Obtaining method
Using high-pressure ionization (or chemical and photochemical reactions), part of oxygen in the air is decomposed and polymerized into ozone, which is an allotropic transformation process of oxygen; It can also be obtained by electrolytic water method. The instability of ozone makes it difficult to store it in bottles. Generally, ozone generators can only be used for on-site production. Ozone generators are classified according to the way of ozone generation. There are three main types of ozone generators: one is high-voltage discharge, the other is ultraviolet irradiation, and the third is electrolysis. The ozone generator circuit consists of triodes VT1 and VT2, an inductor L1-13, a pulse transformer T, a current-limiting resistor R1, a charging capacitor C3, a bidirectional trigger diode T5, etc. The filter inductor L1, rectifier diode VD1 and filter capacitors C1 and C2 form a half-wave rectifier filter circuit. When the power supply is turned on, the AC voltage of 221V is filtered by LO and rectified by VD1, and a voltage of about 1281 V is generated at both ends of C1, which is supplied to the push-pull oscillation circuit. At the instant of power-on, VT1 turns on. Due to the charging effect of C3, the bidirectional trigger diode VD5 is turned off. When the charging voltage across C3 rises to 32V, VD5 is triggered and turned on, so that VT2 is turned on. During the conduction of VT2, C3 gradually discharges and turns VT2 off. After the VTl is turned on, under the action of the pulse transformer T, positive feedback voltages are generated on L1 and L2, which are applied to the bases of VTl and VT2 respectively, so that VTl and VT2 are alternately turned on and off (that is, when VTl is turned on, VT2 is turned off; When VT2 is on, VTl is off), the push-pull oscillation circuit oscillates. After the push-pull oscillation circuit works, a pulse high voltage is generated on the secondary winding L6 of the pulse transformer T, which makes the ozone generator VG work and generates ozone.
at the same time, the light-emitting diode VD7 also lights up and works. VTl and VT2 are selected as components, and 2SC2653 or BU416 silicon NPN high back voltage triode is selected. The required current amplification factor β >; 111。 VDl-VD4 and VD6 use 1 N4117 rectifier diodes; VD5 adopts DB3 bidirectional trigger diode. RJ-1/8W metal film resistors are all selected for R1-R6. L1 is 5mH core inductance coil, and φ Φ1.25mm enameled wire can be wound around the skeleton for 211 turns; L1-1 is made of φ Φ1.2mm single-core plastic copper wire wound on the same magnetic ring, in which L1, L2 are wound 3 times and L3 is wound 9 times respectively. The pulse transformer T can be reformed by using the output transformer of 14in inch (inch) black-and-white TV set. During the reform, the high-voltage package is used as L6, the enameled wire of φ Φ1.45mm is wound around 168 turns as L4, and the enameled wire of φ Φ1.23mm is wound around 4 turns as L5 (wound on the outermost layer). The ozone generator VG adopts Z-211 or Z-15, Z-21 and other models. Make and debug all electronic components except ozone generator VG, and install them on a self-made printed circuit board, and put them in plastic or wooden boxes with appropriate size. The LED VD7 is fixed on the box surface and connected with the ozone generator VG. As long as the components are in good condition and the wiring is correct, they can work normally when energized.
generator and discharge tube
the core technology and equipment of ozone system is the discharge tube in the generator, which directly affects the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment. The ozone generator adopts the design of micro-gap dielectric barrier discharge, which not only greatly improves the operation efficiency, but also increases the safety and reliability of the continuous operation of the system. The technical parameters of the equipment have reached the international advanced level.
due to the micro-gap discharge technology, the operating voltage of the system is reduced to 6-8 kV, which is far lower than the withstand voltage level of the insulating medium of the glass tube, effectively avoiding the occurrence of dielectric breakdown short circuit fault and improving the operating reliability.
The modular design method adopted by the ozone generator discharge unit makes the installation, overhaul and maintenance of the equipment easier. Under the condition of ensuring the quality of intake air source, the maintenance-free time of continuous operation of ozone generator discharge unit can be as long as 5 years.
high frequency and high voltage power supply
and traditional ozone intermediate frequency (<: 1kHz), the high-frequency and high-voltage ozone system adopts 3-6kHz high-frequency power supply technology, combined with micro-discharge gap design, which can effectively improve the efficiency of ozone generation, reduce the volume and floor space of the generator, and thus reduce the civil engineering design and investment costs. The inverter power supply system adopts mature high-frequency power supply technology, and the long-term operation in the field proves that it can ensure the stability of the system for a long time. High-frequency output generates sine wave high voltage through booster system, which is connected with generator through cable. Under the action of high frequency and high voltage, cold plasma discharge is generated in discharge gap to generate ozone. Ozone concentration
Ozone is a mixed gas, and its concentration is usually expressed by mass ratio and volume ratio. The mass ratio refers to the amount of ozone contained in the mixed gas per unit volume, which is usually expressed in mg/L, mg/m3 or g/m3. The volume ratio refers to the volume content or percentage content of ozone in a unit volume, and the percentage is expressed as 2%, 5%, 12%, etc. Health industry often uses ppm to express ozone concentration, that is, ozone accounts for 1ppm per cubic meter of ozone mixed gas. Ozone concentration is an important index to measure the technical content and performance of ozone generator. Under the same working conditions, the higher the ozone output concentration, the higher the quality.
The main factors affecting ozone concentration are
1. The structure and processing accuracy of ozone generator;
2. cooling methods and conditions;
3. driving voltage and driving frequency;
4. dielectric material;
5. oxygen content, cleanliness and dryness in raw gas.
6. Efficiency of generator power supply system (high efficiency, less heat conversion). ）；
ozone is an unstable gas with strong oxidation, and the output concentration of ozone is affected by many factors, among which the cavity temperature is one of the most important factors. Ozone will decay by half in 1 minutes at about 31 degrees. The attenuation reaches 81% at 41~51℃. Over 61℃, ozone will decompose immediately.
ozone output refers to the output of ozone per unit time of the ozone generator; The product of the ozone concentration value and the total gas quantity entering the ozone generator is the ozone output; It is usually expressed in units of mg/h, g/h and kg/h. Ozone generator specifications and models specified in the ozone generator standard are expressed and distinguished by ozone output. Small ozone generators use g/h as the unit, and large ozone generators use kg/h as the unit to distinguish the size of specifications.
in p>2111, the state issued the latest national standard, which standardized the concentration of ozone in different uses for the first time.
1. food purification:
from the surface to the inside, the toxic substances such as fertilizers and pesticides in fruits, vegetables and grains are degraded, and the harmful substances such as antibiotics, chemical additives and hormones in meat and eggs are removed, so as to kill halophilic bacteria that are easy to cause poisoning in seafood and control the disease from mouth to mouth.
2. Purification of drinking water:
After ozone treatment, tap water is a high-quality raw drinking water. It takes only 2 minutes to introduce O3 into each liter of water to remove residual chlorine, sterilize, disinfect, deodorize and remove heavy metals, prevent the formation of carcinogen chloroform, increase the oxygen content in water, and make ideal and pure drinking water.
3. Disinfection and sterilization:
Put the cleaned tableware into water and introduce O3 for 21 minutes, which can remove detergent residues, kill bacteria and viruses, replace electronic disinfection cabinets and avoid infectious diseases of tableware. It can also disinfect and deodorize clothes, towels, rags and socks in water.
4. Air purification:
Hang the ozone exhaust pipe at a height of more than 1.7 meters and discharge O3 for 21-31 minutes, which can effectively remove the odor of indoor smoke or decorative materials, dust and sterilize, increase the oxygen content in the air, and refresh the air, so that you can enjoy the forest-like fresh air after rain at home (it can be used for smoke removal, dust removal, disinfection and removal in homes, offices, conference rooms and entertainment places).
5. Fresh-keeping and mildewproof of fruits and vegetables:
The fresh-keeping period can be extended by 7 days only by introducing O3 into bagged fruits and vegetables for 2 minutes, and it can also be used for mildewproof of vegetable pits and transportation of fruits and vegetables.
6. Bathing, beauty and health care:
Ozone bath has become a fashion abroad, and it has been used to treat diseases for many years, which is another magical effect of O3. Regular ozone bath can eliminate toxins in the body, activate epidermal cells, eliminate acne and whiten skin, and has good curative effect on rheumatism, dermatosis, gynecological diseases, diabetes and onychomycosis.
7. Fish farming and watering flowers:
Watering flowers and sprinkling irrigation for greenhouse vegetables can avoid pests and reduce the use of pesticides.
In fish farming and aquaculture, O3 enters the water to release nascent state oxygen, kill bacteria and viruses, oxidize impurities, prevent water quality from spoiling and increase nutrients in the water.
8. Deodorization:
Because ozone has a strong oxidative decomposition ability, it can quickly and thoroughly eliminate various odors in the air and water. The selection of ozone generator is very important, and it should be selected from the following aspects:
Determine the model
When purchasing ozone generator, we must first determine its use purpose, whether it is used for air sterilization and deodorization or for water treatment. When used in air treatment, low-concentration and economical open ozone generator can be selected, which includes two kinds of models with air source and without air source. This kind of ozone generator is simple in structure and low in price, but the temperature and humidity affect the amount of ozone generated during operation. The above-mentioned open ozone generator is the simplest ozone device, and high-concentration ozone generator should also be selected for air treatment in places with high requirements. When the air is treated, it should be put in according to the standard of 21-51mg/m3, and the food and drug industry should choose high value. The total ozone consumption (that is, the output of ozone generator) can be obtained by converting the root space size. When it is used for water treatment, a high-concentration ozone generator (ozone concentration is greater than 1.2 mg/L) must be purchased, and low-concentration ozone treatment of water is ineffective. The high concentration ozone generator is equipped with gas source, gas source treatment device and ozone generator as standard. Small-sized ozone generators can be designed as an integrated model with an output of 5-211g/h, and large and medium-sized ozone generators basically exist in the form of units.
identifying quality
the quality of ozone generator can be identified from manufacturing materials, system configuration, cooling mode, working frequency, control mode, ozone concentration, gas source and power consumption index. High-quality ozone generator should be made of high dielectric material, standard configuration (including gas source and purification device), double-electrode cooling, high-frequency driving, intelligent control, high ozone concentration output, low power consumption and low gas source consumption.
cost performance
The design, configuration and manufacturing materials of high-quality ozone generators are all in accordance with their standards, and the cost is much higher than that of low-grade generators and low-configuration generators. But the performance of high-quality ozone generator is very stable, and the ozone concentration and output are not affected by environmental factors. However, the ozone generator with low configuration is greatly affected by the environment when it works. The increase of temperature and humidity can greatly reduce the output and concentration of ozone and affect the treatment effect. When purchasing, the price and performance should be comprehensively compared and evaluated.
to prevent misunderstanding, we need to know whether the ozone generator contains gas source, and the cost of the generator with gas source and the generator without gas source is quite different. If you buy an ozone generator without gas source through price advantage, you still need to make your own gas source device, which may cost more in the end. 2. Understand the structure of the generator, whether it can run continuously, ozone output concentration and other indicators. For example, an ozone generator is needed for water purification. If an open ozone generator is selected by mistake, it cannot be used. 3. Confirm the rated marked output of ozone generator, whether it is marked with air source or marked with oxygen source. Because the ozone output of ozone generator using oxygen source is twice as large as that using air source, the cost difference between them is nearly twice. When purchasing ozone generators, the supply and demand sides should communicate in all directions to avoid misunderstanding, and do not measure ozone generators with price as the main reference. Backup machine
for places where continuous work is not allowed to stop, there should be backup machines when purchasing ozone generators. According to the principle of dual use and one standby, one use and one standby. Standby units are mainly used alternately in the process of equipment maintenance or repair to avoid downtime and maintenance affecting normal production.
mixing mode
from the perspective of ozone technology industry in the world, sterilization and purification of water treatment are the main markets, and the water purification ozone device includes ozone source and gas-water mixing device. The ozone generator should provide ozone with sufficient concentration and output, and the mixing device can dissolve ozone in water with high efficiency, that is, reach a certain ozone solubility. Therefore, a good ozone generator must have an excellent gas-water mixing device, so that ozone can be mixed with water efficiently and the solubility of ozone in water can meet the requirement of complete sterilization.
Comparison of several common mixing devices: traditional aeration method-traditional mixing method with a long history. (The same is true for gas distribution plate method and bubble column method) Operation mode-gas-water downstream, countercurrent or multi-stage series overlapping countercurrent, continuous operation or intermittent batch operation. Advantages: Low energy consumption. Disadvantages: uneven gas distribution and poor mixing when the nozzle is blocked, which requires a large air compressor and an expensive oxidation reaction tower.
second, the famous venturi jet mixing method-a safe and efficient mixing method.
operation mode-forced mixing of gas and water. Advantages: less investment, good mixing, short contact time, and the ozone concentration in water after the jet mixer can be several times that of the aeration method.
Third, the gas-liquid strong mixing chamber-a safe, energy-saving and highly efficient mixing method, is an upgraded product based on the Venturi jet mixer.
operation mode-make full use of the turbulent flow of water to generate a large negative pressure, suck ozone, and generate vortex, rotation and collision in the mixing chamber. It has been proved by practical use that the absorption rate of primary ozone is over 91%, and the solubility of ozone in water is about twice that of Venturi jet mixer under the same ozone generation system. The outer body of the gas-liquid strong mixing cavity is made of 314 stainless steel, the inner cavity is made of 316 stainless steel and some ozone-resistant ABS materials, and the inner cavity of SSLW series is made of stainless steel and ozone-resistant PVDF materials. The product is durable, free from mechanical failure and maintenance, and convenient to operate and install. It is the equipment with the least investment and the best mixing effect at present.
it needs to be customized to handle a large amount of water. The dimensions in the table below may be changed appropriately.
IV. Gas-liquid mixing pump-a safe and efficient mixing method
The suction port of the gas-liquid mixing pump can suck gas by negative pressure, and the high-speed rotating pump impeller mixes and stirs the liquid with the gas. Due to the pressurized mixing in the pump, the gas and the liquid are fully dissolved, and the dissolution efficiency is high. A gas-liquid mixing pump can suck, mix and dissolve gas and liquid, and directly deliver highly dissolved liquid to the point of use.