1, domestic
1, Hebei Province
Potou City, Nampi County on July 15 to carry fruit, dried meat, wine, kozo money, etc., to the graveyard of the ancestors to pay homage. They also bring hemp and grain to the field stalks, which is called "recommending the new". In Guangping County, seasonal food is offered to ancestors on the Mid-Yuan Festival, and fruits, vegetables and steamed goats are prepared and given to grandchildren, which is called "sending goats". In Qinghe County, on the 15th day of the 7th lunar month, people visit the graves of their ancestors and give steamed sheep to their daughters.
2, Shanxi Province
Yonghe County readers on this day of sacrifice Kui Xing. Changzi County, the shepherd's family in the Mid-Yuan Festival, slaughtering sheep race God, according to popular legend, so that the sheep can increase production. And give meat to the relatives, poor family without sheep is steamed noodles for sheep instead. Yangcheng County, farmers to wheat shavings made into cats, tigers and the shape of grains, in the field sacrifice, known as the "line field". The people of Ma Yi County made children's shapes out of wheat flour on the Mid-Yuan Festival, named "Noodle Man", and gave them to each other as gifts to the children of their relatives. Xinxian County farmers in the middle of the Yuan Festival in the field stalks hanging five-color paper.
3, Henan Province
Shangqiu County in the Yuan Festival, hanging paper flags at the door, the legend can prevent insects. Mengjin County in the Yuan Festival kite flying. Open County on July 15 in front of the door to draw a gray circle, burning paper in the circle to worship ancestors.
Shandong Province: Long Island fishermen to board Panicum made of small boats, on the sticker a note "for the use of xxx," or for the drowned person's tablet, and then loaded with food, clothes, hats, shoes and socks and other paraphernalia, and then light candles, by the married man will be put into the sea boat. In Zhanhua County, each family picks hemp and fresh grass to build a shed called a "hemp house" and invites ancestors to worship in it. In Duling County, the Mid-Yuan Festival is known as the Pinch Mouth Festival, and every family eats a light meal.
4, Shaanxi Province
Lintong County, July 15, burning paper sacrifices Ma Gu. Chenggu County, Zhongyuan Festival farmers will drink, known as "hanging hoe". Yanzhou farmers, the morning of the Mid-Yuan Festival to the field, select the highest, the most dense ears of rice, hanging five-colored paper flags, called "field pennant".
5, Jiangsu Province
Wu County residents of the Mid-Yuan Festival to tin foil folding ingots, incinerated along the road, known as the "knot ghosts". Yizheng County is still popular throughout the paper ghosts, hidden bowl lights, gambling ghosts, drunkards, big old officials and so on. Yixing County in the Yuan Festival in the river to put four boats, a fireworks, a carrier of the Buddha's grandmother Nianfo, a burnt tin foil paper ingots, a river lamps. The villagers in Dongxian County eat flat food on this day, which is a kind of food made of flour and sugar in the shape of a dustpan. When Shanghai releases river lanterns, red and green paper lanterns are dotted on the stern of the boat, which is called "Duluo".
6, Sichuan Province
Sichuan Province, the custom of the Yuan dynasty ancestor burned baggage paper. To be a stack of paper money, sealed into a small seal, written above the recipient's name and name, the number of seals received, the name of the person and time. Popular legend has it that on July 15, when the ghost gate is closed, all families have to "send children to the orphans". People around Chengdu use paper to tie "flower plate", put paper money and fruit offerings on it, put it in their hands, and read it while walking around the house: "Friends and relatives, neighbors, original residents, the souls of the dead who can't go back, and all the orphans and wild ghosts, all of them are invited to go on the flower plate, and send you back to the house. After saying this, he took it outside the house and incinerated it.
7, Zhejiang Province
Jiashan County to rain on the Mid-Yuan Festival as a sign of a good rice harvest. Tonglu County people in the Yuan Festival evening gong spread rice in the wild, known as the "food". East Zhejiang Bon, please twenty-four old ladies "go eight knot", while reciting scripture. Tiantai in the Yuan Festival to eat "dumpling cake", tube similar to spring rolls. There is also the custom of putting street lamps to six strong men as a group: a person to beat the gong, a person to play the bang, a person to carry a lantern, a person to spread salt and rice along the way, a person along the way to set up incense and candles (inserted in a piece of sweet potatoes or taro), a person along the way to set up a piece of bean curd and a rice ball (placed in a piece of large tree tree), about every hundred paces to set up a sacrificial offering.
9, Jiangxi Province
]Ji'an people in the Yuan Festival burning paper, ingots, however, pregnant women are prohibited from folding paper ingots. It is said that pregnant women folded paper ingots, incinerated ghosts can not take, sent to the netherworld is not beneficial. When the fireworks, the priest to the stage throwing buns, fruit. Legend has it that if a woman grabs a bun, she will have a child the following year. If a child grabs a bun, he or she will be free from fear for the rest of his or her life. An Yuan County ancestor worship, first on July 12, incense burning tea, morning and evening offerings. On the fifteenth night, they burn kozo and offer paper money.
10, Fujian Province
Yongfu County in the Yuan Festival, married women must go home to their ancestors. The Fuzhou dialect calls this festival "Burning Paper Festival". Married women to prepare their parents' clothes and robes in a box, with a yarn cage, called "yarn box", sent to their parents' home. Minzhongyuan has the custom of Pudu, which is always held in both urban and rural areas, and its funds are collected by people along the door. Even the poorest families would try their best to raise money to cope with the event. There is a proverb that says: "If you don't pay for Pudu, the plague will come. If Pudu doesn't contribute, the short master will come to get it. When Pudu is held, there is also the performance of the children's orchestra. In Putu Xian, there are customs such as "family rituals", "Gongmao fever", "sending paper", "gold kuey teow", etc. The family rituals are held in the city of Putu Xian, which is the capital of Putu Xian.
11. Guangdong Province
The Yao tribe in Qujiang County offer sacrifices to their ancestors on the 15th day of the 7th lunar month, as well as to the King of Dogs, with small boys and girls dressed in flowery garments singing and dancing to honor the gods. The people of Gui Shan County celebrate the 14th day of the 7th month as the Zhong Yuan Festival. It is rumored that the festival is celebrated one day earlier because the Yuan soldiers came down from the south in order to avoid the disaster. Chenghai County in the Yuan Festival sacrifices ancestors and stove God. Deqing Zhou Zhongyuan to winter leaves wrapped in powder as a cake, called "bridge", used to worship ancestors. In ancient Chao Yang County, when giving orphans, rich people would buy plows and harrows, waterwheels, and even girls from poor families, which were written on pieces of paper, and the pieces of paper were also scattered when giving food. Those who could not afford to buy farming tools or marry a wife could receive the slips of paper.
12, Guangxi Province
Guilin area people more than the month of fourteen for the ghost festival, the whole festival is supposed to start to July 7 to the night of July 14, the process is to meet the ancestors and send ancestors, the process of sacrificing ancestors; some places from July 7 to meet the ancestors, there are July 13 to meet the ancestors, but the seventh of July are also to be "Gong Rice On July 14, the ancestors are sent off at night, and the ceremony of sending off the ancestors is held at around 10:00 p.m. after the rituals are performed before dinner, and at the same time, the "wallets" with the names of the ancestors (about how many generations of ancestors are written varies from family to family) and the "wallets" of the danmen and the king of the guiding road are placed in the "wallets" of the ancestors. Yangshan people to July 14 for the Meilian Festival, more than killing ducks to sacrifice ancestors, no pedestrians on the road that day, called "hiding ghosts". In Guangxi Province, the Mid-Yuan Festival is also known as the "Duck Festival", and it is believed that the souls of the dead can stand on the ducks and travel freely between the yang and yin worlds through the transportation of the ducks. In addition, there is also the custom of "burning bags", which generally involves offering sacrifices to ancestors, followed by burning clothes for the ghosts. Ancestors must be placed in a flat colander, meaning that the ghosts can not be snatched.
13, Yunnan Province
Teng Yue people burned after ancestor worship package, and a cucumber, carved into a boat-shaped, called "cucumber boat", with the package together with the incineration.
14, Hunan Province
Shaoyang people in the lunar calendar before and after the twelfth day of the seventh month "to receive the old guest", in the lunar calendar on the night of the fifteenth day of the seventh month of the incineration of the paper bag, burn incense to worship ancestors, said "send the old guest. The paper bag is wrapped with inch-thick paper money, the front of the paper bag book on the name of the ancestor, wrapped up in the back of the book must be 'seal' word. On the night of the fifteenth, the more sealed packets burned, the bigger the fire, indicating that the family is more prosperous.
15, Hubei Province
Macheng people around the 15th day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, must slaughter animals, pick up the aunts of the family name to get together for the festival, burning paper money to worship the deceased ancestors. On the day of the festival, the first meat and white wine, and "steamed bread" rice, bamboo chopsticks spread between the rice, lights, but also to talk about the words of sacrifice. The male members of each family personally print on the paper money to make paper money, burn paper after, kneeling to worship the ancestors. Afterwards, the family gathers for a feast. The festival can be held on any day between July 13th and 16th.
16. Hong Kong, China
In Hong Kong, most of the bon festivals are held on Chaozhou, but there are also places that organize the Bun Festival of the Chinese New Year, and Peng Chau on the outlying islands is one of the places that organizes the Bun Festival of the Chinese New Year. The Peng Chau Bun Festival is held on the 12th to 15th day of the 7th month of the Chinese lunar calendar and lasts for four days, with the most exciting day being the 15th day of the 7th month. Ceremonies on that day include the walking of the afternoon rituals, the walking of the dragon boat, the release of the lanterns on land and water, the setting up of a heavenly seating area, the competition for the sacrificial offerings, and the making of the Da Shi Kung (the Goddess of Mercy).
2. Overseas
1. Japan
Japanese "Bon" Festival (Ghost Festival) parade Bon Festival in the Bird Period by the Sui and Tang Dynasty China into Japan, commonly known as "お盆"(おぼん、Pronunciation: O-bon, Obon, Bon Festival). Obon" (pronounced: O-bon, short for Bon). It is celebrated from July 13th to 16th in urban areas and from August 13th to 16th in rural areas. The graves are swept before the 13th day, the ghosts of the deceased are received on the 13th day, and sent on the 16th day. There is also the habit of sending gifts to the middle of the year, folklore will also be gathered, dancing a kind of dance called "Bon-odori", focusing on hand movements, similar to today's Para Para.
Japanese people attach great importance to the Obon Festival, has now become second only to New Year's Day, an important holiday, businesses, companies will generally be on vacation for a week or so, called "Bon-Ho", which is called "Bon-Ho". The holiday is called "Bon-Holiday", and many Japanese who work outside the home choose to use this holiday to go back to their hometowns for reunion and ancestor worship. At this time, the streets of metropolitan cities (such as Tokyo, Osaka, and so on) are mostly clear, which is similar to China's Ching Ming Festival.
2, North Korea
Korea's Midwinter Festival, also known as the "Hundred in the Festival", "Hundred kinds of Festival", "Festival of the Dead", is a traditional holiday in North Korea, from the Chinese Taoism, which is also known as the Midwinter Festival. It is a traditional Korean festival, which comes from the Chinese Taoist Zhongyuan Festival and the Buddhist Bon Festival, and then develops Korean characteristics. Compared with the Chinese and Japanese Midwon Festival, which focuses more on ancestor worship and Pudu, the Korean Midwon Festival retains more of the original meaning of celebrating the harvest by farmers in the fall, with ancestor worship and the rituals for the dead souls coming second.
3, Singapore
In Singapore's Chinese region, in addition to the traditional customs of the Mid-Yuan Festival, such as ancestor worship and Pudu, there is also a special performance to entertain the ghosts, the local Hokkien people (Southern Fujianese) called the "July Songtai" or simply "Songtai". The local Hokkien (southern Fujianese) call it "July Songtai" or simply "Songtai". These stage performances usually involve setting up a temporary stage in an open space, adding sound equipment and lights, and arranging rows of chairs in the audience gallery under the stage, with the first row of chairs usually reserved for the "good brothers" (ghosts). Often scheduled at night, the performances on stage include witty skits, magic tricks, singing and dancing, and are performed throughout the seventh month of the lunar calendar.
4, Malaysia
Malaysia Zhongyuan Festival in Malaysia's Chinese areas, the Zhongyuan Festival, also known as the Yu Lan Sheng Hui or Chingzan Zhongyuan in addition to ancestor worship Pudu performance of the traditional customs of the various origins of the drama, there is also a special performance to entertain the ghosts of the locals to establish a Singaporean Chinese similar to the song stage culture, generally similar to the Singaporean is the temple or the Yu Lan Sheng Hui before the building of a temporary stage on the open space, together with the Yu Lan Sheng Hui before It is generally similar to Singapore, which is to set up a temporary stage in the open space before the temple or Yu Lan Festival, add sound equipment and lighting and other decorations, and set up rows of chairs in the audience under the stage, and the first row of chairs is usually reserved for the "good brothers" (ghosts), and sometimes put beer and other beverages, peanuts, soy beans and other snacks. The stage performances are usually scheduled from 8:00 p.m. to 12:00 a.m. and feature a variety of acts including witty skits, magic tricks, songs and dances, and are held throughout the seventh month of the lunar calendar.
As a traditional celebration of the festival, cabaret performances are often the subject of police warnings due to complaints from some of the surrounding residents about the excessive noise. In addition, the frequent presence of hosts who tell dirty jokes and female performers in revealing outfits have given many people in Malaysia and Singapore a wrong impression of the July festival. However, in the past few years, the Malaysian Council for the Celebration of the Chinese New Year (MCCNY) has banned the wearing of revealing clothing by performers and controlled the volume of the stage to avoid misunderstandings and friction.
In addition, there is a 26-foot, 8-inch tall papier-maché daisy in Bakong Cheng, Penang, which has become an annual event in the North Malaysian district, and many tourists flock to Bakong Cheng during the Mid-Year Festival to pay homage to the daisy, which is the largest in the North Malaysian state. This huge Daishi is erected in the Daishi Hall of the Pujo Bon Festival in the downtown area of Tai Shan Foi. The imposing golden body of the Grand Master has attracted many foreign tourists to visit.