrelevant. When writing, once the basic viewpoints (including arguments differentiated from the basic viewpoints) are put forward, it is necessary to repeat or extract them, and quote specific and sufficient "examples" to explain and confirm them. Even if you write an appreciation essay, you should repeatedly quote the original text; And might as well do more retelling and quoting, and give more "examples" to better demonstrate the point of view, which is well-founded and substantial. Of course, the premise of citing "examples" must be accurate and appropriate, otherwise, it is better to use them less. This is not a call for candidates to "make trouble without reason." No matter retelling or excerpting, it should meet the needs of the viewpoint and have positive significance for the establishment of the viewpoint, and the viewpoint materials should not be divided into oil and water, and the reasons are out of touch. As evidence, retelling and excerpting must also be scientific and focused; You can't ignore the needs of your own views, repeat them in an all-round way and quote them in large paragraphs.

5. appreciation is in place.

Well-founded, but it must also be based on blending; Appreciation and analysis are the most important things to appreciate a short passage. After quoting "examples", we should explain, analyze and comment to reveal its cognitive and aesthetic value, instead of simply repeating and quoting a few words, pasting a simple sentence or two according to intuitive feelings, or even mechanically copying it from other places. It is a taboo to write discussion articles with evidence; Adding ideas and materials is a taboo in writing appreciation articles. When writing, you should have basic ideas and sufficient materials. The most important thing is to analyze and dissect the materials according to the needs of thought, so that the materials can play a role in supporting the views and the views can be strongly supported by the materials. The so-called "appreciation in place" refers to the concrete analysis of materials, so that they can prove the point of view, thus bridging the gap between materials and points of view. Appreciating a short passage can only be said to be a convincing and good article if there are accurate retelling and necessary excerpts, as well as logical analysis and argumentation.

We say "appreciation is in place" instead of "appreciation is accurate", and another consideration is based on students' appreciation level. After all, I am a middle school student. I don't have much experience and skills in art appreciation, and I have been passively accepting other people's appreciation conclusions for many years. I eat a lot of fish, but I seldom go into the water to catch fish. "Accurate appreciation" may be too demanding, and it is not bad to make an "appreciation" to justify itself. Therefore, the author believes that when writing and appreciating essays, don't be afraid of this and that, and worry a lot. You can boldly "appreciate" and boldly express your understanding. A thousand people may have a thousand Hamlets, and literary appreciation will never have a standard answer!

Liu Zuijin from Yue Yun Middle School in Hengshan County, Hunan Province