administrative division
Taiyuan is the capital of Shanxi Province. Taiyuan is located in the middle of Shanxi Province, surrounded by mountains on both sides of the city, with Fenhe alluvial fan plain in the middle. Fenhe River runs through the whole city from north to south and divides the city into two parts. The city covers a total area of 6,988 kilometers, including urban area 1.460 kilometers. The city has jurisdiction over three urban areas: Chengnan District, north city District and Hexi District; Suburbs: southern suburbs and northern suburbs; 3 counties: Qingxu County, Yangqu County and loufan county; 1 county-level city: Gujiao city.
Historical origin
Taiyuan is a famous historical city, which was called Jinyang in ancient times. It was built in 497 BC and was the early capital of Zhao. In 246 BC, Qin Shihuang divided the world into 36 counties and established Taiyuan County for the first time. It has been called Taiyuan since then. Later, during the Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Taiyuan was always an important town in previous dynasties. In the Five Dynasties, Jinyang was the capital of the later Jin Dynasty, the later Han Dynasty and the northern Han Dynasty. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin overthrew the Later Zhou Dynasty and established the Northern Song Dynasty. Later, in 979 AD, he sent his younger brother Zhao Guangyi to conquer Jinyang, set fire to the city, and a generation of famous cities were reduced to ashes. In 982, Zhao Guangyi appointed the Ministry of Pan Mei to rebuild Taiyuan City. In this way, until the warlord Yan Xishan ruled Shanxi in the early years of the Republic of China, Taiyuan was originally the capital and lasted for more than two thousand years. After the war, the ancient city of Taiyuan was repeatedly replaced. 1On April 24th, 949, China People's Liberation Army conquered Taiyuan, and finally returned the ancient city to the people's hands and gained a new life. In the long history, Taiyuan was once famous for its developed handicraft industry and commerce. As early as the Tang and Song Dynasties, Taiyuan had become a city with a relatively developed handicraft industry. The "wood grain porcelain" in Taiyuan ceramics in Song Dynasty is unique in China. After the Yuan Dynasty, Taiyuan was the national weapons manufacturing center. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, Taiyuan's commerce has developed rapidly. Especially in the Ming Dynasty, the workshops and shops in Da Nanguan, Taiyuan were dotted with unprecedented pomp. The ancients once praised it as "covering the sky and covering the sun, spreading the pulse of the earth."
Geographical resources
Taiyuan is rich in natural resources, especially mineral resources. The main metal minerals are iron, manganese, copper, aluminum and lead. Non-metallic minerals include coal, sulfur, limestone, gypsum, refractory clay, alum, dolomite, quartz sand and so on. Among many mineral resources, coal is the most important. According to the test, the total coal reserves in Taiyuan City exceed 24.5 billion tons. Followed by iron ore, the current proven reserves are 65.438+0.7 billion tons. Gypsum mine is the third largest mineral in Taiyuan, which is famous for its excellent texture.
History and culture
Taiyuan is also an ancient historical city, with many celebrities: Guo Huai, a famous three-country star, Liu Kun, a secretariat official in the Western Jin Dynasty, Di, a politician in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Wang Zhihuan, a patriotic star in the Northern Song Dynasty, Luo Guanzhong, a famous writer in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, Fu Shan, a thinker, writer and physician in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and Gao, one of the founders of China's * * Production Party, were all born in Taiyuan or for this ancient city. At the same time, a long history has left us a valuable cultural heritage. Among many cultural relics, Jinci Temple has attracted thousands of Chinese and foreign tourists from Qian Qian with its long history, perfect modeling, broad momentum, superb artistic attainments and beautiful natural environment.
economic development
Before liberation, Taiyuan's social and economic development was very backward. Under the rule of the old warlord Yan Xishan, coupled with years of war, the city was ruined and the people had no food and clothing. As an important industrial town in the north, Taiyuan's total industrial output value on the eve of liberation was only over 40 million yuan. After the founding of New China, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, Taiyuan has entered the most prosperous period in history. With the rapid development of social economy, all walks of life are thriving, people's material and cultural life is rich and colorful, and the people of the city have created one miracle after another in the historical tide of reform and opening up.
As the central city of Shanxi's energy and heavy chemical industry base, Taiyuan's industry has developed rapidly with the deepening of reform and opening up and the gradual establishment of modern enterprise system.
Since the reform and opening up, Taiyuan's agriculture and township enterprises have made great progress. From 65438 to 0994, the total agricultural output reached/kloc-0.5 billion yuan, and the total grain output of the whole city reached 384,800 tons, which was the second high-yield year in history. Agricultural production conditions have been continuously improved, all kinds of agricultural machinery are readily available, and the mechanization of farming has reached more than 65%. At the same time, farmers have been liberated from the shackles of the old system. In order to realize a well-off society at an early date and vigorously develop township enterprises, the degree of rural industrialization has been continuously improved. At present, there are 48,252 township enterprises in the city with 293,800 employees, accounting for 65.42% of the total rural labor force. The total output value of township enterprises131270,000 yuan, and the total income117.03 million yuan. Townships with output value of 100 million yuan 1 1, villages with output value of 10 million yuan 185, and 80 enterprises with output value of 10 million yuan. It has formed 2/kloc-0 industrial communities, 20 specialized markets and 28 enterprise groups, which have made outstanding contributions to Taiyuan's economic development.
city construction
As the capital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan's urban construction is advancing by leaps and bounds. In the past, low-rise houses were replaced by high-rise buildings, wide and tidy streets extended in all directions, and garden-style residential quarters were like pearls. Various commercial and cultural facilities are scattered all over the place, which makes people dizzying. Today, Taiyuan has 553 kilometers of urban roads, including 453 kilometers of advanced roads and 80 highway bridges. There are thousands of buses, trolleybuses and taxis, which shuttle through the streets to meet passengers from south to north. Urban gas production capacity reached 635,000 cubic meters/day, with 306,600 users and gas users 1.2 1.4 million, with a penetration rate of 74%. The housing situation of citizens is improving day by day. At present, the city's per capita living area has reached 7.97 square meters, and water, heating, electricity, gas and sanitation facilities are complete. With the deepening of the housing system reform, the commercial housing and housing projects in Taiyuan have developed rapidly, meeting the needs of consumers at different levels. Especially in the housing project, 250,000 square meters of houses have been completed and put into use, which has been praised and praised by the working class.
Traffic communication
Taiyuan is an important city in the north of China. Since the reform and opening up, successive municipal party committees and municipal governments have attached great importance to the construction of infrastructure such as transportation and communication, in order to make Taiyuan an international metropolis at an early date. After re-expansion, Taiyuan Railway Station has become the second largest passenger station in North China with magnificent momentum, advanced facilities and doubled passenger capacity. Taiyuan station is the largest cargo distribution station in Shanxi. There are Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan line, North-South Tongpu line, Taijiao line, Jingyuan line, Taikoo Port line and other railway trunk lines criss-crossing. There are direct trains to Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chengdu, Qingdao, Wuhan, Jinan, Xi, Shijiazhuang, Baotou and other cities. Taiyuan has become an important railway hub in northern China. Highway transportation is both passenger and cargo, with Taiyuan as the center, radiating the whole country and connecting cities, villages and places of interest inside and outside the province. In particular, the construction and partial opening of Taiyuan to Jiuguan expressway has provided more favorable conditions for Taiyuan's economic take-off. Make full use of modern high technology, rebuild Taiyuan airport, and make Taiyuan civil aviation development reach a new level. From then on, large passenger planes can take off and land directly at Taiyuan airport, and the navigation capacity is greatly improved. The communication between Taiyuan and major cities in China and even around the world will become faster and more convenient. Communications and postal services have developed rapidly. At present, the total capacity of local telephone exchanges in Taiyuan City has reached 304,000, automatic toll exchange has reached 38,000, and local telephone users have reached1.2000. With the United States, Britain, France, Canada, Japan and other more than 200 countries and regions (islands) established international bilateral postal services. According to the statistics of 1994, the passenger traffic of railways, highways and air in Taiyuan has reached16.206 million person-times, the freight yard traffic volume has reached 9804 1 10,000 tons, and the total postal service (billing) has reached 306 million yuan. The development of transportation, post and telecommunications has greatly improved the investment environment in Taiyuan.
Science education, culture and health
Today's Taiyuan is no longer a simple heavy industry city in the past. With the rapid development of science and technology, education, culture and health, the human settlement environment in Taiyuan has undergone fundamental changes, and the construction of spiritual civilization has also achieved fruitful results. By the end of 1994, there were 20 independent scientific research institutions in the city, with staff of 14700. There are institutions of higher learning 12, 48 secondary specialized schools, 38 technical schools, 228 ordinary middle schools, 49 agricultural and vocational middle schools, primary schools 16 10 and 22 adult colleges. There are 967 health institutions in the city, with 9 hospital beds per thousand people and professional health technicians 1 1 person. In particular, people's cultural and entertainment undertakings have developed rapidly. There are 227 film projection units, 3/kloc-0 theaters, 6 art performance groups, 2 museums, 7 public libraries, 4 radio stations, and 65,440 short-wave broadcasting transmitting stations and relay stations. Especially in recent years, various karaoke bars, dance halls and summer entertainment parties have sprung up quietly, adding a lot of interest to people's lives and further enriching people's amateur cultural life. At the same time, the prosperity of various businesses, restaurants and service industries has made people's lives more convenient. There are 20,274 commercial retail outlets, 224 markets and 9,456 catering outlets in the city.
reform and opening-up
It is the common wish of 3 million Taiyuan people to go out of Shanxi and go to the world and build Taiyuan into a modern international city. From 199 1, Taiyuan was approved by the State Council as an inland provincial capital and an open city around Bohai Sea. At the same time, Taiyuan is also a city along the Eurasian Continental Bridge, and its opening conditions are relatively superior. Under the guidance of the Party's reform and opening-up policy, Taiyuan has made great efforts to improve the investment environment, actively attract investment, participate in international consultations and cooperation, and made remarkable achievements in opening up. By the end of 1994, there were 4 15 foreign-funded enterprises, with a total supply value of 5.07 billion yuan and a total import and export value of 79.98 million US dollars. In that year, there were 100 foreign-funded enterprises, with a total investment of10.70 billion US dollars and contractual foreign investment of 7010.9 million US dollars. The number of international people, overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao who came to Taiyuan that year was 1.88 million. Taiyuan has also established friendly trade relations with more than 100 countries and regions, and has formed sister cities with Newcastle City in Britain and saitama in Japan.
The reform and opening up has made the ancient city Taiyuan full of vitality, and the dawn of 2 1 century is beckoning to us. Under the guidance of Comrade Deng Xiaoping's Theory of Building Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Taiyuan Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government are determined to lead the 3 million Taiyuan people, unswervingly implement the Party's basic line, further intensify reform, speed up the pace of opening up, seize the opportunity, make full use of Taiyuan's unique advantages and conditions, and build Taiyuan into a modern metropolis as soon as possible.