The purpose of the proletarian revolution is to establish a regime in which the people are the masters of the country, implement public ownership of the means of production, eliminate exploitation and realize distribution according to work. However, in the decades-long socialist practice, the whole country eats from the same pot and engages in egalitarianism. After the reform and opening up, China has gradually changed the average distribution system. Now, is distribution according to work really realized?

1. The system of distribution according to work has been distorted in many ways

After careful investigation, the author found that the distribution according to work has not been fully realized, not only because of private ownership and distribution according to capital, but also because of many distortions, which are as follows:

Regular workers and temporary workers

The coexistence of regular workers and temporary workers is an indisputable fact. For the same job, the treatment of regular workers and temporary workers is completely different: First, different pay for equal work. Many temporary workers' wages and bonuses are only one-third of those of regular workers, and their workload is even more than that of regular workers. In many places, regular workers cross their legs, drink tea and smoke, have meetings, read newspapers, and do nothing. The temporary workers are doing the dirtiest and most tiring work, and they dare not say anything loudly for fear of losing their jobs. Second, the vast majority of temporary workers have no medical insurance and endowment insurance. Third, the work lacks stability. Most units have not signed labor contracts with temporary workers, so they have great arbitrariness in hiring and dismissing. If employees are careless, they may be dismissed without any economic compensation. Four, the vast majority of temporary workers and welfare housing distribution, public holidays, family leave, maternity leave, etc., sick, visiting relatives can only take personal leave, no salary. Five, the political treatment is different, temporary workers are deprived of the right to vote and be elected, and there is no year-end evaluation right. Sixth, it is difficult for children of temporary workers to go to school.

The investigation of the propaganda department of Weifang Municipal Committee on the present situation of workers in the sanitation industry shows that the monthly salary of temporary workers is only 241 yuan, while that of regular workers is about 1,211 yuan. Temporary workers account for more than 73% of the total number of sanitation workers, and most of them work in the front line, while most of the regular workers are in management positions. The salary income and working environment are very different. First, a relative of the author worked as a temporary worker in a company, and his salary was 411 yuan every month. Later, the gift-giving relationship finally became formal, and he did the same job, but his income increased three or four times. Is this reasonable? Here, where there is no shadow of distribution according to work. In China, where public ownership is implemented and distribution according to work is emphasized, in fact, a large number of temporary workers support a large number of regular workers, which is really sad and terrible. In 2112, there were 45 million employees in government agencies and institutions, 51 million employees in state-owned enterprises and 94 million migrant workers. Temporary workers have become the main body of workers, but they are suffering from extremely unfair treatment. Is this fair? How much exploitation is there? I shudder when I think of it. I am a regular worker, and I don't want to see this difference.

The inequality of social security between regular workers and temporary workers is also extremely obvious. How many temporary workers enjoy pension insurance, medical insurance and unemployment insurance for regular workers? If so, what is the ratio? At the end of 2112, there were 368.7 million non-agricultural employees in China, but only 147.3 million, 94 million and 111.82 million people participated in endowment insurance, medical insurance and unemployment insurance.

what's the difference between this and the two-track price system in the late 1981s? Isn't this dual-track system exploitation? There is no vested interest class in this? Fortunately, we still have hope. Shenzhen is brewing equal pay for equal work, weakening the concept of establishment, and has proposed that the total wages of various institutions should be approved by the finance once a year for all use. We look forward to the day when the difference between workers and temporary workers will be eliminated.

Monopoly industries and general industries

In 2112, among the 16 major industries in Beijing's national economy, the per capita wage of financial and insurance industries ranked first in all industries, accounting for 51,189 yuan; Followed by health, sports and social welfare, the per capita wage is 31271 yuan; Scientific research and comprehensive technical services are in the third place, with a per capita wage of 31143 yuan; Electricity, gas and water production ranks fourth, with a per capita wage of 28,111 yuan, and education, culture and sports industries with a per capita wage of 21,299 yuan, accounting for 52.4% of the per capita wage of finance and insurance; The lowest per capita wage of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery is 13149 yuan, which is only 26% of the per capita wage of finance and insurance.

however, the high wages and benefits of many industries are not due to their high technology content and high quality of employees, but to the monopoly of industries, such as electric power, telecommunications, tobacco, finance, insurance, civil aviation, railway and so on. Taking the banking industry as an example, we can see that they have the highest wages in all industries, live in the best houses in all industries and enjoy the best benefits in all industries. Their high salary is due to the high quality of their employees, can't others do it? No! 81% of bank employees can be replaced by other accountants in society. Are they profitable and profitable? Not really. According to the published data, the non-performing loan ratio of state-owned banks is 21.38%, and the non-performing loans of the four major banks are nearly 2,111 billion, plus the 1,611 billion that has been divested to the four major asset management companies, totaling more than 3,611 billion, and the non-performing loan ratio is nearly 41%. They say that the loss is a policy loss, not due to their business factors. However, we can see that there are serious power and money transactions and corruption behind every major loss-making business of banks. The situation in the insurance industry is generally the same. In 2113, China Life Insurance dumped the burden of 151 billion yuan and went public, but their wages were surprisingly high. Is this reasonable? Why can they get a high salary when they lose money? Because they have money in their hands, although it is not their own. They must reduce their wages to digest bad debts and reduce their losses.

many cadres' children are illiterate, but because they have a good father and a good job, they can do nothing all day and eat spicy food. Is this fair? My classmates in college, who are assigned to different industries or enterprises, have very different salaries, which are several times or even more than ten times. Is there such a big difference in ability? No. Can't others do it? Most of them are not. Most people can change jobs with each other. Because of this, when most students graduate, the first thing they think of is to find relationships, give gifts, and find a good company, rather than improve their abilities. To put it bluntly, what determines people's income is not how high your ability is and how well your work is done, but the quality of your position.

regional differences and enterprise differences

China's natural conditions are very different, economic development is very uneven, and the same labor input has different labor results. A farmer who works hard in the desert in the west may only receive 1,111 Jin of grain a year, and in places with good natural conditions in the east, he may receive 2,111 Jin of grain without much effort. If you work as a temporary worker in an enterprise and produce the same quantity and quality of products, you can earn 311 to 411 yuan a month in a western enterprise, 711 to 1,111 yuan in the Yangtze River Delta or Pearl River Delta, and 5 to 6,111 yuan a month if you work in Japan. This difference exists objectively, so all workers are willing to go to the southeast, and many people are desperate to sneak into developed countries. Unfortunately, the ability to place workers in these places is also limited, and many people can't find jobs and have no choice but to return home. This is of course against the principle of distribution according to work. This situation is the result of different local conditions and unbalanced economic development. In developed countries, despite the strong mobility of personnel, this situation has not been avoided.

At present, most enterprises have implemented the piecework wage system. However, for the same effort and the same output, the benefits of enterprises are different due to non-self reasons, and the income of employees is also very different. The benefit of an enterprise depends on many aspects. Researchers should be able to develop competitive products that meet people's needs, producers should be able to produce with good quality and quantity, and salespeople should be able to sell products quickly. However, the deficiency of one link will affect the benefit of the whole enterprise, and the wages of other personnel will be greatly affected. Is this reasonable? When the enterprise benefits well, the people who want to enter can't get in, and when the enterprise benefits badly, the people who want to get out can't get out. Is this reasonable? If the labor market is relatively sound, the same labor is basically the same in different enterprises and will not be affected by enterprise management; This situation is inevitable when the owner is not clear and the labor mobility mechanism is not fully established.

There is no close relationship between labor achievement and income

An enterprise in Shangyu City, Zhejiang Province spent 21 million yuan to introduce foreign equipment, and only spent more than 711,111 yuan on debugging and training fees. However, the average monthly salary of Zhou Guocan, a technician in charge of this assembly line, is only 436 yuan, which is equivalent to that of ordinary workers. Zhou Guocan is deeply dissatisfied with this. He thinks that as a technical talent with both theoretical knowledge and practical experience, such salary cannot reflect its own value. He negotiated with the unit on this, hoping to raise the salary level, but failed. Is this reasonable?

this phenomenon is even more obvious in the units that implement hourly wage system, especially in the party and government undertakings and services whose work cannot be completely fair and objectively quantified. A friend of the author, who works in a school, has a good teaching effect and a high level of scientific research, which is better than that of some professors. However, due to his low length of service and low professional title, his income is more than half that of professors. Is this reasonable?

Distribution according to power

Many cadres have low salaries, but high consumption levels. They are drunk three times a day, smoking Panda China, and their homes are luxuriously decorated. What are the reasons?

China's administrative post consumption has always been covered by the financial package, and many expenditures are mixed, and public and private are not divided. For a long time, public funds for eating and drinking, public funds for traveling, public services for private passengers, private use of buses, public funds for reading, private use of public funds, and public funds for giving gifts have emerged one after another. Food is used as office supplies, materials are used, gifts and travel expenses are used as conference fees, and fake invoices and IOUs abound. Some cadres can be reimbursed by the government for eating, drinking, whoring and gambling, and the people have great opinions.

China Catering Industry Association announced that the turnover of the whole industry in 2112 exceeded 511 billion yuan, of which the proportion of public funds consumption was 21%, reaching 111 billion yuan. In 2113, a proposal in Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference revealed that in the late 1991s, there were about 3.5 million buses in China, including the attendants, which consumed about 311 billion yuan every year. Hainan Daily quoted the financial analysis of highway transportation enterprises in this province, showing that the transportation cost of cars per 11,111 kilometers is 8,215.41 yuan, while the transportation cost of public cars by party and government organs, organizations and institutions is 51,361 yuan per 11,111 kilometers, which is 6.13 times that of transportation enterprises. However, the efficiency of buses is very low, and five buses are only equivalent to zero taxis. Why? The fundamental reason is that the bus is not "public". In some places, one-third of the official cars are public, one-third of the cadres are private, and one-third of the drivers are private. In this way, of the 311 billion spent on buses in China, 211 billion have been used for private purposes!

As a result of mastering the rights of the public, trading in power and money and bribery are spreading in our country. The author knows of several lawsuits, and there are not a few that don't give money. In order to win the lawsuit, the two sides compare gifts. The author contacted several work arrangements, and there was not a time when he didn't give gifts. For a slightly better job, he spent tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands. This is not distribution according to work, it is a typical distribution according to power. Folk songs sing: shoot every other one who has escaped the net, and shoot all the wrongdoers. If it is true, the country will not be a country.

second, reform ideas

(a) give full play to the role of the market in the allocation of labor.

under the condition of market economy, the market is the basis for allocating production factors, and various products and factors keep flowing. The owners of factors all want to make their own factors realize higher value, while the demanders of factors all want to get all kinds of factors at the minimum cost. In the flow, the same products or factors get basically the same price. Capital flow forms an average profit rate within the social scope, and so does the distribution of social labor among social departments. In the market economy, every worker should strive to maximize his own income and strive for a higher salary. They choose a profession or unit by comparison, and every boss tries to hire workers with the lowest salary. This continuous choice makes the same labor get the same remuneration, so that different laborers get different remuneration, so that the wage income of each worker approaches to accurately reflect the quality and quantity of their labor.

Competition plays a decisive role here, including competition between enterprises, competition between laborers, and competition between laborers and enterprises. The competition among workers lowers the wage level, and the competition among enterprises raises the wage level. Finally, the competition between workers and enterprises forms a balanced price. If the enterprise sets the wage level too low, the labor supply will be insufficient, if the wage level is set too high, the labor cost will be too high, and through competition and comparison, it can only choose the wage level close to the social average; If the wage requirements of workers are too low, they are worried that their own labor will not be fully realized. If they are too high, they are afraid that they will not find a job. Through competition and comparison, they can only accept the average wage level. The average wage level accepted by workers and enterprises reflects the actual quality of workers in various industries and the actual amount of labor paid by each worker.

in western enterprises, no matter how old you are, what job title, education background and original contribution, you will get whatever salary you apply for. Because your grades only represent the past, no matter how well you did in the past, you won't get a raise (except for job promotion and job adjustment). If you do more and do well this time, you will get more bonuses, and no one will have any money to eat. However, the consistent practice of many domestic units is to give you a salary increase if you have made contributions, and to rest on your laurels until retirement.

(2) completely break down the barriers between urban and rural areas, industries and enterprises, and realize the full flow of labor.

to realize the basic role of the market in the allocation of labor force, we must completely break down the barriers of urban and rural areas, industries and enterprises to ensure the full flow of labor force in the whole society.

First, we should cancel the restrictive employment policy for migrant workers and break down the barriers between urban and rural areas.

It is necessary to cancel the restrictive employment policy for migrant workers and implement equal employment throughout the country. It is necessary to cancel the restrictions on the use of migrant workers by enterprises, cancel all kinds of registration items such as employment certificates specially set for migrant workers, clean up all kinds of unreasonable fees for migrant workers, relax the conditions for migrants to settle in cities, allow migrants to enter households according to their occupations or places of residence, and guarantee the rights of children of migrants to receive compulsory education fairly.

Second, we must resolutely abolish the distinction between temporary workers and regular workers, and achieve equal pay for equal work (same labor, same output, same remuneration and same treatment) throughout the country.

It is against the law that temporary workers and regular workers have different pay for equal work. Article 46 of the Labor Law stipulates that wage distribution should follow the principle of distribution according to work and equal pay for equal work. Article 72 stipulates that employers and workers must participate in social insurance and pay social insurance premiums according to law. Article 16 stipulates that the employer and the employee shall sign a labor contract. Article 45 stipulates that labor