According to the National Bureau of Statistics, by the end of 2117, there were 14,326 local star-rated hotels in China, including 4 platinum five-stars, 361 five-stars, 1,631 four-stars, 5,534 three-stars and 6,158 two-stars. There are more than 1.6 million direct employees in star-rated hotels. There are more than 311,111 hotels and tourist accommodation units in China, with more than 5 million employees.
By the end of p>2117, the number of national star-rated hotels was 111 times that of the total number of hotels in 1978. In 2116, the national star-rated hotels realized a profit of 3.3 billion yuan, which was more than twice that of the previous year. There are more than 2,111 green tourist hotels in China. There are 41 international hotel management groups and 67 hotel brands entering the China market and managing 516 hotels. The top 11 international hotel management groups in the world have all entered the China market.
The holiday adjustment policy in p>2117 made the hotel industry tense every sensitive nerve. The introduction of paid vacation has activated the tourist hotel sector. The introduction of paid vacation is undoubtedly a big cake for hotels and tourism. This makes the hotel tourism industry enter the golden investment period of "price and quantity rising together". At the same time, the upgrading of domestic consumption promotes the synchronous growth of the number of domestic tourists and the per capita expenditure, and the faster and more comfortable transportation services provided by modern means of transportation make the bottleneck effect of traffic on tourism smaller and smaller, which enables sightseeing tours to continue to develop, and leisure and holiday tours will gradually rise. In view of this, the tourism market has launched related products one after another, and many resort hotels have seen the business opportunities and made relevant adjustments in view of the transformation of this market. For the business hotels in the deep metropolis, this news also made them applaud. Due to the cancellation of the "May 1" Golden Week, the business hotels have been spared the embarrassment of "vacant rooms" or even "price reduction" caused by holidays for many years. The normal work of "May 1" has made the business hotels have normal "business" value.
The outbreak of the financial crisis in p>2118 spread from the financial sector to the industrial sector. As an industry with the most intensive relationship with financial entities, the hotel industry has an inevitable impact. The impact of the global economic crisis has spread to the Asia-Pacific region, and hotel operators have begun to feel the operating pressure in the second half of 2118. The financial crisis, which lasted for several months, and the rising transportation costs caused by inflation and rising oil prices have made people who are traveling for consumption or business trip hold back their expenses. The decrease of consumption tourism and business guests makes the hotel industry in this industrial chain feel the winter-like cold. However, the Ministry of Commerce of China will vigorously develop the hotel catering industry in three aspects. First, it will vigorously develop popular catering. Secondly, focus on and solve the problem of assured consumption in the hotel industry, and strictly control the purchase of food raw materials. Third, actively promote energy conservation and environmental protection and promote the in-depth development of energy conservation and emission reduction in the industry. The Ministry of Commerce attaches great importance to the hotel and catering industry in China, and will vigorously develop the hotel and catering industry in terms of expanding domestic demand and stimulating consumption.
The hotel industry should comply with the call of the country to expand domestic demand, and major hotels, especially high-end hotels, should adjust their tourist source structure and aim at the domestic demand market to tide over the crisis. We should reduce expenses, reduce costs and practice internal strength. Hotel consumption demand is rigid to some extent, and there are always some people who can live in hotels, so we should seize the business market and develop the individual tourist market. In the long run, the development prospect of the hotel industry is still bright. 1. The supply is relatively surplus, the competition is fierce, and the development speed will decrease in the future. From 1996 to 2111, the tourist and hotel industry increased by 354,111 rooms, with an average annual growth rate of 12.39%, while the growth rate of tourists in the same period was 4.1%. Because the supply exceeds demand, it leads to excessive competition among hotel enterprises. From 1996 to 1998, the average occupancy rate and profit rate of hotels in China decreased year by year, and losses began to appear in the whole industry in 1998. 1998.
The losses in 1999 and 2111 were 4.556 billion yuan, 5.364 billion yuan and 2.643 billion yuan respectively. This situation. The new investment has been curbed, which has forced the scale expansion of the hotel industry to slow down. At the same time, strategic issues such as controlling the total number of hotels and improving the quality of hotels have been put forward.
2. The new development investment points of the hotel industry will gradually move westward and optimize the regional structure.
Because the central and western regions of China are rich in tourism resources, at the same time, the state has successively issued a series of measures to develop the central and western regions, and some hotel investments will probably shift from the eastern and southern regions to the central and western regions. With the further development of economy and tourism resources in the central and western regions, the hotel industry in the central and western regions will further develop and become the new and most promising growth region of hotel industry in China. On the whole, the total number and grade of tourist hotels in cities in developed coastal areas have reached a very high level, and the central region has developed rapidly, which is expected to reach a higher level in the next three years, with the bottleneck mainly in the western region.
3. The management level of high-end hotels will continue to be in line with international standards, and it will become a new trend to strive to develop economy hotels with international standards. As far as competition is concerned, in the field of high-end hotels, foreign-funded hotels will continue to maintain their advantages, and most domestic hotels are concentrated in the middle and low-end areas. In the middle and low-end areas, foreign-funded hotels have not yet taken action. Economical hotels with international standards will become the focus of future competition and construction. Economy hotel is the focus of foreign hotel groups. According to the forecast of China tourism development made by the Tourism Bureau, by 2121, there will be 95-139 million overnight visitors, with an average annual growth rate of 5.7%-7.75%. The International Tourism Organization predicts that by 2121, there will be 1.6 billion international tourists in the world and 31 million tourists in China, making it the largest country of entry in the world. In view of this trend, foreign hotel groups have identified China's economy hotels as a potential growth point. With the implementation of paid holidays, the improvement of traffic conditions and the improvement of people's income level, domestic tourism has developed rapidly, and domestic guests have become a source of tourists that cannot be ignored in hotels. The future demand trend is that economy hotels with simple decoration, clean sanitation, convenient facilities and moderate price will become the type of hotel industry valued by domestic tourists. In terms of quality and service, high-grade hotels basically meet the demand, while the number of middle and low-grade hotels is large, but it is far from international standards. This situation is not consistent with the growth trend of international and domestic economic tourists. China has more than 241,111 hotels, guesthouses, guest houses and other accommodation facilities, of which about 1,111 are star-rated hotels, accounting for 4%. There are more than 231,111 accommodation facilities, more than 96% of which have not entered the star rating range. Here, most of them are medium and small hotels. Therefore, the transformation of existing small and medium-sized hotels to meet international standards is the focus of hotel industry construction in the future.
4. State-owned hotels are separated from the original investment department, and the problems of system transformation increase, so it is more and more important to prevent risks.
After China's entry into WTO, international hotels can easily enter the hotel market in China, and the competition in the hotel industry in China is intensified. Due to the lack of institutional reasons and reform motivation, state-owned hotels are at a disadvantage and are becoming more and more passive. State-owned hotels are facing the pressure of competition, reorganization, merger and bankruptcy. State-owned hotels have to be reformed in the face of pressure, and may be reorganized, sold or bankrupt during the reform. With the deepening of the reform, the party, government, military, police and commercial banks are decoupled from their own hotels and no longer operate hotel investment business. Due to the change of ownership and the resulting changes in system and position. It will cause the hotel's people to float, the operation is out of balance, the management is out of balance, and even the performance fails. The merger and bankruptcy of hotels will lead to social shocks such as a large number of laid-off workers. In this regard, it will be more and more important to guard against the social risks in the process of state-owned hotels' transformation.
5. The correlation between the development level of hotel industry and the development level of human resources is getting stronger and stronger.
When the hotel industry in China was just formed, the competition center was quantity because there were fewer hotels and the demand was increasing. Therefore, the initial development level of China hotel industry is related to the quantity and scale of hotel facilities. With the increase in the number and scale of hotels, the improvement of facilities and fierce competition, the quantity competition of the industry has turned to quality competition, and the development level of the industry is closely related to the development level of human resources. Because quality competition is mainly service competition, the core of service competition is the competition of personnel quality. The professionalism, technical level, professional psychological quality, the combined effect of senior management talents and technical talents, and the formation of a well-trained talent team all affect the competitiveness of the hotel industry. The competitiveness of domestic hotels in China is not strong, and the key factor is not the technical problem, but the quality of personnel.
6. The process of hotel collectivization is gradually strengthening, and international groups are entering the China market in a big way.
In recent years, the hotel industry in China has begun to pay attention to collectivization. By the end of 2112, China * * * had more than 111 hotel management companies, managing more than 711 hotels, and the degree of star-rated hotels was 7.2%. Among the top 21 hotel groups in China, there are 12 internationally renowned hotel groups and 8 China hotel groups. It is gratifying that the business scale of the eight hotel management companies selected by China has reached the standard of the top 311 international hotel groups, which reflects the substantial development of the hotel collectivization process in China. However, compared with international hotel groups, there is still a big gap in the state of hotel collectivization in China. According to the data in 2111, Shanghai Jinjiang Hotel Group, which ranks first in China and 57th in the world, has only 51 hotels, accounting for only 1.77% of that of St. Dart Group. There are 13,598 guest rooms, which is only 2.5% of that of St. Dart Group. Hyatt Hotels/HyattIntemational (USA), ranked 11th, has 211 hotels and 86,711 rooms. Generally speaking, the hotel groups in China have not formed a large joint fleet: they have not formed large-scale and integrated intensive management; Hotel group has high cost, bloated organization, multi-level and low efficiency; The popularity is not high, and the advantages of the group are not obvious. Judging from the development trend, it is difficult for China's hotel groups to form strong competition with large foreign hotel groups in a short period of time. Therefore, the development of China Hotel Group will restrict the status of China hotels in the international market. 1. A large number of hotels of Samsung and below have been losing money for a long time despite the good external environment.
2. A small number of hotels with Samsung or below are selling well and the occupancy rate is very high, but the hotels seem to have reached a hurdle, and the enthusiasm of employees, sales performance and service quality cannot be further improved.
3. Most four-and five-star hotels are slightly higher than others in the industry vertically, but internationally, high-end hotels in China are not in the same breath with international hotels in terms of strategic situation, management accuracy, deepening service and global operation, and the soft environment of most four-and five-star hotels in China is only equivalent to foreign three-star hotels or even lower.
4. The hotel industry in China is inefficient, with the same operation and form, unable to find the track of differentiation and diversity, and its added value is extremely low in international competition.
5. There is a big gap between China local hotel talents and international hotel talents in terms of quality and training mode. It is an unavoidable reality that 71% of the existing senior hotel management talents in China come from abroad or have experience in hotel training abroad. Up to now, there is no professional hotel management college in China, and there is no standardized and complete hotel human resources market. 1. The hotel lags behind in reservation technology, service technology and product design technology, which makes the competition within the industry only focus on capital scale, related business and profit transfer for a long time.
2. The hotel industry as a whole is in a state of oversupply, and there is little possibility of new foreign investment. However, the speed of overseas hotel management companies entering the domestic market will be accelerated, and the main ways to enter this field are ownership acquisition, management with capital, contract management and franchising, and the competition will be intensified. Large state-owned hotel groups have great opportunities to seek foreign mergers and acquisitions.
3. In the long run, with the development of economy and the globalization of wage level, talent competition is bound to become the focus of the hotel industry's survival competition.
4. Both foreign-funded hotels and state-owned hotels should take the road of horizontal integration at the same level.
5. Generally speaking, state-owned private hotels belong to small and medium-sized hotels. Due to the policy environment and market mechanism, their development has been sluggish, and they will suffer the greatest impact in the future development. But private hotels are a trend in the future.
6. The competition of hotel marketing will appear in the diversity and effectiveness of products provided by hotels. Developing diversified products according to the change of market demand is the magic weapon for hotels to win in the competition.
7. In the tourism capital market, some qualified tourism enterprises will be able to directly issue shares for listing and financing. Take the road of scale and diversification through the capital market.
8. On the basis of extensive market investigation, hotels should scientifically and effectively subdivide the whole market and select one or several market segments as their target markets, so as to concentrate manpower, material resources and centralized marketing. On the basis of centralized marketing, hotels should highlight the differences of their competitors and seek competitive advantages by differences.
9. Hotel culture is increasingly sought after by guests, and creating a unique hotel culture has become a part of shaping the hotel's advantageous brand.
11. Due to increasing competition and active labor market, the turnover rate of hotel employees has been accelerated.
11. Today, with the surging awareness of environmental protection, green rooms have moved from innovation to maturity.
12. With the update of IT technology and other high-tech in this century, the innovation of guest rooms also shows the trace of high technology. Industry informatization and networking have become a new trend.