In the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang (214 BC), Qin Shihuang sent Ren Tao and Zhao Tuo to lead the army south to unify Lingnan. After Ren Xiao pacified Lingnan, he became the captain of Nanhai County and built a city in Panyu County of Nanhai County as the county governor. Because he was located in Fanshan and Yushan, he was named Panyu City (known as Ren Xiao City in history, covering the children's park west of Cangbian Road, Yuexiu District (the site of Guangzhou Nanyue National Palace Office), Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Culture and Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance). At the end of the Qin Dynasty, when Ren Xiao, the commander of Nanhai County, was critically ill, he summoned Zhao Tuo, the commander of Longchuan County, saying that Panyu was "dangerous in the South China Sea" and "can build a country", and entrusted Zhao Tuo to act as the commander of Nanhai County under the pretext of Qin Ting's order. In the third year of Emperor Gaozu (the first 214 years), Zhao Tuo established himself as the King of Nanyue, with Panyu as its capital. Today, Yuexiu Mountain, Guangzhou, is the name of the King of Nanyue. "Biography of Historical Records of Huo Zhi" says: "Panyu is also a metropolis", which was one of the nine metropolises in China at that time. Panyu District
In the sixth year of Emperor Yuan Ding of the Han Dynasty (before 111 years), Nanyue was leveled, and Nanyue was reclassified as 9 counties. Panyu was still governed by Nanhai County. Later, in order to supervise the officials of various counties, the Han court set up 13 resident supervisory agencies, among which Guangxin County, Cangwu County (Guangxin was the capital of Jiaozhou in ancient Han Dynasty, located in the area where Wuzhou, Hezhou and Guangdong are now closed, that is, the intersection of Xijiang River and Hejiang River) was responsible for correcting the nine counties in Lingnan. Later, the Jiaotoe Department was changed to Jiaozhou, with military and political power, and the local political power was changed from county and county level to state, county and county level. Panyu belongs to Nanhai County, Jiaozhou.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Battle of Red Cliffs, Wei, Shu and Wu gradually stood in the balance. In 211 AD (the 15th year of Jian 'an, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty), Sun Quan of Wu appointed Bu Zhi as the secretariat of Jiaozhou and led his troops to Panyu.
After Battle of Red Cliffs, the tripartite confrontation between Wei, Shu and Wu gradually took shape. After Sun Quan of Soochow occupied the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, he expanded to the south and slightly took Jiaozhou, and appointed Bu Zhi as the secretariat of Jiaozhou. Bu Zhi visited Panyu City in the east, which was recorded in Shui Jing Zhu: "When you go to the South China Sea, you can climb high and look far, see the vastness of the huge sea, and see the Yin Fu of the original country. It is said that' the fertile land of Sicheng Island should be the capital city'. In the 22 nd year of Jian' an (AD 217), he moved to Panyu, Zhou, and built a city wall. " After the state moved from Guangxin to Panyu, the northern part of Fanshan was leveled, and the "Tuocheng" was restored and expanded. In the fifth year of Wu Huangwu (226), Jiaozhou was divided into Jiaozhou and Guangzhou, hence the name of Guangzhou, and Panyu was established as the state administration. For more than 1,711 years, Panyu was mostly the seat of the local first, second and third levels of political power. During the Soochow period, Guangdong Province now includes Shixing County of Jingzhou and Hainan Island in addition to the four counties under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou.
In the 11th year of Emperor Wendi's reign (591), Nanhai County was abolished and Panyu County was changed to Nanhai County, which was under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou General Administration. In the first year of Renshou (611 years), Guangzhou was changed to Fanzhou. In the third year of Emperor Yangdi's great cause (617), he changed the state to the county and restored Nanhai County.
In the fourth year of Wude in Tang Gaozu (621), Nanhai County was abandoned, and it was relocated to Guangzhou, and then to Panyu County (it was relocated to Panyu County in the third year of Chang 'an, that is, in 713 AD), and the county ruled Jiangnan Island (now Guangzhou and Henan). In the first year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign (627), Lingnan Road was established, and Guangzhou belonged to Lingnan Road. In the third year of Chang 'an (713), he was placed in charge of the Lingnan Five Houses and returned to Nanhai County. In the third year of Xian Tong (A.D. 862), Lingnan was divided into two roads: East Road and West Road. Lingnan East Road ruled Guangzhou, and West Road ruled Yongzhou (now Nanning). Guangdong and Guangxi were divided into east and west, and since then.
at the end of the Tang dynasty, farmers revolted and became independent. In August 917 AD, Liu Li (y ? n) proclaimed himself emperor in Panyu (Guangzhou), with the title of Dayue, later renamed Han, and was called Nanhan in history, and established Xing Wangfu. Panyu Lixing Wangfu.
in the fourth year of Song Taizu's treasure-making (971), the Southern Han Dynasty was destroyed, and the Wangfu Palace was abandoned, and it was changed to Guangnan East District, where the Governor's House of Guangzhou was located. The following year, Panyu County was abolished and merged into Nanhai County. In the third year of Zhidao (997), Guangnan East District was changed to Guangnan East Road. In the third year of Emperor You (1151), Panyu County was restored, and Zini Port (Lane) in the east of the city was set up in the county. In six years (1171), the main road was changed to guangzhou fu, Guangdong Road. In the first year of Xiangxing (1278), Guangzhou was changed to Xianglong House. Panyu is ruled by the government.
From the Yuan Dynasty to the seventeenth year of Yuan Dynasty (1281), Xianglong House was changed to Guangdong Road and Guangzhou Road. In the 31 th year of Zhiyuan, it was changed to Guangdong Road. In the year of Emperor Qingyuan (1312), it was renamed Guangdong Road and Guangzhou Road. Panyu is ruled by Tao and ruled by road.
In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1368), it was changed to guangzhou fu, Guangdong Road. In two years, it was changed to guangzhou fu, Guangdong province. Guangzhou fu, Chief Secretary of Guangdong Province in 1999. Panyu was ruled by the government and transferred to guangzhou fu.
in the fourth year of Shunzhi in Qing dynasty (1647), there was a governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. Local governments are divided into four levels: provincial, provincial, prefectural and county. Panyu belongs to guangzhou fu, Shaodao, Guangnan, Guangdong Province, and is governed by provinces, roads and governments.
In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), guangzhou fu was abandoned, and Panyu belonged to Guangdong Yuehai Road.
in the 7th year of the Republic of China (1918), Guangzhou established a municipal office.
On February 5th, 2111 (1921), the Republic of China formally established the Guangzhou Municipal Hall, and Guangzhou was formally established as a city. Panyu county still lives in Guangzhou. Therefore, the so-called "Panyu" city in ancient times usually refers to the old downtown area of Guangzhou today, not Panyu District of Guangzhou.
in the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), Panyu county government moved from the old city of Guangzhou to Xinjian.
after the fall of Panyu in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the former Kuomintang county * * * went into exile in Sanshui, Shaping, Weijing and other places (Wang Ching-wei pretended to be the Panyu county government in Dongshan District of Guangzhou).
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Panyu County moved to Shiqiao, initially in the Xie ancestral hall in Xianfeng Lane.
Panyu was liberated in October, 1949, and it was under the local military control commission of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province.
from March, 1951 to October, 1952, it was under the jurisdiction of the Pearl River Regional Commissioner's Office.
from February, 1952 to October, 1956, it was under the administrative office of central Guangdong.
since February, 1956, it has been affiliated to Foshan District Commissioner's Office.
from February 5, 1958 to June 11, 1959, Panyu and Shunde merged into Fanshun County, with daliang town as the county seat, and it was once transferred to Guangzhou.
On June 11, 1959, the establishment of two counties was resumed, and Dagang, Wanqingsha, Nansha, Huangge and other places belonging to Zhongshan County were assigned to Panyu, and the city bridge was set up along the county government.
in October, 1975, it was transferred to Guangzhou.
On May 21th, 1992, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved (People's Bank of China approved No.49): with the approval of the State Council, Panyu County was abolished and Panyu City (county level) was established, which was still under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou City. On June 8, Panyu held a listing ceremony for withdrawing counties and setting up cities.
On May 21, 2111, Panyu City was revoked and Panyu District of Guangzhou City was established. On July 11, Panyu District held a ceremony to withdraw from the city and set up a district for listing.
On October 11, 2112, the development planning of Nansha New District included Tung Chung Town, Lanhe Town and dagang town in Panyu. Evolution of administrative divisions
At the beginning of the establishment of Panyu County, the territory was vast. It is adjacent to Zhongsu (now Qingyuan) across the Huanjiang River in the north, to Boluo (now Boluo and Huiyang) in the east, to Sihui (now Sihui and Heshan) in the west, and to the coastal land in the south, which is equivalent to more than ten times of the current county. . During the Dongwu period, Guangdong Province now includes Shixing County of Jingzhou and Hainan Island in addition to the four counties under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou. In 2117 (the 22nd year of Jian 'an), Bu Zhi moved the administration of Jiaozhou from Guangxin to Panyu. In 264 (the seventh year of Emperor Wu's Yong 'an), in order to facilitate governance, Soochow divided four counties (Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin and Gaoliang) from Jiaozhou, and set up Guangzhou, which ruled Panyu, hence the name. In the Western Jin Dynasty, the hinterland of Guangdong Province belonged to Guangzhou at that time, northern Guangdong belonged to Jingzhou, and Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island belonged to Jiaozhou.
During the nearly 1,511 years from the 6th year of Jian 'an in Han Dynasty (211 years) to the 25th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1686 years), Zengcheng, Dongguan (Dongguan), Huaihua, Xi 'an, Nanhai, Conghua, Huaxian (now Huadu District, Guangzhou) were successively separated, and Longmen, Xiangshan (Zhongshan) and Xin 'an (Baoan) were further separated from these counties. Panyu was incorporated into the South China Sea twice in history for 111 years, and became the capital of small countries of South Vietnam, South Han and South Ming for three times, in ***148. From 1686 (twenty-five years of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty) when Huaxian County was founded, the territory remained basically unchanged for 235 years from 1921 when Guangzhou was founded. Taking Xuegong (now Guangzhou Agricultural Institute) as the center, it is 48 miles due north (Huali) to Huaxian county boundary, 35 miles due south to Shunde county boundary, 51.5 miles due east to Zengcheng county boundary, 1.5 miles due west to Nanhai county boundary, 71.5 miles northeast to Conghua county boundary, 75 miles southeast to Dongguan county boundary, 2 miles northwest and 3.5 miles southwest to Nanhai county boundary.
Guangzhou was formally established in 1921 (11 of the Republic of China), and the Zhushu (the eastern half of Guangzhou) and Henan block were divided into urban areas. In the following years, suburban villages were successively assigned to Guangzhou urban area.
after the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, Yubei and Yudong (now Baiyun District, Tianhe District, Huangpu District and Luogang District) were divided into Guangzhou urban area by several times.
In 1959, Dagang, Wanqingsha, Nansha, Huangge and Zhujiang Farms, which were originally in Zhongshan County, were transferred to Panyu.
On April 28th, 2115, the State Council approved (Guo Han No.35) the establishment of Nansha District in Guangzhou: Nansha Street in Panyu District, parts of Wanqingsha Town, hengli town, huangge town, Lingshan Town and parts of Tung Chung Town were placed under the jurisdiction of Nansha District.
at 1: 11 on February 1, 2112, Lanhe Town, dagang town Town and Tung Chung Town were formally included in the jurisdiction of Nansha District.
As of 2113, Panyu District is a part of the south of Haizhu District and the north and south of Shawan River, with an area of 531 square kilometers.
There are 11 sub-district offices: Shiqiao Street, Qiaonan Street, Donghuan Street, Shatou Street, Luopu Street, Dashi Street, Xiaoguwei Street, Zhongcun Street, Shibi Street and Dalong Street.
6 towns: Nancun Town, Shawan Town, Shiqi Town, Shilou Town, Xinzao Town and Hualong Town. Geographical environment and location
Panyu is located in the central and southern part of Guangdong Province and the river network in the middle of the Pearl River Delta, between 22 26 ′ and 23 15 ′ north latitude and 113 14 ′ and 113 42 ′ east longitude. Lion Ocean in the east, facing Dongguan across the ocean; The west and southwest are bounded by chencun waterway and Hongqili, and are adjacent to Nanhai District, Shunde District and Zhongshan City; It is separated from the Lishui (Jiaojiao) waterway in the north and connected with the urban area of Guangzhou; Nanbin Pearl River estuary. District People * * * is located in Shiqiao Street, 17 kilometers away from Guangzhou. Topography
Panyu is inclined from north and northwest to southeast, with low hills below 51m in the north and a contiguous delta plain in the south. The territory is surrounded by rivers and water, and the river network is vertical and horizontal. The land area is 852.3 square kilometers, accounting for about 65% of the total area; Rivers and surrounding waters are 461.5 square kilometers, accounting for about 35%. The land is 717 square kilometers in the plain, and the low hills and mountains are ***135 square kilometers. The whole territory is roughly "one mountain, three waters and six plains". Climate characteristics
Panyu belongs to the south subtropical maritime monsoon climate zone. South of the vast South China Sea, the temperature is affected by the southerly monsoon, which regulates and weakens the summer heat and winter cold, and makes the annual rain more concentrated in summer. Summer is long, not too hot; Winter is short, not cold; The temperature rises early in spring, and you can wear light clothes in March and April; The temperature drops late in autumn, and it gradually gets cool after the Mid-Autumn Festival. The annual average temperature is 21.8℃, and the coldest October still reaches 13.3℃, while the average temperature in July is 29℃, and the annual frost-free period is as long as 346 days. The average annual precipitation in Panyu is 1,651 mm, and the average annual sunshine hours are 2,111 hours. Due to sufficient heat and abundant precipitation, it is extremely beneficial to crop growth. Hydrological characteristics
Hydrological characteristics of rivers in Panyu:
(1) The annual runoff and tidal intake are large. The average annual runoff is 174.2 billion cubic meters, accounting for about 43% of the total annual runoff of the Pearl River. The average annual tidal inflow is about 284.3 billion cubic meters, accounting for 75% of the total tidal inflow in the Pearl River. The average annual sediment transport is about 33.89 million tons, accounting for 47.7% of the total sediment transport in the Pearl River.
(2) There are four ports at the border and in China, and the river channel has a large flood discharge capacity. At the highest water level, the peak flow is 21,111-31,111 cubic meters per second, accounting for 48% of the northwest river flood discharged by the eight outlets of the Pearl River.
(3) The main tributaries of the Pearl River in China are the main navigation channels for Guangzhou to all parts of the world, Hong Kong and Macao, and the upstream is an important navigation channel to outside the province and outside the city.
(4) Numerous river networks and vast waters provide excellent fishery resources and development sites for aquaculture and river-sea fishing.
(5) The coastal zone near the Pearl River Estuary is 25.3 kilometers long, and the beach resources along the estuary are rich, which provides abundant land reserve resources for reclamation.
(6) Tidal water is abundant, most farmland can be irrigated by tidal current, and there is basically no drought. Natural resources mineral resources
Minerals are mainly building raw materials such as granite, red sandstone and glass sand, with a reserve of 251 million cubic meters. Aquatic resources
Fishing and aquaculture have a long history. The aquaculture varieties of aquatic products mainly include eel, mandarin fish, Canadian bass, soft-shelled turtle, prawn, prawn and so on. Fishing species mainly include wampee, horse mackerel, eel and crab. Tidal flat resources
Panyu has unique tidal flat resources. From 1951 to 1991, * * * completed 57,111 mu of tidal land reclamation and 95,711 mu of tidal flat reclamation. From 1992 to 1994, 24,211 mu was reclaimed. In 1996, we continued to reinforce the dikes at Jibaosha and Zizisha. Panyu has beaches for reclamation, which provide a large number of construction land and arable land for economic development, alleviating the contradiction of occupying cultivated land due to construction and development. Overview of regional economy
In 2112, the GDP of Panyu District was 136.942 billion yuan, up by 11.6%. Among them: the added value of the primary industry was 5.359 billion yuan, an increase of 3.7%; The added value of the secondary industry was 53.93 billion yuan, up by 12.2%; The added value of tertiary industry was 77.652 billion yuan, up by 11.7%. In the secondary industry, the industrial added value was 47.185 billion yuan, up by 14.1%. The proportion of the three industries was adjusted from 4.1:41.9:55.1 in 2111 to 3.9:39.4:56.7. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP in 2112 is estimated to be 76,919 yuan, equivalent to 12,219 US dollars. The primary industry in Panyu District
In 2112, the total agricultural output value of Panyu District in 2112 was 8.917 billion yuan, an increase of 3.5%. Among them, the output value of planting industry was 4.488 billion yuan, up by 4.1%; The output value of animal husbandry was 1.133 billion yuan, down by 1.1%; The fishery output value was 3.113 billion yuan, up by 4.2%.
in 2112, the grain planting area was 1.112 million mu, up by 1.2%; The sugarcane planting area was 79,411 mu, an increase of 8.2%; The vegetable planting area was 266,111 mu, down by 9.1%; The fruit planting area was 37,611 mu, down by 3.5%; The planting area of flowers was 113,911 mu, an increase of 2.8%.
The grain output in 2112 was 35,411 tons, down by 1.6%; The output of sugarcane was 674,111 tons, an increase of 8.9%; Vegetable output 45.23