I. purpose and object of the survey

(I) purpose of the survey

secondary vocational education is a mass education that adheres to employment-oriented, competency-based and service-oriented. In order to highlight the characteristics of vocational education, through this survey, we collect and analyze the information on the social talent demand of students majoring in mechatronics, understand the changes and trends of the knowledge, skills and quality requirements of society, industry and enterprises, provide information for the specialty setting, enrollment scale and student employment guidance of mechatronics in our college, provide basis and help for the training objectives, the revision of teaching plans and curriculum standards, and the teaching reform, so as to improve the training quality of mechatronics professionals in our college.

1. Understand the current situation and development trend of the industry

2. Determine the employment position (group), understand the job responsibilities and the structure of post employees

3. Understand the professional ability structure of related positions in this major, collect work tasks and projects, understand the production objects and production processes of the positions, and go deep into the details of the jobs. Considering the potential factors

4. Defining the professional orientation

(2) Time and place of investigation, Object

Time and place of research object

Director of Human Resources Department of Yuanda Central Air-conditioning Company

Director of Sustainable Building of Yuanda Central Air-conditioning Company

Dean of Yuanda Academy of Engineering of Yuanda Central Air-conditioning Company

First-line staff of Yuanda Central Air-conditioning Company

Human Resources of Zoomlion Co., Ltd. on July 5. Director of the Department

Electrical Engineer of Zoomlion Co., Ltd.

On July 5, Zoomlion Co., Ltd. interviewed front-line employees

II. Research methods and contents

(1) Research methods

Taking representative enterprises as research units. The main methods of investigation are: through on-site communication, questionnaire survey and discussion, to understand the current situation of enterprises, the talent structure and demand of electromechanical posts; The overall evaluation of secondary vocational school students by enterprises; Suggestions from enterprises on school education and teaching.

on July 4th, we went to yuanda central air conditioning co., ltd for investigation. Yang Yingxia, Director of Human Resources Department, Xiao Changgeng, Director of Sustainable Construction Factory, and Yu Lijun, Dean of Yuanda Engineering Institute were investigated in the form of discussion, and the front-line employees were investigated in the form of tables.

on July 5th, we went to Zoomlion Co., Ltd. for investigation. The director of human resources department and front-line employees are investigated in the form of discussion.

(II) Research contents

This research investigated the basic

quality requirements and basic skills requirements of the factory for senior management, basic technicians and front-line employees.

3. Investigation and analysis on the demand of mechanical and electrical professionals

1. Analysis on the demand of enterprises for people at different levels

The pursuit of high-quality products by enterprises makes more and more enterprises pay more attention to the quality of employees. As far as production is concerned, the quality of on-site processing, testing, online management, online maintenance and other personnel determines the quality of production. In the process of communication with the human resources supervisor of the enterprise, we strongly feel that the demand for talents in the enterprise is multi-level. Stable and skilled operators are the basic guarantee to complete production tasks, and equipment maintenance personnel are an important aspect to make products have high quality in the production process. People with more skilled operation skills or broader knowledge or compound skills will be more welcomed by enterprises.

if the main equipment of an enterprise is an automated production line, these equipments are developed by the enterprise according to its own use, so in the process of product production, the maintenance personnel of the production line should not only maintain and repair the existing equipment, but also carry out equipment transformation to meet the production needs of new products. These maintenance personnel must have mechanical and electrical knowledge and ability. On these occasions, compound skilled talents enterprises need it more.

2. Analysis of enterprise's demand for employees' social ability

This year, it is more obvious that many mechanical and electrical enterprises pay more attention to people's social ability and non-intellectual quality, and are good at communicating with others, correct values, professionalism, hardship, discipline, responsibility and work attitude when employing people. And those who are fashionable in appearance (hair style, clothing), disheveled or stiff in expression are often not welcomed by mechanical and electrical enterprises during interviews.

mainly for electromechanical maintenance and assembly jobs. In this kind of post, the technical content of mechanical maintenance and electrical maintenance is high, which requires maintenance personnel to have a long period of experience accumulation on the basis of understanding the structure and principle of mechanical equipment, electrical equipment and electromechanical equipment. At present, in most enterprises, mechanical maintenance and electrical maintenance generally have a clear division of labor, and secondary vocational graduates can only do some auxiliary work at the beginning of this kind of post. Relatively speaking, secondary vocational graduates in assembly jobs are easier to get started, but the treatment is also lower.

3. Basic information of employees in mechanical and electrical posts

The investigation team investigated the age, education, technical level and salary income of employees in the above-mentioned mechanical and electrical posts.

(1) age structure

(2) educational background structure

the educational background structure of employees in electromechanical maintenance and assembly positions is shown in table 3. Junior high school graduates can generally only engage in the disassembly and assembly of simple machinery; In addition to the assembly line with low technical content, graduates from high school or secondary vocational school can also engage in mechanical maintenance and electrical maintenance after a long period of experience accumulation, while graduates from junior college or higher vocational school can work as mechanical maintenance and electrical maintenance technicians after practical experience accumulation.

(3) Proportion of people corresponding to skill level and annual income

Employees in mechanical and electrical maintenance and assembly jobs generally hold national professional qualification certificates such as locksmith, machinist locksmith, assembly locksmith and maintenance electrician, and relevant employment certificates. The proportion of people corresponding to the five levels of primary, intermediate, advanced, technician and senior technician is shown in Table 4. Mechanical maintenance and electrical maintenance technicians are generally college graduates or above majoring in mechanical manufacturing, mechatronics, automatic control, etc., and have acquired advanced skills or above through practice.

from table 4, it can be seen that the income level of employees with the same level of skills has a greater fluctuation, mainly because the operating conditions of different enterprises are quite different. At the same time, on the whole, the income level of all kinds of personnel is not high, especially the income level of senior and above skilled personnel is low. This is also the root cause of the current shortage of highly skilled talents.

4. Analysis of recruitment channels for electromechanical professionals

The recruitment channels for corresponding positions of electromechanical professionals mainly include: talent market, recruitment of fresh graduates from relevant schools, recommendation of acquaintances, network, talent agency companies, etc.

For secondary vocational school students, enterprises generally check the students' academic performance and evaluation, the skills certificates they hold and the skills they have through interviews, and some of them also conduct tests or study trials, and finally decide to formally hire those students who can be human beings and officers.

5. Enterprise's evaluation of secondary vocational graduates

Enterprise's evaluation of secondary vocational graduates is as follows: (1) Knowledge level. Satisfied accounts for 25%, relatively satisfied accounts for 38%, fair accounts for 29%, and dissatisfied accounts for 8%. (2) Skill level. Satisfied accounts for 5%, relatively satisfied accounts for 33%, fair accounts for 42%, and dissatisfied accounts for 21%. (3) Work attitude. Satisfied accounts for 8%, relatively satisfied accounts for 29%, fair accounts for 51%, and dissatisfied accounts for 12%.

6. Suggestions of enterprises on the education and teaching of mechanical and electrical specialty in secondary vocational schools

According to the survey, the suggestions of enterprises on the education and teaching of mechanical and electrical specialty in secondary vocational schools can be summarized as follows:

(1) Strengthening the pertinence of training objectives; (3) Setting courses and determining teaching contents according to the requirements of enterprise's post professional ability.

(2) In terms of professional knowledge, we should strengthen the teaching of mechanical drawing, metal cutting principles and tools, equipment structure, mechanical transmission, tolerance fit and measurement, machining technology, fixtures and other knowledge to improve the effectiveness.

(3) In terms of professional skills, we should strengthen the practice of machine tool operation, common fault identification, diagnosis and elimination, tool sharpening, parts precision measurement, mechanical equipment disassembly, installation, debugging and maintenance.

(4) In terms of work attitude, there are mainly: establishing an accurate view of employment; Good professional ethics and code of conduct, love and respect their jobs; Work hard and bear hardships and stand hard work; Cultural difference education of different enterprises, etc.

IV. Teaching situation and main problems of electromechanical specialty in secondary vocational schools

(1) Curriculum and use of teaching materials

At present, the curriculum is generally: mechanical drawing, mechanical foundation, mechanical manufacturing technology foundation, metal technology, electrical technology foundation, electrical control technology foundation, CAD/CAM, PLC, limit fit and technical measurement, metal cutting machine tools, mechanical manufacturing technology, electronic technology foundation.

The original curriculum system and teaching materials can no longer meet the current target orientation and teaching needs of the mechanical and electrical specialty in secondary vocational schools. The subjective reason is that as a school level, it has no ability to conduct scientific and systematic research on the curriculum system, and it can only be chosen and accepted based on experience from all sides.

(2) Training conditions

In recent years, our school has strengthened the construction of training bases, improved training conditions, and acquired various types of metal cutting machines and other training equipment. The improvement of practical training conditions provides the necessary guarantee for cultivating students' practical skills. At present, the training projects offered in this major are: fitter training, electrician training, electronic training and so on.

(3) Students' research

Students of this major have obtained intermediate vocational qualification certificates of corresponding jobs upon graduation

5. Suggestions on the reform of electromechanical specialty

1. Suggestions on the adjustment of training objectives of electromechanical specialty

From the above investigation and analysis, it can be seen that under the background of vigorously developing equipment manufacturing industry in China, there is a strong demand for skilled talents in electromechanical maintenance and assembly positions. Regardless of the basic characteristics of students or the current school conditions of our school, skilled talents in this kind of position are suitable training targets for mechanical and electrical majors in secondary vocational schools. Therefore, the training goal of this major should be mainly to train medium-sized applied skilled talents who are engaged in mechanical and electrical maintenance and assembly and related positions and have a career development foundation.

2. Suggestions on the curriculum of mechanical and electrical specialty

The curriculum should be employment-oriented, task-oriented, and modular project-based teaching, and it should also combine the teaching conditions of the school and emphasize operability.

3. Suggestions on teaching reform of mechanical and electrical specialty

(1) Make the teaching plan and main course contents according to the training objectives of this specialty.

(2) Professional teaching implements the teaching idea of task-oriented and adopts project teaching method. According to the course content, typical projects are selected as teaching topics, "production scenarios" are created, and the integrated teaching of theory and practice is implemented to improve students' learning interests and tap their potential, which is conducive to the comprehensive cultivation of students' professional knowledge and professional ability.

(3) combine academic education with vocational qualification certificate training, and strengthen the communication between academic education and vocational qualification certificate, so that students can obtain corresponding vocational qualification certificates while obtaining academic certificates. In terms of curriculum structure, teaching content and teaching schedule of academic education, we should provide support for students to obtain vocational qualification certificates, and students should also obtain corresponding credits while obtaining vocational qualification certificates. In the examination of academic education, it is necessary to establish a scientific and continuous evaluation mechanism for students' comprehensive ability, so that employers, students and their parents can participate in the learning evaluation. It is necessary to combine summative assessment with formative assessment and pay attention to the development of students' comprehensive vocational ability.

(4) Strengthen the construction of professional teachers to meet the requirements of the new teaching mode. Schools should establish a mechanism for professional teachers to practice in enterprises regularly, so as to constantly update teachers' professional knowledge and skills and improve their practical ability. In teaching activities, teachers should adapt to the requirements of the new teaching model and strive to become planners, organizers and consultants in the learning process.

finishing: zhl211711