Mode 1 is the teaching CD playback point: equipped with 34-inch color TV, DVD player and complete teaching CD. Teach and coach students by playing teaching CDs. The equipment targets are mainly teaching points that really need to be reserved for the layout adjustment of rural schools, with an average investment estimate of 3,111 yuan per point.
mode 2 is the satellite teaching viewing point: equipped with satellite receiving system, computer, TV set, DVD player and teaching CDs for grades 1-6. Through the broadband transmission network of China Education Satellite, it can quickly receive a large number of high-quality educational resources, and at the same time, it has the function of playing teaching CDs. The equipment targets are township central primary schools and village complete primary schools. The estimated investment per point is 1.6 million yuan.
Mode 3 is computer classroom: equipped with satellite receiving system, network computer classroom, multimedia classroom and teaching CD playing equipment. Its characteristic is that it not only has all the functions of mode 2, but also can provide students with a learning environment under network conditions. Equipped with objects for rural junior high schools. The average estimate per point is 1.5 million yuan.
on the basis of completing the basic configuration according to the three modes, all localities can determine the corresponding configuration standards according to the actual situation. Rural education plays a fundamental, leading and overall role in building a well-off society in an all-round way. The focus and difficulty of China's education is in rural areas, especially in rural primary and secondary schools in the central and western regions, with 62 million students, accounting for 81% of the total number of primary school students. These areas, especially rural areas in the central and western regions, have a huge gap with developed areas in terms of teaching conditions, educational resources, teachers' level and teaching quality. The best way to solve this problem is to implement modern distance education project, promote the enjoyment of high-quality educational resources in urban and rural areas, improve the quality and efficiency of rural education, strengthen teacher training, actively introduce external high-quality educational resources, improve teaching quality, narrow the educational gap between the east and the west, and realize the balanced development of basic education. At the same time, it provides farmers with economic and market information, helps them learn scientific planting, breeding and other technologies, and further promotes local social and economic development.
The project plan will take about five years to equip about one million rural primary school teaching points with teaching CD-ROM playing equipment and complete sets of teaching CDs, and provide high-quality education and teaching resources to about five million primary school students in these teaching points, so as to solve the problem of poor teachers and teaching quality; Make 384,111 rural primary schools in China initially build satellite teaching viewing points, which basically meet the demand of 81.42 million rural primary school students for high-quality education and teaching resources. At the same time, satellite teaching viewing points will also become the main support for the modern distance education of rural party member cadres determined by the central government; Make 37,511 rural junior high schools in China basically have computer classrooms, so that 31.19 million rural junior high school students can gradually enjoy high-quality education and teaching resources and receive information technology education like 34.95 million urban junior high school students, laying a good foundation for promoting the informationization of the whole society. The central government invested 364 million yuan in the pilot demonstration project of modern distance education, and 29,229 primary schools and 2,351 junior high schools in 12 western provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and rural areas of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps have been equipped with 57,141 sets of teaching CD-ROM playing equipment, 5,116 satellite teaching viewing points and 411 computer classrooms.
in the pilot project of modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools, the state has invested 1 billion yuan, with local support of 911 million yuan. In the pilot project of 12 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), 6 provinces in central China, Shandong Province and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 21,977 teaching CD playback points, 48,615 satellite teaching receiving points and 7,194 computer classrooms have been built. Covering about 25% of rural primary and secondary schools in western provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and 21% of rural primary and secondary schools in six central provinces. Covering 9.25 million primary and secondary school students in the western pilot province, with a student coverage rate of 27%; There are 6.44 million primary and middle school students in the central pilot province, with a student coverage rate of 21%. At the same time, the pilot area covers nine pilot places (cities, prefectures) and counties of modern distance education for cadres in rural party member determined by the central government. 1. leaders attach importance to it, and the organization is sound
The Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance set up an inter-departmental coordination group for modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools to study and formulate the pilot work plan and implementation plan, make unified arrangements for the pilot work, organize the implementation, supervise and inspect and coordinate major issues in the pilot work, effectively ensuring the macro guidance for the project.
according to the requirements of the three ministries and commissions of the state that the pilot work is mainly organized and implemented by the provincial people's government, the governments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) really regard the pilot work as a major event to promote rural education and its economic and social development, and put it on the important agenda. The provincial government is responsible for the pilot work. According to the overall planning, project implementation management measures and relevant standards and norms, combined with local conditions, the pilot work plan and scheme are formulated, and the pilot work organization and project construction are responsible. Each province (autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government) has set up a leading group for the pilot project of modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools, headed by the competent government leader, and has set up a pilot office to be responsible for the construction planning, scheme demonstration, bidding, equipment application and management, research on the integration of resource construction and education and teaching, and inspection and acceptance of the project. Local (city, state) and county governments have also set up leading groups and working institutions headed by government leaders to be responsible for the implementation of the project. During the pilot work, leading groups at all levels sent a large number of inspection teams, coordination teams, guidance teams and expert working groups to the front line, effectively ensuring the smooth progress of the pilot work. Each project school has also set up a work leading group headed by the principal. Clear responsibilities at all levels, smooth coordination from top to bottom. It has achieved a sound work organization, personnel in place, clear responsibilities, clear goals and tasks, providing organizational leadership and personnel guarantee for the smooth implementation of the pilot project.
2. The management system is perfect and the measures are effective
The Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance have formulated a series of documents to implement the pilot project of modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools in order to guide the implementation of the project and standardize the pilot work. It mainly includes: Pilot Work Plan of Modern Distance Education Project in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools (J.J. [2113] No.22); Audit opinions on the pilot work plan of modern distance education project in rural primary and secondary schools (J&B Office Letter [2114] No.31); Technical Scheme for Terminal Receiving Station of Modern Distance Education Project in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools (Jiaojiting [2114] No.5); Measures for the Management of Bidding and Purchasing of Equipment for the Pilot Project of Modern Distance Education in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools (Jiaojiting [2114] No.8); Notice on Publishing the List of Qualified Suppliers for Bidding and Purchasing of Equipment for the Pilot Project of Modern Distance Education in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools (J.J.H. [2114] No.37); Measures for the Administration of Acceptance of the Pilot Project of Modern Distance Education in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools (No.14 [2114] of the Ministry of Education); And the implementation plan of the pilot work of the pilot provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps approved by the Inter-ministerial Coordination Group Office of the pilot work of modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools.
according to the requirements of the three ministries and commissions, various localities have formulated corresponding implementation plans and management measures for the pilot work. The implementation process of bidding, equipment receiving and installation, operation and maintenance, teacher training, resource construction and teaching application of the pilot work has been guaranteed.
3. Special account management of project funds and implementation of matching funds
The funds required for the pilot work shall be taken by the local authorities and the state shall provide appropriate subsidies according to the economic and social development of different regions. 2/3 of the total capital invested by the central government and 1/3 by local governments in the western region; 1/3 of the total capital invested by the central government in the central region and 2/3 by local governments; The funds needed for the pilot work in Shandong Province are mainly raised by local governments, and the central government gives appropriate subsidies to difficult areas. Set up a special account for pilot work funds at the provincial level, and all project funds will be included in the account management.
The pilot areas have adopted various ways to implement matching funds, and their working strategies and specific measures have their own characteristics, among which the provincial finance bears the main responsibility for matching funds. Most of the pilot areas have adopted the method of supporting at the provincial, municipal and county levels; For example, Guizhou province has implemented the matching funds of provinces, cities and counties in a ratio of 5: 2: 3. A small number of pilot areas are supported by provinces and prefectures, provinces and counties, or prefectures and counties. For example, local matching funds in Anhui Province are borne by provinces and counties, with provincial finance bearing 81% and county finance bearing 21%. The matching funds in Henan province are borne by the provincial and municipal governments at a ratio of 1: 1; The local matching funds in Jilin Province are implemented by regions (cities) and counties, and the province has arranged funds to expand the pilot scope. In view of whether the "one-fee system" is implemented, whether it belongs to the Three Gorges reservoir area and the difference in economic development, Chongqing has implemented district and county matching funds in different proportions. In some pilot areas, the matching funds are borne by the provincial finance. For example, the matching funds in Inner Mongolia are all borne by the autonomous regional finance.
4. The bidding process is standardized, and the effect is good
The Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance issued the document "Management Measures for Bidding and Purchasing of Equipment for the Pilot Project of Modern Distance Education in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools" (Jiaojiting [2114] No.8). In order to ensure the quality of bidding and procurement, the Inter-Ministerial Coordination Group Office organized the pre-qualification of equipment suppliers and integrators, and selected famous domestic enterprises to participate in the project construction.
The Measures for the Management of Bidding and Purchasing of Equipment for the Pilot Project of Modern Distance Education in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools clearly stipulates all important links of bidding according to national laws and regulations, and emphasizes three points: first, the provincial education administrative departments are tenderers; second, only qualified integrators and qualified products can participate in bidding; third, the whole process of bidding and purchasing is supervised and inspected by the discipline inspection and supervision departments. The use of special funds for pilot work shall be audited by the audit department.
in order to guide the provinces to do a good job in bidding and purchasing engineering equipment, the inter-ministerial coordination group office specially held a national training course on bidding, and combined with the actual situation of the pilot work, 71 comrades in charge of bidding in each pilot province were trained in relevant laws, regulations and working procedures, which laid a good foundation for the bidding work in each province.
all localities attach great importance to the organization and leadership of the bidding work, adhere to the principle of "openness, justice and fairness", organize capable teams, establish and improve various systems, formulate tenders scientifically and reasonably, act in strict accordance with the law, standardize operations, and formulate tenders in combination with the actual situation of rural primary and secondary schools in various places. The whole bidding work has achieved good results. For example, the bidding work in Hunan province is serious, the discipline inspection department participates in the supervision all the time, and the specific organization mode is also innovative. First, the bidding agency is produced through bidding; The second is to pre-qualify the ingredients, equipment construction materials and software suppliers not involved in the pre-qualification of the three ministries at the provincial level; Third, all supporting equipment and construction materials are purchased through bidding.
The bidding results show that the provincial-level organization bidding can not only combine the local conditions, but also implement the local project implementation responsibility and supervision responsibility, and has good scale benefits. The price of a 34-inch color TV set is 1611-1711 yuan, and the price of a DVD player is 251-311 yuan; The average computer classroom is about 1.5 million yuan.
5. The training work is solid, and the backbone team is initially formed.
In the pilot work, three national-level training courses have been held successively, and more than 1,111 backbone teachers and managers have been trained in the pilot areas. Each pilot area has been trained at the provincial, municipal (prefecture), county and school levels.
the training of key teachers has been carried out throughout the whole project implementation process in all pilot provinces from the beginning of the pilot work. The training plan for backbone teachers in the pilot project of modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools in this province has been formulated, and the training content, teaching objectives and class schedule of backbone teachers have been clarified. According to the uneven level of students, students are the center, and various ways and means such as class teaching are adopted for teaching. After provincial, city (prefecture), county and school-based training, some backbone teachers not only undertake the daily management of the school, but also have considerable hardware and software maintenance work. From the discussion with the trained teachers, the trainees expressed satisfaction with the teaching arrangement and organization and management of the training, and basically met the expected training requirements, which showed remarkable performance in practice. The field evaluation shows that more than 81% students can independently install satellite equipment and debug computer data receiving system, train other teachers in the school, download resources and use them for education and teaching. According to the requirements of three national ministries' project plans, Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education put forward the working principles of "configuration as the foundation, training as the focus, scientific research as the guide and application as the core", and compiled the Management Manual for Teacher Training of Modern Distance Education Project in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools in Shaanxi Province, which includes not only the requirements for receiving training at the base, but also the requirements for school-based training, such as working principles, management system construction, etc. At the same time, it also trained the methods of strengthening management. Ningxia has created the experience of "resource teachers" (teachers who have been trained by superiors) and "one belt and five belts", requiring each teacher who has been trained by superiors to bring five other teachers to learn to use technology. Targeted retraining activities in Guizhou have enabled front-line teachers to learn with problems, improved the training effect and promoted the sustainable development of the project. Gansu Province actively promotes participatory training methods and encourages rural teachers to express their opinions and cooperate in learning through the Internet. Hunan combines training with on-the-spot observation, first builds experimental sites, observes and studies, sums up experience, and gradually promotes it.
The education administrative departments at all levels have established an effective incentive mechanism, and incorporated the participation in training and the application of modern distance education in education and teaching activities into the system of teachers' year-end assessment and professional title evaluation, which greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of teachers to apply modern educational technology to educational activities. The teachers participating in the training in each school are all outstanding members selected after fierce competition.
6. Speed up the construction of resources and serve education and teaching
In order to promote the modern distance education project in rural primary and secondary schools to achieve real results, the Ministry of Education, local education administrative departments at all levels, schools, enterprises and institutions have carried out a lot of work in the construction of basic education resources. The Ministry of Education has set up a basic education resource center by integrating the strength of relevant units within the Ministry, and further strengthened the construction of basic education resource pool, synchronous classroom and satellite data resources and the speed of resource collection, introduction, evaluation and integration to serve education and teaching.
through the implementation of the pilot work, according to the requirements of students-oriented, classroom-oriented and teaching-oriented, the construction of educational and teaching resources with the three modes has already had a certain foundation. The Ministry of Education collected, selected and reviewed 1116 items and 5272 teaching CDs selected by 34 publishing units for the society. People's Education Publishing House has organized the development and production of related CDs covering all subjects in primary schools from 1 to 6 years.
China Education Television broadcasts "Classroom in the Air" TV programs and information broadcast programs on the website of the Ministry of Education for 11 and a half hours every day, including "Synchronous Classroom in Primary and Secondary Schools", "Teacher Training" and "Practical Technology in Rural Areas", which can be received by all established primary and secondary schools. The Ministry of Education-Li Ka-shing Western Education Poverty Alleviation Project has built a teaching resource pool with a total capacity of 148GB. After being integrated with the resources collected in the pilot work, this resource pool will be used as a modern distance education project for rural primary and secondary schools.