The 5th edition of Modern Chinese Dictionary contains more than 6,111 new entries, and this newspaper extracts some of them for readers to have a sneak peek.
Cultural dialects:
Many new words received this time come directly from mainland dialects such as Cantonese and Shanghai dialect. Behind these dialect words, they actually reflect the economic strength and cultural influence of the region.
—— You Rujie, a professor in Wu Dialect Research Office, Chinese Department of Fudan University
Lock-up: refers to the fact that after investors buy stocks and other securities, they cannot sell them because of falling prices.
cutting meat: selling at a loss (especially securities trading).
unwinding: the price of the locked stock rises to the price when the holder first bought it, and no longer loses money.
get it done: get things done and solve problems.
lease: to approve the lease of (land).
(Comment: Almost all the words about the stock market come from Shanghai dialect, which was used in 1931s, when Shanghai was the most economically developed place in China. In 1981s, Shanghai and Shenzhen established stock markets, and Shanghai's stock market revived. These words are the reflection of this phenomenon. —— You Rujie)
Other Shanghai dialects: gangs, hourly workers, follow-up, relocation and parties.
mortgage: a loan method for buying a house or shopping, in which the purchased house or articles are used as collateral to borrow money from the bank and repay it in installments.
Staggered floors: refers to a set of architectural forms in which the internal space levels of a house are not on the same plane, and the staggered places are connected by steps.
low rent: renting at a low price.
property: usually refers to all kinds of houses (such as apartments, commercial houses, office buildings, etc.) built and put into use, as well as supporting equipment, facilities, venues, etc.
(Comment: Interestingly, almost all the words about the property market come from Cantonese, but behind it is actually Hong Kong culture. When there are no proper words to express the new things in the commercialization of housing in the mainland, many sayings introduced from Hong Kong have become common languages over time as Cantonese has entered the mainland. -You Rujie)
Bury (buy) bill: pay after eating in a restaurant, generally referring to payment. Originally Cantonese, when it was introduced into the northern dialect area, it was said to pay the bill.
playboy: generally refers to inattention in love.
vigorous: adjective, which refers to lively fish and shrimp. It also means full of life and vitality.
talking on the phone: refers to chatting on the phone for a long time.
fire squid: as soon as the squid is fired, it rolls up, like a blanket, which is a metaphor for dismissal.
meter: a parking meter set on the side of a city street. (Amy, British meter)
indecent assault: refers to molesting (women), or being impolite or impolite.
Funny: Make jokes and make people laugh.
(Comment: In recent 21 years, most of the new words with foreign words started in Hong Kong and Taiwan and spread northward to the mainland through Cantonese. The spreading direction of these new words actually represents the spreading direction of fashion. -You Rujie)
Other Cantonese dialects: fabric, slimming, facial mask, headhunting, gangster film, sanitary ware, alternative, selling point, home ownership, summit, parking.
political category: rule by virtue, anti-terrorism, anti-corruption, publicity, etc.
Legal categories: omission, police deployment, gavel, judge's robe, law emblem, legal aid, intention, state compensation, legislation law, legislative power, case acceptance, judicial expertise, judicial interpretation, special law, criminal detention, presumption of innocence, presumption of guilt, duty crime, intelligent crime, etc.
economic category: lottery, speculators, deregulation, economic law, cash-out, online banking, limited production, rural enterprises, circular economy, pledge, etc.
financial insurance: insurance coverage, premium, insurer, property insurance and other scientific and technological categories: notebook computers, programming, waveguide, color display and so on.
agriculture: aged grain, pit farmers, agriculture, countryside and farmers, free-range farming, etc.
business category: currency market, convenience store, premium, auto market, underwriting, pyramid selling, etc.
public transportation: parallel lines, car models, parking spaces, metro, maglev trains, peak-shifting, taximeters, buses, etc.
military category: electronic warfare, environmental weapons, etc.
buildings and properties: participating buildings, high floors, demolished buildings, split floors, multi-storey houses, etc.
environmental protection: white garbage, water cut, environmental science, environmental hormones, etc.
Animals and plants: Davidia involucrata, Taiwan Province monkey, Taiwania flousiana, tree looking up to heaven, wild camel, Tibetan antelope, Tibetan gazelle, etc.
cultural and educational categories: returnees, opening questions, readability, taking exams, etc.
film and television performing arts: ugly stars, appearance fees, animation, solo, etc.
news communication: reporting, speculation, MMS, email, paid news, etc.
sports: overtime, long exams, matches, derbies, etc.
medical and health care: target organs, color Doppler ultrasound, ultrasonic scalpel, magnetic therapy, SARS, avian influenza, Sudan red, etc.
catering: iced tea, iced products, meals, seats, paper, tea bar, purified water, etc.
leisure tourism category: makeup, golden week, etc.
Social life categories: mistresses, safety thread, rubbing hemp, subsistence allowances, rich women, * * * wins, black evils, sex education, sexual assault, etc.
common words: dress up as cool, carpet, peak, follow-up, etc.