Traditional rough processing of bamboo is difficult to bring substantial growth to bamboo industry. In this context, bamboo fiber, a new environmental protection material, is becoming the most potential and influential product in bamboo processing industry and bamboo industry, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of bamboo.
Bamboo fiber
The preparation technology of bamboo fiber involves the cross fields of physics, chemistry, biology, machinery, textile and composite materials. For example, bamboo winding, reconstituted bamboo, bamboo steel and other building materials, also known as bamboo-based fiber composites, are essentially bamboo fiber composites, and bamboo fiber is the raw material of all bamboo composite products.
Bamboo fiber is a cellulose fiber extracted from natural bamboo. Bamboo fiber has good air permeability, instant water absorption, strong wear resistance and good dyeability, and has natural antibacterial, bacteriostatic, acaricidal, deodorizing and anti-ultraviolet functions.
Bamboo fiber is divided into raw bamboo fiber and bamboo pulp fiber (including bamboo lyocell fiber and bamboo viscose fiber). Industrial development started late and the overall scale was small. Bamboo fiber manufacturers in Hebei, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Sichuan and other places in China have successively developed various new bamboo fibers and their blended fabrics and clothing products, which are not only sold domestically, but also exported to Japan, South Korea and other regions.
Bamboo fabric
Natural bamboo fiber (bamboo fiber) is a new fiber material with environmental protection, which is different from chemical bamboo viscose fiber (bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo charcoal fiber). It is a natural fiber directly separated from bamboo by mechanical and physical separation, chemical or biological degumming, opening and carding, and it is the fifth largest natural fiber after cotton, hemp, silk and wool.
Bamboo fiber has excellent performance, which can not only replace chemical materials such as glass fiber, viscose fiber and plastic, but also has the characteristics of environmental protection, renewable raw materials, low pollution, low energy consumption and biodegradability. It can be widely used in textile industry, such as weaving, nonwovens, nonwovens and so on, as well as in the production field of composite materials such as transportation, building plates, household and sanitary products.
Bamboo fiber yarn
Natural bamboo fiber is the fifth largest natural fiber after cotton, hemp, silk and wool. Bamboo fiber has excellent performance, which can not only replace chemical materials such as glass fiber, viscose fiber and plastic, but also has the characteristics of environmental protection, renewable raw materials, low pollution, low energy consumption and biodegradability. It can be widely used in textile industry, such as weaving, nonwovens, nonwovens and so on, as well as in the production field of composite materials such as transportation, building plates, household and sanitary products.
At present, bamboo fiber is widely used in high-end clothing, home textiles, high-elastic soft padding, industrial textiles, tableware, bamboo pulp paper and other downstream applications. Textile and paper industry are its main application fields.
Bamboo fiber dish towel
textile industry
China's textile industry is developing rapidly, and the annual output of synthetic fibers accounts for 32% of the global output. Synthetic fiber is made from petroleum and natural gas through spinning and post-treatment to synthesize polymer compounds. However, with the development of green economy, the appearance of environmentally-friendly high-quality bamboo fiber meets the requirements of the transformation and development of traditional textile industry. The development of bamboo fiber series products can not only fill the gap in the shortage of new textile materials, but also alleviate the shortage of chemical fiber products relying on imported supply, which has good market prospects.
Previously, bamboo fiber products such as bamboo, bamboo cotton, bamboo hemp, bamboo wool, bamboo filament, bamboo Tencel, bamboo lycra, blended yarn, woven fabric and yarn-dyed fabric have been introduced in China. It is understood that bamboo fiber in the textile field is divided into natural bamboo fiber and regenerated bamboo fiber.
Among them, the recycled bamboo fiber includes bamboo pulp viscose fiber and bamboo lyocell fiber, which is seriously polluted. Bamboo lyocell fiber is known as the "Tencel" in the textile industry. The fabric has the advantages of high strength, high traceability, high temperature resistance and good stability, and is listed as one of the key projects of bio-based chemical fiber industrialization project during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period. The future development of textile field should focus on the development and utilization of bamboo pulp fiber.
For example, with the increasing demand for home textile products, bamboo fiber has been applied to bedding, plant fiber mattresses, towels, etc. The potential demand for bamboo fiber mats in mattress field exceeds 6.5438+0 million tons; Bamboo fiber textile fabrics are positioned as high-end clothing fabrics in the market. It is estimated that the retail sales of high-end clothing in China will reach 252 billion yuan in 20021year. If the penetration rate of bamboo fiber in high-end clothing reaches 10%, it is estimated that the potential market scale of bamboo fiber clothing products will be close to 30 billion yuan in 2022.
Image source, look at the watermark
Papermaking field
The application products of bamboo fiber in papermaking field are mainly bamboo pulp paper. The main chemical components of bamboo include cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and the content of bamboo fiber reaches 40%. After lignin removal, the remaining bamboo fibers containing cellulose and hemicellulose have strong interweaving ability, high softness and high paper strength.
For the paper industry, wood is an excellent raw material for paper making. However, the forest coverage rate in China is far below the global average of 3 1%, and the per capita forest area is only 1/4 of the world average. Therefore, bamboo pulp papermaking is helpful to alleviate the contradiction of wood shortage in China's pulp and paper industry and protect the ecological environment. At the same time, with the improvement of bamboo pulp papermaking technology, it can also alleviate the pollution problem of traditional papermaking industry.
Bamboo pulp production in China is mainly distributed in Sichuan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Chongqing and other regions, and the bamboo pulp production in the four provinces accounts for more than 80% of the country. The production technology of bamboo pulp in China is becoming more and more mature, and the output of bamboo pulp is increasing. The data shows that the domestic bamboo pulp output in 2065438+2009 was 2.09 million tons. China Commercial Industry Research Institute predicts that the output of bamboo pulp in China will reach 2.44 million tons in 20021year and 2.62 million tons in 2022.
Image source, look at the watermark
At present, bamboo enterprises have successively launched a series of brands of bamboo pulp paper, such as "BABO" and "Mei Wei", so that consumers can gradually accept the process of changing household paper from "white" to "yellow".
Daily necessities field
Bamboo fiber tableware is a typical representative of bamboo fiber used in daily necessities. By modifying bamboo fiber and processing it with thermosetting plastics in a certain proportion, bamboo fiber reinforced thermosetting plastics have both advantages of bamboo and plastics, and have been widely used in the production of daily necessities such as tableware in recent years. China has developed into the largest producer and consumer of fiber tableware in the world.
At present, most bamboo fiber commodity enterprises are mainly concentrated in East China, such as Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, Guangxi and other provinces, especially Lishui, Quzhou and Anji in Zhejiang and Sanming and Nanping in Fujian. Bamboo fiber products industry has developed rapidly, and has begun to take shape, and is constantly developing towards branding and scale. However, bamboo fiber daily necessities still account for only a part of the daily necessities market, and there is still a long way to go in the future.
Bamboo fiber tableware
At present, many related enterprises are constantly expanding the application field of bamboo fiber downstream products, and producing various specifications of bamboo fiber products according to market demand, so that bamboo fiber can be applied not only in the traditional textile field, but also in the fields of automobile interior panels, mattresses, shoes, building materials, composite materials, environmental protection materials and so on. To realize "replacing cotton with bamboo, replacing plastic with bamboo and replacing glass with bamboo".