the financing method is the financing channel for enterprises. It can be divided into two categories: debt financing and equity financing. The former includes bank loans, bond issuance, notes payable and accounts payable, while the latter mainly refers to stock financing. Debt financing constitutes a liability, and the enterprise must repay the agreed principal and interest on time. Creditors generally do not participate in the business decision-making of the enterprise and have no decision-making power over the use of funds. Equity financing constitutes the enterprise's own funds, and investors have the right to participate in the business decision-making of the enterprise, and have the right to receive the dividend of the enterprise, but they have no right to withdraw the funds.

bank loans

banks are the most important financing channels for enterprises. According to the nature of funds, it is divided into three categories: working capital loans, fixed assets loans and special loans. Special loans usually have specific purposes, and their loan interest rates are generally favorable. Loans are divided into credit loans, secured loans and discounted bills.

stock financing

Stock has the characteristics of permanence, no maturity date, no need to return, no pressure to repay the principal and interest, so the risk of financing is small. The stock market can promote enterprises to change their management mechanism and truly become a legal entity and market competition subject with independent operation, self-financing, self-development and self-restraint. At the same time, the stock market provides a broad stage for asset reorganization, optimizes the organizational structure of enterprises and improves the integration ability of enterprises.

bond financing

corporate bonds, also known as corporate bonds, are securities issued by enterprises in accordance with legal procedures and agreed to repay the principal and interest within a certain period of time, indicating that there is a creditor-debtor relationship between the issuing enterprises and investors. Bondholders do not participate in the operation and management of the enterprise, but have the right to recover the agreed principal and interest on schedule. In the bankruptcy liquidation of an enterprise, creditors have priority over shareholders to claim the remaining property of the enterprise. Corporate bonds, like stocks, belong to securities and can be freely transferred.

financial leasing

financial leasing, through the combination of financing and financial services, has the dual functions of finance and trade, and plays a very obvious role in improving the financing efficiency of enterprises and promoting their technological progress. Financing lease includes direct purchase lease, leaseback after sale and leveraged lease. In addition, there are various forms of leasing, such as the combination of leasing and compensation trade, the combination of leasing and processing and assembly, and the combination of leasing and underwriting. Financial leasing business has opened up a new financing channel for technological transformation of enterprises, and adopted a new form of combining financing and finance, which has improved the speed of introducing production equipment and technology, saved the use of funds and improved the utilization rate of funds.

overseas financing

the overseas financing methods available to enterprises include loans from international commercial banks, loans from international financial institutions and bonds and stocks financing business of enterprises in major overseas capital markets.

Pawn financing

Pawn is a kind of financing method that takes physical objects as collateral and obtains temporary loans in the form of ownership transfer of physical objects. Compared with bank loans, pawn loans have high cost and small loan scale, but pawn also has incomparable advantages over bank loans. First of all, compared with the bank's almost harsh requirements for the borrower's credit conditions, the pawnshop's credit requirements for customers are almost zero, and the pawnshop only pays attention to whether the pawned items are genuine or not. Moreover, general commercial banks only do real estate mortgage, while pawnshops can pledge both movable property and real estate. Secondly, the starting point of pawning items in pawn shops is low, and items of 1,111 yuan and 111 yuan can be pawned. Contrary to banks, pawn shops pay more attention to serving individual customers and small and medium-sized enterprises. Third, compared with the complicated procedures and long approval period of bank loans, pawn loan procedures are very simple, and most of them are desirable. Even real estate mortgage is much more convenient than banks. Fourth, when a customer borrows money from a bank, the purpose of the loan cannot exceed the scope specified by the bank. Pawnshops, on the other hand, don't ask about the purpose of loans, and the money is very free to use. Repeatedly, the utilization rate of funds has been greatly improved.