Appreciation of 8th grade's Historical Knowledge Structure Map in the Second Volume of People's Education Edition
People's Education Edition 8th grade Volume II Historical Knowledge Structure Map 1
People's Education Edition 8th grade Volume II Historical Knowledge Structure Figure 2
People's Education Edition 8th grade Volume II Historical Knowledge Structure Figure 3
Grade 8 People's Education Edition Volume II Historical Knowledge Structure Figure 4
People's Education Edition 8th grade Volume II Historical Knowledge Structure Figure 5
I 1, the knowledge point of history in grade 8, the discussion of truth standard &; Mdash& ampmdash put forward that "practice is the only criterion for testing truth" (1978)
Background: After the "_" was smashed, the main leaders of the central government still adhered to the "Left" guiding ideology and put forward the "two whatevers", which caused national dissatisfaction.
Significance (influence): This is a profound ideological emancipation movement. It laid the ideological foundation for the convening of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee.
2. Great turning point &; Mdash& ampmdash; The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee (1978, ending in Beijing)
Content:
(1) (ideologically) completely negates the "two whatevers" and establishes the ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts;
(2) (politically) stop using the slogan of "taking class struggle as the key link" and make great determination to shift the focus of the work of the party and the state to economic construction and implement reform and opening up;
(3) Organizationally, the collective leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Deng Xiaoping as the core has been formed. (Second generation national leaders)
Meaning:
The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee is a far-reaching turning point in the history of the Party since the founding of the People's Republic of China.
(2) The completion of the Party's ideological, political and organizational lines is the beginning of reform and opening up. (3) Since then, the history of China has entered a new period of socialist modernization.
3. Two major turning points in the history of the Party: Zunyi Conference (1935, 1) and the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee (1978).
Similarities: there are turning points; All corrected the party's left-leaning mistakes; Established the correct leadership core of the party.
4. Strengthen the construction of democracy and legal system (legal publicity day is 65438+ February 4th every year).
1980, Liu Shaoqi was rehabilitated, and the biggest injustice in the history of the party was rehabilitated.
From 65438 to 0982, China promulgated the fourth Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC), which is relatively perfect in the new period. Since then, a series of laws have been promulgated, such as General Principles of Civil Law in People's Republic of China (PRC) and Criminal Law in People's Republic of China (PRC).
Grade 8 Volume 2 History Knowledge Points 2 1. Internally, the reform of economic system was first carried out in rural areas (1978)&; Rarr city is in 1985.
2. In rural areas &; Mdash& ampmdash Implement household contract responsibility system (household production) Xiaogang Village, Fengyang, Anhui Province (1978)
Background: Before the rural reform, China's rural economy was backward, and the rural people's commune system was the integration of administration and society. Under the planned economy, farmers lack autonomy in production and operation, which has dampened their enthusiasm for production.
Objective: To mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for production and promote rural economic development. Premise: based on socialist public ownership of land.
Features: Farm-to-farm production quota, self-financing. Farmers have the right of production autonomy.
Function (significance): Liberated and developed rural productive forces, greatly developed agricultural production, and the countryside began to become rich. With the development of agricultural production to specialization, commercialization and socialization, rural township enterprises have also developed rapidly, opening up a new road for rural prosperity and modernization.
3. In the city &; Mdash& ampmdash; Reform state-owned enterprises. & ampmdash 1985
Content: ① develop the original single public ownership economy into a diversified ownership economy with public ownership economy as the main body; (2) State-owned enterprises should separate government from enterprise, gradually expand their autonomy in production and operation, and implement the management responsibility system; (3) The system of coexistence of various modes of distribution based on distribution according to work; (four) large and medium-sized enterprises to implement the company system and joint-stock system; (5) Reorganization, association and other forms are adopted for small enterprises.
4. 1992 The 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to establish a socialist market economic system.
Reasons for opening to the outside world: in order to introduce and absorb foreign capital and overseas Chinese capital; Introduce new science and technology and management experience; Accelerate the development of China's socialist economy (the basis of opening to the outside world)
5. Open process
(1) Establish a special economic zone &; Mdash& ampmdash; Open a breakthrough in opening to the outside world &; Mdash & mdash "1979 drew a circle in the South China Sea". From 65438 to 0980, special economic zones were established in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou, Guangdong and Xiamen, Fujian. (1988 Hainan Province was added) (Shenzhen &; Mdash& ampmdash is known as "a city that rose overnight")
(2) Open 14 coastal cities &; mdash& ampmdash 1984
1984, the state further opened coastal cities such as Shanghai and Tianjin 14.
(3) coastal economic open areas
1985, the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Minnan Triangle and Bohai Rim were regarded as coastal economic open areas.
(4) Establish some open cities in mainland provinces.
199 1 year, Shanghai Pudong open area was established (now it has become an international economic center and financial center)&; Mdash& ampmdash is a new embodiment of China's opening up.
5. Pattern: In the 1990s, "special economic zones &; Mdash& ampmdash Coastal port cities &; Mdash& ampmdash Coastal Economic Open Zone &; Mdash& ampmdash; Mainland ",an all-directional, multi-level and wide-ranging opening-up pattern.
Reform and opening-up: It has promoted the rapid development of China's economy and improved China's comprehensive national strength.
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's rural production relations have undergone four changes and adjustments?
A: Land reform &; Rarr agricultural cooperation &; The socialization of rarr people &; Rarr household contract responsibility system
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