1. What is the oldest building in Shantou?

The original Shenxin Shantang "Shuilong Bureau" was located opposite to the No.1 Squadron of Jinping Fire Department on the road outside the city. It was built in 1927 with funds raised by overseas Chinese at home and abroad, and was completed and put into use in 1929. The "Water Dragon Bureau" was a non-governmental organization at that time, and it had the first fire truck in Shantou's history. At that time, the building was three stories high and was a "high-rise building" in the old Shantou city. There was a lookout in the building, and full-time staff were on duty 24 hours a day to judge where the fire broke out by observing the color and shape of the smoke over the city. When a fire broke out in the urban area, the duty officer rang the big bronze bell on the third floor, and the firemen living in the back floor immediately dispatched to put out the fire after hearing the bell. In 1951, "Shuilong Bureau" was taken over by the new China * * * and Shantou People's Fire Brigade was established. The original site of "Shuilong Bureau" became the team site of the fire brigade, which lasted until Shantou Fire Brigade moved to Daxue Road in 194.

Now, after more than a year, the Shuilong Bureau, which has long been a dangerous building, has been restored according to its original appearance, reappearing the appearance of more than half a century ago. A large number of historical photos and old things of the former Shuilong Bureau are stored in the building, which has welcomed a large number of citizens to visit and added a "fossil" reflecting the historical changes of Shantou's fire control. 2. What is the oldest building in Shantou?

The original Shenxin Shantang "Shuilong Bureau" is located opposite to the No.1 Squadron of Jinping Fire Department on the road outside the city. It was built in 1927 with funds raised by overseas Chinese at home and abroad, and was completed and put into use in 1929.

The "Water Dragon Bureau" was a non-governmental organization at that time, and it had the first fire truck in Shantou's history. At that time, the building was three stories high and was a "high-rise building" in the old Shantou city. The building was specially equipped with a lookout, and full-time personnel were on duty 24 hours a day to judge where the fire broke out by observing the color and shape of the smoke over the city. When a fire broke out in the urban area, the duty officer rang the big bronze bell on the third floor, and the firemen living in the back floor immediately dispatched to put out the fire after hearing the bell.

In 1951, the "Shuilong Bureau" was taken over by the new China * * * and the Shantou People's Fire Brigade was established. The original site of the "Shuilong Bureau" became the team site of the fire brigade, which lasted until the Shantou Fire Brigade moved to Daxue Road in 1994. Now, the Shuilong Bureau, which has long been a dangerous building, has been restored according to its original appearance after more than a year, reappearing the appearance of more than half a century ago. A large number of historical photos and old objects of the former Shuilong Bureau are stored in the building, which has welcomed a large number of citizens to visit and added a "fossil" to Shantou to reflect the historical changes of Shantou's fire protection. 3. What's the history and culture in Shantou?

I'm from Shanwei, which is very close to Shantou. English: Shantou, once called Swatow.

Shantou is located in the east of Guangdong province, at the southern tip of Hanjiang River Delta, bordering Raoping County of Chaozhou City in the northeast, Chaoan County of Chaozhou City in the north, Puning City of Jieyang City in the west, Huilai County of Jieyang City in the southwest and the South China Sea in the southeast.

the whole territory is located between 116 14' and 117 19' east longitude and 23 12' and 23 38' north latitude, and the urban area is 187 nautical miles from Hongkong and 181 nautical miles from Kaohsiung, Taiwan Province. It has always been an important transportation hub, import and export shore and commodity distribution center in eastern Guangdong, southern Jiangxi and southwestern Fujian, and is known as the "gateway to South China".

Shantou used to be a fishing village on the seashore of Jieyang (later living in Chenghai). In the Yuan Dynasty, a large fishing village was formed in the present Guanghuabu area, which was called "Xialing". By the ninth year of Jiajing (AD 1531), sand ridges had been formed from the area around Laoma Palace on Waima Road to Qilu, which was called "sand hill". In the third year of Wanli (1575), sand ridges accumulated into pieces and were called "Shashanping". In the fifty-sixth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1717), a fort and a smoke pier were built in the present Shantou Sub-branch of the People's Bank of Waima Road, which was called "Shashantou". Later, Qing * * * set up a station here to collect salt tax, which was called "Shantou" for short. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1819), it was called "Shashantou Port" because more and more merchant ships docked. Before the opening of the port, the "Zhangchao Guild Hall" had been established, and commercial activities were increasingly active, with the prototype of a commercial port. After Shantou's opening, opium and foreign commodities were continuously imported, and a large number of "piglets" (contract Chinese laborers) were continuously transported to colonies of various countries as coolies. Britain, Germany, France, Norway, the United States, Japan and other countries successively set up consulates to carry out economic, cultural and military aggression.

Shantou is named the sand ridge formed by sediment accumulation in Yu Haibin. Due to the continuous alluvial sediment in the coastal area of Hanjiang River and the action of tidal waves, a natural sand dike is formed in the old urban area of Shantou today, which is called "Shantou" and called "Shantou" at the beginning. Shantou is also known as Tuo Island. Tiao is a small, round and spotted fish, which belongs to a kind of shark and is called shark Tiao. Shantou city is located on the side of Tuoji River, surrounded by water on three sides, and was once a peninsula in history. In the past, the bay was rich in sharks, so it was called "Tuo Island".

port opening-Shantou has a history of more than 1.31 years. It used to be a rough bay, but it was only because of the alluvial sediment carried by Hanjiang River in recent hundreds of years that it floated from the bottom of friends' sea. In the Yuan Dynasty, a large fishing village was initially formed in the present Guanghuabu area, which was called "Xialing" in the second year of Ming Hongwu (1369), and Pengzhou Royal Thousand Households were set up here. In the third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1575), the sand ridges at the mouth of Hanjiang River had accumulated into pieces, which were called "Shaxianping". In the fifty-sixth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (AD 1717), a smoke pier and a battery were built here, which was called "Shaxiantou". From Yongzheng (AD 1731) to Qianlong, more and more people moved here to live. In addition to fishing and farming, they also used seawater to dry salt, and salt vendors from all over the world often came here to sell salt. Qing * * * set up a station here to collect salt tax. Shantou for short. Shantou also has "Tuo Island". Later, with the increasing frequency of merchant ships in the past, in the twenty-first year of Qianlong (AD 1756), the Qing Dynasty set up a "regular customs" in Fangjishan (now Mayu Island) to collect customs duties on north-south commercial transportation, which was the earliest customs established in Shantou.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China-in October, 1949, after the founding of New China, the system was reorganized and the Chaoshan area was established; In October 1953, it merged with Huiyang and Xingmei areas to form the administrative office of Guangdong; In February, 1956, it was called Shantou area together with Xingge. In February, 1965, Xingmei set up an independent area, and Shantou and its counties were called Shantou area. After several changes. However, Shantou City is the seat of local or regional party and government organs. In October, 1981, a piece of land was set aside in Shantou City to establish Shantou Special Economic Zone. In July, 1983, the city merged and established the system of city leading counties, which governed Chenghai, Nan 'ao, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Jiexi, Puning, Huilai, Raoping and Chaozhou. In October, 1989, Chaozhou was designated as a provincial city. On April 6, 1991, the State Council approved the expansion of Shantou Special Economic Zone to the whole city of Shantou, covering an area of 234 square kilometers, and it is scheduled to be officially implemented on October 1, 1991. In February, 1991, the State Council decided to adjust the administrative divisions of Chaoshan area and set up three prefecture-level cities: Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang. In April 1993, the State Council approved Chaoyang to withdraw from the county and set up a city (county level); In April 1994, the State Liao approved Chenghai to withdraw from the county and set up a city (county level); In the same month, the State Council approved Heqing Town of Chaoyang City to be transferred to Shantou City and set up Hepu District (county level). So far, Shantou City has jurisdiction over five county-level districts, namely Longhu, Jinyuan, Shengping, Dahao and Hepu, and Nan 'ao County, and is in charge of Chaoyang City and Chenghai City.

Shantou jinping district was approved by the State Council in March, 2113, and was formed by the former Shengping District, Jinyuan District, Xunhui Neighborhood Committee of Xianshi Street in Dahao District and the area north of Longxi Road in longhu district.

Review of the centennial events 4. Urgently seek a historical paper on Shantou (more than 811 words)

Analysis of the history, present situation and development countermeasures of Shantou arcade, as a rising architectural form in modern Lingnan, embodies the main characteristics of modern Lingnan architecture, such as overhead, open, arcade, patio and flower window, and is an important carrier reflecting modern Lingnan architectural culture.

Shantou arcade is an important representative, a historical witness to Shantou's "century-old commercial port" and a city postcard with Shantou characteristics. First, the historical trace of Shantou's arcade "arcade street is one of the representative buildings and urban landscapes with Shantou characteristics. It is the result of the blending of Chinese and Western cultures and an important witness to Shantou's modern history.

Shantou arcade commercial street is the basic component of Shantou's history and culture, and the regional cultural connotation contained in the traditional arcade commercial street makes Shantou's century-old commercial port full of vitality. The formation and characteristics of Shantou arcade architecture has a long history in China, which can be traced back to the "city" corridor and "square" corridor for commodity trading in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and it is also related to the earlier dry-column architecture.

foreign arcades were first seen in ancient Greece. In the second half of the 6th century, arcade buildings were also widely distributed in Mediterranean coastal cities in southern Europe. "

The arcades in the southern coastal cities of China are divided into Fujian School and Guangdong School. Influenced by local traditional wood carvings, the facade of Fujian-style arcade is covered with reliefs. The decoration of Yuepai arcade is relatively simple, close to the European style.

Shantou is just between Fujian and Guangdong geographically, so the arcade style of Shantou Old Street is just between the two. Shantou's arcade is unique and has its own characteristics.

Chaoshan people call this unique building that combines Chinese and western styles "FiveFootway". The word "five-legged masonry" comes from Malay Kaki Lima, where Lima is the numeral "5" and Kaki is the quantifier "foot".

the architectural structure of Shantou arcade is very unique: the tracery of each building is different, that is, the tracery of each floor is different in the same building, and some of them look the same even on the same floor, but in fact, the patterns inside are different. The same is true of arcade columns, which are often antique Greek Ionian columns at the bottom and mixed columns imitating Doric or square at the second and third floors.

This will increase the facade effect of the arcade, form a natural transition and avoid visual repetition. In the process of development, Shantou arcade has gradually formed a group of arcades with a certain scale, and its typical representative is the arcade in a small park.

Shantou arcade has its unique historical origin. After the signing of treaty of nanking, it was developed into a foreign trade port "Shantou Port" in 1861, and imported advanced western technology and foreign capital. As an unprecedented commercial port, Shantou, the traditional shops no longer meet the needs of the expanding scale of commercial activities, and want to seek a new space for commercial activities; According to the characteristics of hot and rainy subtropical climate in Shantou, China craftsmen have created masterpieces of Chinese and foreign architecture on the basis of traditional architecture and the technology and form of western "foreign buildings", and gradually developed into Shantou's unique and excellent urban characteristics-arcade building with one street, two sides and overhead ground floor.

It can be said that the radial arcade group with the small park as the center is the historical witness of Shantou's "century-old commercial port". Small park area is the birthplace of Shantou. Its unique Lingnan architectural style, street features and rich commercial atmosphere are the embodiment of Shantou's personality charm as a "century-old commercial port" and an important local cultural heritage of Shantou.

The arcades in the old streets around the small park are the most representative, and they are a combination of Chinese and Western. These arcade groups, the architectural art of combining Chinese and western styles, the overhead and dotted commodity outlets along the street and the circular and radial road network pattern fully demonstrate the humanistic and historical features of Shantou as a "century-old commercial port".

The arcade group around the small park in Shantou is the first person to witness the development of "a century-old commercial port". At that time, Shantou opened its port in Qing dynasty, where the economy was prosperous and trade from all sides was gathered; Many cultures collided and exchanged here, and the culture spread widely.

However, due to the lapse of time and improper protection, many arcades have collapsed and the rest have become dangerous buildings. However, many residents still live here and are reluctant to move.

The administrative departments of Shantou City also attach great importance to this issue, but there is no specific plan for the demolition or reconstruction of the arcade. The municipal departments in Shantou are also very concerned about the development of arcades around Shantou Small Park. In 2114, the plan of "Small Park Historic Architecture Protection Area Planning" was put forward, but it was not really implemented.

second, the status quo of Shantou arcade: Roman columns with Greek mule spirals, carved windows and eaves in straight-high, baroque, Byzantine and Rococo styles, although they are no longer as glamorous as they were in the past, they can still be vaguely distinguished today. Whether it is the earth and the sun with traditional significance in China, or the abstract flowers, waves and clouds with western characteristics, none of them are exquisitely carved and lifelike.

even after a hundred years of wind and rain, its brushstrokes are still so clearly visible that we can see how meticulous the craftsmanship was that day. The signs on the riding building are still eye-catching. However, people have already gone to the building, leaving only signs, which seems to be telling people about the prosperity of the past.

From Shengping Road to the intersection of Waima Road and minzu road, it feels like two eras, like crossing time and space, and all of a sudden, only one road is needed, and the journey from the beginning of the last century to the beginning of the next century is completed. Here, Fang Qiongying (1987-), a female from Jieyang, Guangdong, belongs to that era. She is an undergraduate of 2117 in the School of History and Culture of South China Normal University.

Guangzhou, Guangdong 511631. Analysis on the history, present situation and development countermeasures of Shantou arcade □ Fang Qiongying [Abstract] Shantou arcade is a wonderful flower in Lingnan architecture and the "first person" who witnessed the opening of Shantou port.

However, the Shantou arcade, which has been eroded by historical years, is now tottering, with serious collapse and destruction. Studying the present situation of the arcade on the hill and analyzing the reasons for the extinction of ancient buildings are helpful to the development and protection of Shantou.

[Keywords:] Shantou arcade history development countermeasures Literature and culture 156 "Inheritance" No.6, 2111, the busy story has already gradually become people's memories with the passage of time, or even more sadly, after it lost its prosperity irrevocably, when the body it left gradually disappeared, the thick historical and cultural connotation it carried will also disappear with the wind, and it will be forgotten by people and eventually forgotten. The transformation of Shantou's old city has been going on for nearly 21 years. 5. What are the forms of folk architecture in Shantou?

Shantou architecture, from traditional architecture, modern architecture with both Chinese and Western elements to modern architecture with distinctive features, has formed various architectural styles and cultural connotations, covering classic buildings such as traditional houses, temples, pavilions and pavilions, including arcade halls, church consulates, school gardens and other fine buildings combining Chinese and Western elements since the opening of Shantou, as well as modern urban architecture since the reform and opening up.

traditional architecture is characterized by ancient dwellings. The ancient houses originated from the ancient style of the Central Plains and attracted the northern style. Combined with the local environment and astronomical phenomena, the improved pokeberry root-style, four-point gold-style, and four-horse trailer-style villages of quadrangles were creatively designed and built. It is not only typhoon-resistant, but also earthquake-resistant, beautiful and durable. Pokeberry root style is an exclusive small courtyard style, which is suitable for small and medium-sized families. It consists of a hall, two large rooms, two small rooms, a patio, a gatehouse, etc. It is a set of living conditions.