The top-down model is very fruitful
The province has established different models of beautiful countryside construction, such as small town construction, integrated urban and rural development, development of specialty industries, poverty alleviation and relocation, and protection of traditional villages, etc. by the mechanism of "competition for projects, standardized management, environmental remediation, operation and maintenance, and performance evaluation". The project system, pilot system approach has greatly stimulated the vitality of the grassroots, between 2013 and 2016, the province **** established 562 beautiful countryside construction pilot projects, through the provincial financial guidance to drive social funds into the pilot project. 2017, the province launched a beautiful countryside construction demonstration counties to compete for the project work, **** there are 31 counties have been established as a beautiful countryside demonstration counties. The establishment of demonstration counties marks the beautiful countryside construction in our province has entered the stage of being led from point to point, the infrastructure conditions and human environment of the villages where the township government is located and the key central villages have been significantly improved, the level of equalization of public *** services has been significantly improved, and the effectiveness of townships and villages in terms of population agglomeration has been increased.In 2017, our province also introduced the "Comprehensive Agricultural Development of High-standard Farmland Construction Mode Innovation and the Construction of Beautiful Countryside Pilot Declaration Project". Rural Construction Pilot Declaration and Project", and after screening, Suiping County in Zhumadian was approved to carry out the pilot work of the Comprehensive Agricultural Development High-standard Farmland Construction Model Innovation and Beautiful Rural Construction Project.Since 2018, a series of combinations of combinations to improve the rural habitat environment, such as garbage management, sewage treatment, toilet revolution, and village appearance upgrading, have made the level of the rural habitat environment in the province Obviously improved, during which *** completed the transformation of harmless sanitary toilets 6.37 million households, the sanitary toilet penetration rate reached 83%, more than 85% of the counties (cities, districts) built the whole area of urban-rural integration of market-oriented cleaning mechanism, 95% of the administrative villages of the life of the garbage has been effectively managed, and the satisfaction of the masses is maintained at more than 80%.
Our province's achievements have also been recognized by the state: in the first batch of national village planning demonstration list, "Xinyang City, Guangshan County, Jingshui Temple Resorts Management District Yangfan village planning" is listed; the second batch of the national characteristics of the list of small towns, "Ruzhou City, Python Chuan town, Gongyi City, Zhulin town, etc. 11 towns" on the list. 11 towns" on the list; in 2017, in the national list of demonstration villages for improving rural habitat, Henan Province has 3 basic demonstration villages, 4 environmental improvement demonstration villages and 3 beautiful countryside demonstration villages; in 2020, in the list of demonstration counties for classifying and utilizing rural household waste, Yongcheng City of Shangqiu City and Guangshan County of Xinyang City of the province are on the list, and among the characteristic leisure and beautiful villages recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangfan Village of Henan Province is on the list. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development recommended the characteristics of leisure and beautiful countryside, Henan Province, there are eight shortlisted.
In summary, the top-down construction of beautiful villages relies on the support of national and local financial resources, with the project system competition as the main means, through the upper level of the formulation of policies and the implementation of the implementation of the lower level, to stimulate the spirit of grassroots organizations to entrepreneurial spirit, to stimulate the villagers to explore the characteristics of the industry and culture, and to promote the "point to lead the way" way to improve the rural habitat and ecological environment, and to improve the environment.
These are the first time I've ever seen a person with a high school diploma.
The bottom-up model is a necessary complement
The bottom-up model of beautiful countryside construction is characterized by a "silent" approach. It mainly relies on private capital, with the participation of social leaders, through low-cost, high-standard, humane way to beautify the rural environment and purify the rural humanities, this model not only increases the sense of happiness of the rural aborigines, but also increases the sense of value of the urban residents, and opens up the flow of elements between urban and rural areas, is a model worth promoting. The following is an analysis of several common patterns as examples.
First, the development of tourism and B&B economy to drive the construction of beautiful villages. Mengzhou City, Mo Gou village is originally a remote village with closed transportation, a group of villagers in the past two years to return to their hometowns to start their own businesses, fully excavate the local landscape resources and pits kiln caves, the construction of ecological water systems, the opening of family hotels, restaurants, the development of rural tourism, lodging economy, the holding of a traditional cultural lecture hall, the village of popularity in the gathering, cultural activities in the enrichment of the countryside has brought a wave of civilization and a new wind. Xinyang City, Pingqiao District, Hao Tang village 80% of the young people to return to their hometowns to start their own businesses, not digging mountains, not filling pits, not pickpocketing, not cutting trees, with a unique natural environment, ancient villages, folklore as the soul of the village, the village into the natural world, so that the "field into a park, agricultural area into a scenic spot, the farmhouse into a guest room," was selected as a national beautiful and livable villages.
Second, the operation of organic recycling farms to promote the construction of beautiful villages. The village of Xiaolugu in Yuanyang County, Xinxiang City, was originally a poor village, farm owner Li Wei and Japanese expert Kawasaki Hiroto transformed the original pig farm, the development of organic recycling farms. 70-year-old Kawasaki in the office of the farm window affixed to the "daytime do not drink white wine," "do not smoke, do not spit," "clean the toilet to be diligent," and the "daytime do not drink white wine," "do not smoke, do not spit". "Be diligent in cleaning toilets" and other slogans on the windows of the farm office. By demonstrating this, he has helped villagers in the neighborhood to develop the habit of cleaning their own yards, practicing good hygiene, and caring for the environment. The contributions of the farm include: attracting foreigners to visit and learn in Xiao Liu Gu through training business; vegetable greenhouses relying on organic fertilizers and artificial maintenance, selling products through the e-commerce platform, providing employment opportunities for villagers; making compost and liquid fertilizers for villagers to use free of charge, and villagers contributing to the raw materials. Small Liu solid farm is now listed as "recycling agriculture demonstration farm", the farm's recycling agriculture gradually improve the local ecology, the Yellow River side of the poverty-stricken village also attracted geese, egrets and other animals return to roost, the poverty-stricken village has become a beautiful people, beautiful scenery, beautiful industry.
These are the ways in which the community can improve the appearance of the countryside by utilizing capital and driving industrial development. Industrial development is also the way to the sustainable development of beautiful villages.
***Policy Recommendations for Building a Beautiful Countryside
The top-down construction of a beautiful countryside can effectively improve the rural habitat and natural ecological environment, and should continue to be promoted to serve the majority of rural residents. Bottom-up beautiful countryside construction can supplement the rural areas not covered by the policy, such as barren mountains and uninhabited ancient villages, etc. It should encourage and mobilize all parties to transform these spatial fields on their own initiative, to improve the local ecological environment and to serve the social needs. Specific policy recommendations are as follows:
First, according to the requirements of the "Beautiful Countryside Construction Guidelines" to continue to promote the planning of established villages, village construction, village appearance improvement, countryside governance, public **** service provision, etc., this part of the activities can not be handed over to the market to complete, and need to be improved through top-down financial funds, political pressure. And the province's efforts to fight for the central financial funds are not strong enough, and the province's attention to the protection of traditional villages and the ability to obtain higher-level finance need to be strengthened. Strengthening the ability to obtain higher-level financial can guarantee the sustainable promotion of the construction of beautiful villages in our province.
Second, deepen the reform of the rural land system, broaden the scope of the transfer of residential land, arable land and collective construction land, extend the transfer cycle, do a good job of property rights certification and protection, and expand the scope of the market. Encourage social capital to rural areas to carry out organic planting, modern forestry, modern animal husbandry, build platforms to promote cooperation between large-scale family farms and small farms, use unified channels in the procurement, planting, sales and other environments to reduce industrial costs. Formulate measures to support the development of organic recycling agriculture, and encourage capital to carry out the recreation industry, tourism and leisure industry in the countryside. At the same time, do a good job of regulating illegal construction in rural areas, through satellite data and other means, to stop the capital of large-scale construction, building halls and halls, illegal construction of villas and so on. Through the "bottom-up" approach to the development of rural industrial economy, the beautiful countryside construction to provide industrial support.
Third, to guide the scientific and technological empowerment of the construction of beautiful countryside. Encourage social capital to participate in the construction of digital agriculture and digital countryside, promote the application of agricultural remote sensing, Internet of Things, 5G, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc., and improve the level of informatization of agricultural production, rural governance, and social services; participate in the investment of information infrastructure in agriculture and rural areas, and the construction of the basic data resource system and the big data center of the whole industrial chain of important agricultural products; and encourage social capital to participate in the construction of the "Internet +". Encourage social capital to participate in the construction of "Internet+" agricultural products out of the village into the city project, information into the village into the household project, promote the network sales of high-quality specialty agricultural products, and promote the docking of agricultural products production and marketing. Through the "bottom-up" approach to guide financial technology companies to provide scientific and technological support for the construction of beautiful villages.
Fourth, officials, retirees from enterprises and institutions, and migrant workers are encouraged to participate in the construction of the countryside as "new township sages". The new township sages are the "converter" of the old and new cultures, and they can use their own charisma to infect the people around them, and deliver national policies and modern knowledge in a pleasant way to gather people's hearts and minds; the new township sages are also the "safety valves" for easing the social conflicts. They can make use of their high group status to resolve conflicts between villagers and between villagers and policies. Therefore, the formulation of specific policies to encourage the virtuous people to return to the countryside, to solve their specific difficulties in rural life, which will help the construction of beautiful villages in the "civilization of governance" in the completion of the full.
In short, the construction of beautiful countryside should pay attention to the differences in conditions, and adhere to the local conditions, classified guidance. Do not engage in one-size-fits-all, do not engage in large-scale construction, pay more attention to the characteristics of the village and personality, make the best use of the situation to promote the harmony between man and man, man and nature, the village form and the ecological environment complement each other.