first, the basic spirit of the national grain circulation system reform. The main spirit of the grain circulation system reform is "three policies and one reform".

1. It is necessary to control the purchase, effectively open the purchase of farmers' surplus grain at the protective price, and truly grasp the grain source.

this is the most critical link, the need to protect farmers' interests, and the premise for state-owned grain purchasing and storage enterprises to realize the sale at a suitable price. It is necessary to reasonably formulate and timely announce the order price and protection price. All state-owned grain purchasing and storage enterprises should improve their service attitude and service level. They should buy as much surplus grain as farmers are willing to sell, buy it whenever they sell it, pay for it on the one hand and pay for it on the other, and must not limit or reject it. When purchasing farmers' grain, household-to-household accounts must be implemented, and no taxes other than agricultural taxes may be withheld. We must conscientiously implement the "Regulations on Grain Purchase", strengthen law enforcement, effectively manage the grain purchase market, and never allow private grain vendors to walk around villages or set up a listing to directly purchase farmers' grain. While managing the grain purchase market according to law, we should actively cultivate and standardize the grain wholesale market at or above the county level, further liberalize retail sales, and it is strictly forbidden to hinder grain trading activities other than purchase in any way, and regional blockade is strictly prohibited.

2. State-owned grain purchasing and storage enterprises must adhere to the policy of selling at a favorable price, and must not incur new losses. Shun-price sales means that state-owned grain storage enterprises are not allowed to sell grain to any unit or individual at a low price or in disguised form at a loss in any way, especially not to sell it to private processing plants at a low price. For state-owned grain processing, wholesale and retail enterprises that have implemented independent accounting, no uniform minimum selling price shall be stipulated, and these enterprises shall set their own prices and be responsible for their own profits and losses. Non-state-owned grain processing and retail enterprises should not interfere with their sales prices. The so-called "shun price" should be determined by the local grain authorities, and it is impossible to shun the price according to the purchase price of each batch of grain.

3. Ensure the supply of acquisition funds and closed operation. The Agricultural Development Bank should strengthen the supervision of grain purchase funds, carefully examine the grain purchase and sale contracts, and prohibit any unit or individual from taking any way to intercept the grain transfer funds, so as to ensure timely and full recovery of the corresponding loan principal and interest after grain transfer. The financial department should remotely verify that the grain risk fund is in place in full and on time, and the over-storage subsidy for state-owned grain enterprises should be paid in time, which can not affect the normal operation of enterprises and the closed operation of acquisition funds.

4. State-owned grain purchasing and storage enterprises must speed up their own reform, reduce staff and increase efficiency, improve management, reduce circulation costs and improve their competitiveness. We must strictly separate government from enterprises, completely decouple state-owned grain enterprises from grain administrative departments in terms of personnel and property, and separate the main business and affiliated business of grain storage enterprises as soon as possible, strengthen management, improve service quality and improve service attitude. Law and discipline must be strictly observed in the grain reform, and governments at all levels and relevant departments should intensify supervision and inspection, and seriously investigate and deal with all kinds of violations of policies and regulations.

Grain is the lifeblood of the country, and the government should allocate funds to build grain warehouses. We should do everything possible to solve the problem of insufficient storage capacity, pay close attention to the construction of storage warehouses directly under the central government, and build 25 billion kilograms of storage capacity before the summer harvest in 1999. At the same time, we should make full use of social storage facilities to ensure the open purchase of farmers' surplus grain at protective prices.

Second, actively promote the reform of grain circulation system in our province

According to the deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, our province quickly studied how to implement the reform of grain circulation system. At present, the reform of grain circulation system in our province has achieved phased results, and measures have been formulated to further promote the reform of grain circulation system in our province, but there are also some difficulties and problems.

(a) the province's grain circulation system reform has achieved phased results. On the basis of earnestly conveying and implementing a series of meetings on the national grain circulation system reform, all parts of the province have seized the key points of reform and vigorously promoted the grain circulation system reform. The provincial government held a video conference to further improve the reform of the grain circulation system in the province, which went directly to the township level. Our province has organized several working groups to inspect the implementation of the grain reform decision in the State Council, the Regulations on Grain Purchase, the Punishment Method for Illegal Acts of Grain Purchase and Sale and the purchase of summer grain. Judging from the inspection, the work of grain reform in our province has achieved phased results, and the main wings are as follows:

1. Effectively open up the purchase of farmers' surplus grain at protective prices. According to the State Council's spirit that the grain purchase price in 198 can be slightly lower than that in 1997, the executive meeting of the provincial government decided that the guiding target price for purchasing grain in our province in 198 was 51 kg of 61 yuan, a third-grade early indica rice valley, and the protective price for purchasing surplus grain was 5 5 yuan. When the market food price is lower than the protective price, it is purchased at the protective price; When the market food price is higher than the protective price, it shall be purchased with reference to the market food price, and high quality and good price shall be implemented. Municipalities determine the local purchase price according to this target guidance price, according to the production cost and financial affordability, and the principle of enabling farmers to get appropriate income and enterprises to sell at a price without new losses, allowing different regions and different varieties to have price differences. The following factors are mainly considered in determining this price target: first, to protect farmers' enthusiasm for grain production; Second, in recent years, the price level of the whole society is low, the cost of grain production has decreased accordingly, and the protective price should be lowered appropriately; Third, setting the protective price of the third-grade early indica rice valley slightly lower will help guide farmers to produce marketable and high-value grain varieties in the market and increase their income; Fourth, it is conducive to selling at a suitable price, reducing losses and reducing financial pressure; Fifth, price convergence with neighboring provinces such as Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Guangxi. The provincial order price and protection price can basically guarantee farmers' cost of growing grain and obtain certain profits. In some places, according to the changes in market food prices, the grain purchase price has been raised accordingly. It is generally reflected in all localities that such prices take into account the interests of producers, consumers and operators and the affordability of the government, which is basically reasonable. State-owned grain enterprises resolutely implement the open purchase policy, improve service attitude and improve service level. Farmers are generally satisfied with this and pay grain enthusiastically.

2. resolutely implement the policy of selling at a favorable price. State-owned grain departments conscientiously implement the decision of the State Council, and sell grain in strict accordance with the principle of guaranteeing capital and making small profits at the same price, which has played the role of the main channel, and the market grain price has gradually picked up. So far, the province has not found the phenomenon that state-owned grain purchasing and storage enterprises sell grain at a low price at a loss. The grain system of the whole province has curbed the momentum of soaring grain losses.

3. Ensure the supply of acquisition funds and closed operation. Agricultural development banks at all levels have cooperated closely with the grain sector and made careful arrangements for funds to ensure the supply of funds for grain purchase, and there has been no "IOUs" phenomenon in grain purchase. At the same time, the supervision of the process of grain purchase, marketing and reserve funds has been strengthened, and the supply and management of grain storage funds have been ensured in strict accordance with the principle of "linking treasury with loans" and closed operation. In 1998, the ratio of new loans to new grain and oil value reached 111%, and the repayment rate of transfer funds reached 111%, which ensured the closed operation of acquisition funds.

4. The reform of grain enterprises has been accelerated. The grain system of cities and counties in the province has been adjusted, and the government and enterprises have been separated. 217 grain processing plants, 31 feed mills, 14 transportation enterprises, more than 8,311 urban grain stores, and diversified large and medium-sized breeding and catering services have been separated from purchasing and storage enterprises, separated from their main businesses and subject to independent accounting. At present, the grain system is trying to do a good job in the transformation of system and mechanism and create "four new mechanisms". The first is to create a new administrative mechanism. According to the requirements of market economy, from direct and micro management to indirect and macro management. The second is to create a new mechanism for enterprise management. All state-owned grain enterprises, including grain depots, grain depots and grain depots, carry out independent accounting, operate independently, be responsible for their own profits and losses, and no longer assume the government's grain administration functions. The third is to create a new mechanism for enterprise organization. By setting up enterprise groups and reorganizing assets, the factors of production will be concentrated in famous products, backbone enterprises and advantageous enterprises, and the ability to resist market risks will be enhanced. The fourth is to create a new mechanism for diversified operations. Adhere to the principle of "industry-oriented, diversified economy and diversified development", focus on industry, give equal attention to trade, industry and agriculture, engage in planting and breeding in rural areas, open stores in cities and towns, centrally run industries, expand chain operations, adjust measures to local conditions and vigorously develop diversified operations. At the same time, according to the requirements of the State Council, do a good job in reducing staff and increasing efficiency. The province's grain system has diverted nearly 31 thousand people, exceeding the diversion plan issued by the relevant state departments.

5. The grain circulation order has obviously improved. After the State Council promulgated the "Regulations on Grain Purchase" and the "Measures for Punishment of Illegal Grain Purchase and Sale", all parts of the province issued the regulations and punishment measures to the grassroots in time, and carried out extensive and in-depth publicity through various forms such as TV stations, radio stations and publicity vehicles. In accordance with the principle of "controlling purchases, standardizing wholesale and releasing retail", the management of the grain market has been strengthened. Relevant departments jointly issued the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Grain Market. All localities have organized relevant departments to comprehensively clean up and rectify the local grain market, strengthened supervision and management of the grain purchase market and grain wholesale business, and organized joint inspection teams to stop other units and private grain vendors from directly purchasing grain in rural areas except state-owned grain purchasing and storage enterprises in time. Through the concerted efforts of all localities, the order of the grain purchasing market has obviously improved. At the same time, actively cultivate and standardize the grain wholesale market at or above the county level, further liberalize retail sales, invigorate grain circulation, and prohibit any way to hinder grain trading activities other than acquisition, and prohibit regional blockade. In addition, on the basis of signing long-term purchase and sale contracts (agreements) for rice, corn and soybean meal with Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Heilongjiang and other provinces in previous years, our province also signed grain purchase and sale agreements with relevant provinces, further stabilizing the channels for grain supply in our province.

6. The grain depot construction has achieved remarkable results. In the Ninth Five-Year Plan, our province planned to build a new 1.5 billion kg grain depot. After more than two years' efforts, it has achieved good results. At present, the province has invested more than 1 billion yuan, started 117 grain depot projects, started construction of 911 million kilograms of storage capacity, and completed more than 511 million kilograms of storage capacity.

for the construction of grain depots directly under the central government, the provincial government has set up a leading group and an office, and recommended 21 construction projects to the relevant state departments, and 16 projects have been approved, with a planned construction scale of 11.5 billion kilograms, with a total investment of 11.6 billion yuan. Where there are construction projects, all cities have strengthened their leadership over the construction of the library, earnestly fulfilled their commitments, effectively implemented the supporting work such as providing land for the construction of the library free of charge and exempting various taxes and fees, and handled various procedures quickly according to the requirements of the special affairs office, implemented the project legal person responsibility system, and ensured that the central library construction task was completed on time and in quality.

7. Completed the special audit of new grain financial losses and other unreasonable capital occupation. According to the deployment of the National Audit Office, the provincial audit department will conduct special audits in conjunction with relevant units. All localities quickly check and correct themselves and resolutely investigate and deal with violations of discipline and discipline; At the same time, as soon as possible to make a digestion plan, and the annual digestion plan into the fiscal budget of the year, resolutely in accordance with the provisions of the State Council, in three years after digestion.

(II) Main difficulties and problems existing in the current grain reform work

According to the problems found in the inspection and the reflected situation, although the reform of grain circulation system in our province has achieved initial results, it is still necessary to solve the problems existing in the grain reform work as soon as possible, overcome the difficulties and ensure the smooth progress of the grain reform work. At present, the main difficulties and problems are as follows: first, the understanding of the grain reform policy in some places is not accurate enough and there are deviations in its implementation; Second, the state-owned grain purchasing and storage enterprises are under great pressure to sell at a suitable price. Except for high-quality grain varieties, it is difficult for the aged grain in 1996 and 1997 to sell at a suitable price. Third, the grain purchase market is not completely controlled, and private businessmen illegally purchase grain from time to time; Fourth, the grain risk funds and interest expenses of local grain reserves that should be arranged in some places have not been fully implemented; Fifth, how to separate the main and subsidiary business of grass-roots grain management institutes needs further exploration and research.

(III) Main measures to further promote the development of grain reform The reform of grain circulation system is a work that has a bearing on the overall situation and is also a very complicated systematic project. It is necessary to correctly understand and fully implement the central grain reform policy, actively and steadily improve the reform of grain circulation system in our province, especially the implementation of the "three policies" and the promotion of the reform of state-owned grain enterprises themselves. Some difficulties and problems existing in the reform should be solved in time. For the problems found in the audit, the relevant departments formed inspection teams to supervise and inspect all localities, and resolutely corrected them according to the requirements of the national grain reform. We will resolutely investigate and deal with cases of violation of discipline and discipline, and will never tolerate them. Governments at all levels and relevant departments earnestly do a good job in grain reform in the province, and make due contributions to achieving the economic growth goal of our province and "increasing innovation advantages and making by going up one flight of stairs". At present, we should do the following work well:

1. Continue to buy surplus grain at protective price. After completing the task of ordering grain, all localities must continue to open up the purchase of surplus grain from farmers. We must do five things in particular: First, it is strictly forbidden to sit on the grain purchase site and collect the funds as a whole, and resolutely implement the price according to the quality; Second, it is necessary to thoroughly control the rural purchasing market and prohibit private businessmen from purchasing food in rural areas; The third is to ensure the supply of funds, and not to "make a white note"; Fourth, adjust the purchase price in time according to the changes in market grain prices, and implement the price according to quality; The fifth is to solve the storage capacity needed for purchasing grain in time.

2. Earnestly sell at a reasonable price. The prices of grain sold by grain depots, grain depots and grain depots around the country must be determined according to the principle of guaranteed profit and low price, and it is absolutely not allowed to sell at a loss in any form. For the state-owned grain processing, wholesale and retail enterprises that have implemented independent accounting, there is no uniform minimum selling price, and the enterprises shall set their own prices and be responsible for their own profits and losses. Non-state-owned grain processing and retail enterprises will not interfere with their sales prices.

3. Effectively close the operation of grain purchase funds. To strengthen the supervision of acquisition funds, we should mainly grasp two things: first, we should adhere to the "link between treasury and loan" in the acquisition, and receive 1 kg of grain and give 1 kg of grain money; Second, in the sales, we must pay off the money and grain, repay the loan in full, and sell 1 kg of grain, and we must return the principal and interest of 1 kg of grain. It is strictly forbidden for any unit or individual to intercept the purchase and sale of grain in any way to ensure the timely and full recovery of the principal and interest of the loan. State-owned grain purchasing and storage enterprises should strictly restrain themselves, and must not misappropriate grain purchase funds to ensure earmarking. The financial department must fully supplement the interest, expenses and subsidies that should be borne by local finance according to state regulations.

4. actively accelerate the reform of state-owned enterprises. Focus on the transformation of system and mechanism, improve economic benefits, and completely separate government from enterprise. The Grain Bureau does not directly interfere with the independent business activities of enterprises; Enterprises should go to the market in an all-round way and become independent, self-financing, self-discipline and self-development entities. It is necessary to speed up the pace of enterprise assets reorganization, actively carry out diversified operations, reduce staff and increase efficiency, and improve economic efficiency.

5. Resolutely digest the grain financial ledger on schedule. According to the decision of the State Council, our province will digest the losses in three years. Therefore, governments at all levels should work out feasible digestion plans as soon as possible. All localities should resolutely digest it every year. If it is not digested at maturity, the province will take administrative measures to solve it. In the future, we must resolutely operate according to the new grain circulation system.

6. Do a good job in grain depot construction. The Ninth Five-Year Plan period is an important period of grain depot construction in our province, which requires all localities to seize the opportunity and ensure the completion of the task. First, we must build a central grain depot. Where there is a project to build a central grain depot, we must earnestly strengthen leadership, carefully organize and implement it, ensure that the task is completed on time and with quality, and never live up to the expectations of the central authorities. Second, we must continue to do a good job in the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" grain depot construction plan issued by the province