Treatment facilities "sunbathing" are still common.
"The sewage and garbage disposal in administrative villages is relatively slow. Compared with cities and counties, environmental infrastructure such as sewage and garbage is seriously lagging behind. Public services between regions are also unbalanced. The sewage treatment rate in the eastern region is 34. 1%, the central region is 13%, and the western region is only 12.4%. " Li, director of the Environmental PPP Center of the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, recently pointed out at the 20 18 (4th) Environmental Governance Forum.
The challenges faced in the field of rural domestic sewage treatment have obvious regional characteristics and are closely related to factors such as economic development and social development level in various regions. Qin Gang, a senior expert on water supply and drainage in the World Bank, said that the eastern provinces are economically developed and densely populated, and centralized sewage treatment plants and sewage pipe networks can be built. Central provinces have begun to build centralized sewage treatment plants and sewage pipe networks, but the rate of receiving households is not high. The western region has a relatively low level of economic development, sparsely populated, harsh geographical environment and climate, and has not yet met the conditions of village-level sewage treatment plants and sewage pipe networks.
It is worth mentioning that rural sewage treatment facilities generally have the phenomenon of "building without using, just basking in the sun". According to the announcement No.2018 issued by the National Audit Office-the results of the follow-up audit of the implementation of major national policies and measures in the fourth quarter of 2017 show that the construction of environmental protection projects is slow or idle after completion. For example, among 195 sewage treatment facilities in Jiangsu Province, 146 are idle, involving an investment of1044977,700 yuan, and the real operation rate is insufficient 10%.
"There is a big disconnect between the local top-level design link and the demand. In some places, in order to win special funds, some projects are very hard, but after building a large number of facilities, they are idle, and finally a' sunbathing' project is formed. " Yan said.
Jing Yuanyuan, head and chief industry analyst of the aquatic industry research center of E20 environmental platform, pointed out that village sewage is an important link in the comprehensive management of water environment, but the "sunbathing" phenomenon of treatment facilities is more serious than that of urban sewage treatment facilities.
In addition, Li also pointed out that there is a lack of treatment standards in the field of township sewage treatment, and urban standards are applied in many places. However, the rural layout is scattered, the scale is small, the population of villages and towns is floating, and the water quantity is unstable. If the basic water quantity is agreed as the minimum paid water quantity according to the idea of urban sewage treatment project, social capital and local governments will face greater risks.
Wang Hongchen, deputy dean of the School of Environmental Studies of Renmin University of China and director of the Research Center for Low-carbon Water Environment Technology of Renmin University of China, pointed out that at present, many provinces and cities require "one village, one policy" for rural sewage treatment, but there are more than 2 million natural villages and more than 600,000 administrative villages in China, so it is impossible to have so many treatment technologies. Therefore, there must be mainstream technology. However, the mainstream technology of rural sewage treatment in China has not reached a * * * understanding.
"Some areas are too pursuing high processing technology. There is no discharge standard for rural sewage treatment. Many places are basically in accordance with the requirements of urban sewage treatment. On the surface, it is required to reach Grade A or even Grade 4, which often makes the financial expenditure unbearable. " Yan said.
Intensive policies have stimulated a huge market.
Rural sewage treatment has become the highlight of water pollution control this year. The document 1 (20 18), Opinions of the Central Committee of the State Council on Implementing the Rural Revitalization Strategy, clearly states that this year, a three-year action plan for improving the rural living environment will be implemented, with rural garbage, sewage treatment and village appearance improvement as the main directions.
Subsequently, the "Three-year Action Plan for Renovation of Rural Human Settlements" jointly issued by the Central Office and the State Council further proposed to actively promote sewage treatment technologies with low cost, low energy consumption, easy maintenance and high efficiency, and encourage the adoption of ecological treatment processes. Strengthen the source reduction of domestic sewage and the recycling of tail water. Incorporate rural water environment management into river length system and lake length system management.
At the National Ecological Environmental Protection Conference held in May this year, it was once again mentioned that rural garbage, sewage treatment and village appearance improvement should be the main direction to promote the comprehensive improvement of rural environment, and the state's investment in rural areas should also be tilted in this direction.
At the local level, the pace of rural sewage treatment is also accelerating. According to the reporter's incomplete statistics, up to now, nearly 20 provinces such as Hunan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Fujian, Yunnan and Anhui have successively issued a series of policies to promote sewage treatment in villages and towns. For example, Hunan Province proposes that by 2020, the treatment rate of urban domestic sewage will reach more than 70%, and the sewage treatment and resource utilization rate of rural toilets in the province will reach more than 70%. Shandong province proposes that by 2020, more than 50% of villages will treat domestic sewage, and more than 80% of villages in rural domestic sewage treatment demonstration counties will treat domestic sewage; The new rural communities have basically realized sewage collection and treatment.
Heavy investment is a bright spot. For example, Hainan Province proposed that from 20 18 to 2020, it plans to raise about1900 million yuan for the treatment of rural domestic sewage in the whole province.
A series of intensive policies at the national and local levels have also promoted the accelerated release of the rural sewage market. According to the calculation of E20 Research Institute, the sewage treatment rate of villages and towns will reach 60% in 2020, and it is estimated that the market space will still be 654.38+02 billion after the 13th Five-Year Plan.
"The urban sewage treatment market has become saturated, while the rural sewage treatment market presents a blue ocean." Wang Junan, assistant president of Sander International Limited and general manager of Rural Environment Group, said.
According to incomplete statistics, from June/KLOC-0 to May this year, * * 1 8 village and town sewage treatment projects with an investment of over 500 million yuan were released, with a cumulative investment of over16.5 billion yuan.