There are seven ways to soften water:

Nanocrystalline TAC soft water method

That is, template-assisted crystallization, which uses the high energy generated by nanocrystals to wrap the free calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate ions in water into nano-scale crystals, thus preventing the free ions from generating scale.

Lime-soda method

Firstly, the hardness of water is measured, and then quantitative calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate are added to precipitate calcium and magnesium ions in hard water.

Ca(HCO3)2+Ca(OH)2=2CaCO3↓+2H2O

Mg(HCO 3)2+2Ca(OH)2 = Mg(OH)2↓+2Ca co 3↓+2H2O

Calcium sulfate+sodium carbonate = calcium carbonate ↓+sodium sulfate

Phosphate soft water method

For boiler water, sodium hypophosphite (NaPO3) can be added as a water softener, which forms a complex with calcium and magnesium ions. When water is boiled, calcium and magnesium will not precipitate, so scale will not form. This method is not suitable for softening drinking water.

ion exchange process

Although zeolite and ion exchanger are insoluble in water, sodium ions and hydrogen ions in them can be exchanged with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water, so that calcium and magnesium ions are adsorbed and removed by zeolite, artificial zeolite and ion exchanger. Zeolite and ion exchanger that have failed for a long time can be reused through regeneration, so this method is an economical and advanced soft water method.

Calcium carbonate +2Na-R = calcium -2R+ sodium carbonate

Ca(HCO3)2+2Na-R=Ca-2R+2NaHCO3

Magnesium carbonate +2Na-R = magnesium -2R+ sodium carbonate.

Mg(HCO3)2+2Na-R=Mg-2R+2NaHCO3

Note: R is a resin exchange group.

Administration method

Adding special scale inhibitor to water can change the characteristics of combining calcium and magnesium ions with carbonate ions, so that scale can not be deposited. At present, there are many scale inhibitors that can be used in industry. The characteristics of this method are: less one-time investment and wide adaptability; However, when the water volume is soft and large, the operation cost is high. Due to the addition of chemicals, the application of water is greatly limited, and it can not be used for drinking and food processing in general. It is also rarely used in the civil field.

electromagnetic method

Adding a certain electric field or magnetic field to water changes the characteristics of ions, thus changing the deposition speed and physical characteristics of calcium carbonate (magnesium carbonate) and preventing the formation of hard scales. Its characteristics are: small equipment investment, convenient installation and low operating cost; But the effect is not stable enough, and there is no unified measure. Moreover, because the main function is only to affect the physical properties of scale in a certain range, the use time and distance of treated water are limited. It is mainly used for the treatment of circulating cooling water in commerce (such as central air conditioning). ), but it can't be used in industrial production and boiler make-up water treatment (at the same time, because the mechanism of this equipment has not been confirmed by theory).

Membrane separation method

Both nanofiltration membrane (NF) and reverse osmosis membrane (RO) can intercept calcium and magnesium ions in water, thus fundamentally reducing the hardness of water. The method is characterized by obvious and stable effect and wide application range of treated water; However, the requirement for water inlet pressure is high, and the equipment investment and operation cost are high. Generally, it is used less, and it is mostly used for special softening treatment.

But these may not be what you want. If you do catering, you must ensure the quality of water, which accounts for a large proportion in drinking. The above methods are suitable for large factories and other places with professional equipment. The most suitable and convenient thing for the catering industry is to install a set of water purification equipment, which saves time and effort and does not use electricity. The filtered soft water tastes good and is suitable for long-term drinking.

I suggest you buy a water purifier. If you don't know where the landlord is, you can contact me at qq 18052232 15.