1 Travel between green mountains and green waters and learn to walk. Those who master the "walking classics" have a relaxed, happy and safe time; On the contrary, they are tired, nervous and even injured.

If you want to walk, don't jump three steps to do two steps or jump, which will increase the burden on your knees and ankles and make you tired or injured easily.

Walking at a constant speed is the most labor-saving and conducive to maintaining a good attitude; Walking in a hurry is the most exhausting way.

Go fast, come back slowly. You can walk faster in the morning and slowly at night to avoid joint and tendon fatigue.

Take steps instead of slopes. When going up and down the mountain, try to take the stone steps instead of the slopes. This is more in line with mechanical and physiological requirements, safe and labor-saving.

6 The difficulty of walking is not weakened. Walking on hard ground such as cement, asphalt and slate is more energy-saving and safer than walking on soft ground such as grass, river beach and wetland.

7 avoid slipping. For the sake of safety, it's better to bypass from the astringent snow grass slope instead of the slippery and dangerous smoothie slope.

8 tourism health and protection knowledge

suffer sunstroke

The main symptoms of heatstroke are sweating, thirst, dizziness, tinnitus, dizziness, chest tightness, nausea, vomiting, fever, and even unconsciousness and coma in severe cases. People are prone to heatstroke when they are in a high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time. Therefore, when traveling in midsummer, tour guides should pay attention to the combination of work and rest to prevent tourists from being active for a long time under the scorching sun. If someone suffers from heatstroke, put the patient in a cool and ventilated place, lie flat, untie the collar and relax the belt; If possible, let them drink salty drinks. For those with fever, use cold water or alcohol to wipe the heat, and take necessary heatstroke prevention drugs. Let him sit (lie) and rest after remission. Severe heatstroke should be sent to the hospital immediately for necessary treatment.

food poisoning

Food poisoning is very harmful to human body, and its symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea, characterized by acute onset, rapid onset and short incubation period. If it is not treated in time, it will be life-threatening. If tourists are found to have food poisoning, let them drink plenty of water to alleviate the toxicity, and those who are serious will be sent to the hospital immediately for rescue. Food poisoning is caused by unsanitary diet, and tour guides should always remind tourists not to eat food on the stalls.

break

Tourists with fractures must be sent to the hospital for treatment in time, but at the scene, the tour guide should do a good job: stop bleeding first. The commonly used hemostasis methods are hand pressing, that is, pressing the blood vessels near the wound with fingers, palms and fists to stop bleeding; Pressure dressing method, that is, sticking a thick dressing on the wound and pressure dressing; Tourniquet method, that is, elastic tourniquet is used to stop bleeding on the big blood vessels near the wound heart. The second is dressing. It's best to clean the wound before dressing. Wear clothes with gentle movements and moderate tightness. The knot of the bandage should not be at the wound. The third is the upper splint. In order to fix the joints at both ends and avoid rotating fractured limbs, splints were used locally.

Heart attack

Tourists who have a heart attack should not be rushed away or taken to the hospital. Instead, they should lie flat and have their heads slightly higher. Relatives, tour leaders or traveling companions of patients should find spare drugs from patients' pockets for patients to take. At the same time, the local escort should immediately go to the nearby infirmary to find a doctor to come to the hospital for treatment, and be sent to the hospital after the condition is slightly stable.

Scorpion and bee sting

If tourists are stung by scorpions and bees, the tour guide should try to pull out the stinger, suck out the poison through his mouth or straw, and then wash the wound with soapy water. If possible, take painkillers with 5% soda water or 3% dilute ammonia water. If tour guides or tourists know about Chinese herbal medicines, they can apply them externally with wild herbs, mint leaves and Zanthoxylum nitidum. Severe cases should be sent to hospital for emergency treatment.

Head abrasions

If you collide with others or fall and hit a big bag on your head, you may not have to worry too much, but if you have a high fever, vomiting, convulsions or transparent body fluids (serum, hydrocephalus), you should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.

1, except the swollen area, other parts of the head should also be cold compressed. But when there is a wound, you can't treat it like this, so as not to encourage bacterial reproduction.

2. If there is bleeding or transparent liquid (serum, hydrocephalus) flowing from the ear, nose or mouth, face the direction in which the blood or liquid flows out. Be careful not to plug it with gauze or other things to avoid bacterial infection.

3. When vomiting, put your head on the side to prevent the vomit from blocking.

4. When spasm occurs, don't press the injured limb arbitrarily, roll it into a tube with a handkerchief and put it in the patient's mouth to make it quiet.

5, when handling the wounded to head fixed, don't shake.

Neck injury

1, the neck has trachea, esophagus and nerves, which is an important part of the human body. When it is hit, it should be sent to the hospital quickly.

2, in order to inhibit internal bleeding, the impact should be cold compress.

3. When external bleeding is found, sterile gauze should be placed at the wound to stop bleeding.

When you lie down, put your body flat and never use a pillow.

5. When moving, fix the head.

Back impact injury

1, let the injured lie on a hard wooden board, and put pillows on the neck and waist respectively to keep the spine naturally bent. Not sitting or sitting.

2. When moving, the neck must also be fixed at the same time, and it is necessary to avoid shaking the lying board when handling.

Chest impact injury

1, there is a risk of fracture or dyspnea when hitting the chest, and you should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.

2. Cold compress treatment.

3. Let the patient lie quietly on the thick quilt, with the chest on the painful side facing down.

Common sense of tourism safety

See if the travel agency's "three certificates" are complete

To travel abroad, we must first choose a good travel agency, and pay special attention to whether the "three certificates" (business license, business license and tax registration certificate) of the travel agency are complete, especially to the business scope of the travel agency. Domestic travel agencies can only operate domestic tourism business, and international travel agencies can operate various tourism businesses.

Buy a travel accident insurance in advance.

Choose a good destination and travel with a travel agency. It is best to buy a travel accident insurance in advance. Now many insurance companies have introduced this kind of insurance. 10 days or so, the insurance cost is generally within 10 yuan, and the insured amount is generally tens of thousands of yuan. Because now travel agencies have compulsory travel agency liability insurance, which only bears the loss of life and property of tourists caused by travel agencies. If tourists travel by car, it is best to familiarize themselves with the road conditions leading to the scenic spot in advance, check the safety equipment of vehicles before departure, and prepare corresponding emergency plans, and at the same time have one or two experienced drivers.

Sign contracts, ask for and keep invoices.

To sign a contract with the travel agency, ask for and keep the relevant invoices. Visitors should read the terms of the contract carefully, and specify in detail the places that are prone to disputes and disputes, such as what car to take, if it is a car, it depends on whether it is a domestic car or an imported car, an air-conditioned car or an ordinary car, how new it is, and the technical level of the driver. If you take the train, it depends on whether it is a slow train or an express train, hard seat, hard sleeper or soft sleeper. Asking about the departure time and arrival time. How many stars is the accommodation standard? No matter it is a guest house or a star hotel, don't believe in the name of "quasi-star"; The standard of catering stipulates several meals and several breakfasts. How to stipulate the child's fee, and whether it includes beds and transportation seats. In the process of traveling, if there is a delay in transportation, some scenic spots cannot be visited or transferred to other transportation. Are there any replacement or compensation measures?

Know the weather conditions of the destination in advance

Know the weather conditions of tourist destinations in advance. Especially in summer, some places are prone to severe weather such as heavy rain, mudslides or typhoons, which will not only cause traffic delays, but also lead to failure to travel as planned, and even cause serious loss of life and property. Before you travel, you must know the recent weather conditions at your destination and make plans in advance.

Don't care too much about the price of the tour.

Don't care too much about the price of the tour. If the price of the travel agency is kept too low before departure, the travel agency may lower the standard of vehicles and accommodation, reduce the scenic spots to be visited and increase the scenic spots at its own expense to make up for the losses. The prices of some domestic tourist routes are extremely low, and the citizens feel cheap. However, when you arrive at the tourist destination, the tour guide may force you to go shopping, or let you go shopping, or lock you in the car and turn off the air conditioner, so you will have to spend more money in the end, resulting in a situation of "spending money to buy". When signing the contract, you should ask clearly what fees are included in the price and what additional fees need to be paid.

Teachers and students had better travel together.

Teachers and students usually have less experience in traveling abroad, so it is best to travel together in summer, so that they can have a good care in case of accidents. Pay attention to the smooth communication tools, pay attention to the complaints and reports of local tourism departments before going out, and solve problems in time.