I. Customs and Etiquette of Eastern Countries . Japan Japan is almost exclusively a Yamato nation. The inhabitants mainly follow Shintoism and Buddhism, with a few practicing Christianity and Catholicism. Japan still retains a strong China's Tang Dynasty etiquette and customs.
Japan is a country that emphasizes etiquette. In daily life, all greet each other, take off their hats and bow to show sincerity and relatability. When meeting for the first time, bow 90 degrees to each other without necessarily shaking hands. If it is an old friend or more familiar people take the initiative to shake hands, or even embrace. When meeting a female guest, the female party takes the initiative to reach out before shaking hands. If you need to talk, you should go to the lounge or room to talk. Japanese people generally do not use cigarettes to treat guests, if the guest wants to smoke, you have to ask the host's permission first.
Japanese people pay attention to dress, usually dressed in generous and neat. On formal occasions, they usually wear dresses, and most men wear sets of dark-colored suits, while women wear kimonos. In hot weather, they do not undress casually, and if they need to undress, they have to ask their hosts for permission first. On general occasions, it is considered rude to wear only an undershirt or go barefoot.
In Japan, the term "mister" is only used to address teachers, doctors, older people, superiors, or those who have made a special contribution, and it is embarrassing to address ordinary people as "mister".
Talking to Japanese people about the tea ceremony is very popular. Tea ceremony, is the Japanese people used to cultivate the mind, socializing and unique tea, tea tasting noble skills, is a kind of etiquette, cultivate the sentiment of folk customs.
They don't put the tea leaves directly into the cup, but into a small, delicate teapot. When pouring, a small strainer is used to prevent the tea leaves from entering the cup. And always half a cup as a toast, usually no longer refill the tea. This often makes Chinese people who are used to drinking large cups of tea always find it difficult to quench their thirst.
Whether at home or in a restaurant, there is a hierarchy of seating, and generally follow the host's arrangements. Japanese businessmen attach great importance to the establishment of long-term partnerships. They pay close attention to preserving the face of the other party in business negotiations and expect the other party to do the same.
Giving gifts is very much about class or rank, so don't give them gifts that are too expensive, so that they don't mistakenly think you're higher than they are for that reason.
Tipping is not very popular in Japan, so if you are not sure, don't give. Tipping puts the money in an envelope or wrapped in tissue paper, and the Japanese consider it embarrassing to receive cash money.
Japanese people do not like purple, think it is a sad color, the most taboo green, think it is ominous; taboo lotus pattern, think it is a demon flower; taboo "9", "4" and other numbers. When giving gifts, do not give gifts with the number "9", because the pronunciation of "9" in Japanese is the same as "bitter". The pronunciation of "4" is the same as "death", so when arranging for food and lodging, avoid the 4th floor, 4th room, 4th table and so on. Japanese businessmen also avoid "February" and "August" because they are the off-season for business. In addition, they hate cats with gold and silver eyes, and believe that people who see such cats will have bad luck.
The Japanese are very interested in Chinese Shaoxing wine and Moutai wine. They don't eat loose eggs. Chopsticks are put on the chopstick rests, and there is the "eight chopsticks taboo". There is also the custom of "avoiding eight chopsticks", that is, not to lick the chopsticks, lose the chopsticks, move the chopsticks, twist the chopsticks, pick the chopsticks, insert the chopsticks, cross the chopsticks, and pull out the chopsticks. It is also forbidden to use the same pair of chopsticks for everyone to take food in turn, or to stick them vertically in the rice.
Giving a piece of calligraphy or a beautiful seal to a Japanese person is welcome. We Chinese like to carve the edges of our seals in a broken shape to show that they are old and strong. If you give it to a Japanese friend in this way, the person will not be happy, they think this incompleteness is unlucky.
. South Korea South Korea is a single ethnic Korean, Buddhists accounted for 1 / 3 of the country's population.
South Koreans are polite, hospitality and warmth. When meeting, guests are usually entertained with coffee, non-alcoholic beverages or barley tea, sometimes with a moderate amount of sugar and light milk. These refreshments guests must accept.
Koreans often exchange business cards when they first meet. Many Koreans have developed the habit of giving their last name and using it in conjunction with "Mr." and other honorifics. More than half of South Korea's residents surnamed Kim, Lee, Park. Korean business negotiations are often held in hotel cafes or similar places in the neighborhood. Most offices have a set of comfortable furniture for meeting guests, and it is vital to behave in a polite manner before establishing a close working relationship. Koreans emphasize dress, with men wearing suits and ties.
If you are invited to a Korean home, it is customary to bring a bouquet of flowers or a small gift and offer it with both hands. Do not open the gift in front of the giver. When you go inside, take off your shoes and leave them at the door.
Korea's lunar holidays are similar to those in China, including the Spring Festival, Ching Ming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.
Koreans take rice as their staple food, and are used to eating rice for breakfast, not porridge. Also like to eat chili, kimchi, eat barbecue with chili, pepper, garlic and other spicy seasonings. Soup is essential for every meal, sometimes put pork, beef, dog meat, chicken boiled in soup, sometimes also simply pour some soy sauce, add some bean sprouts. Koreans also have a strong aversion to talking while eating.
Koreans don't show their feelings easily and don't laugh or talk loudly in public **** places. Especially women also use handkerchiefs to cover their mouths when they laugh, to prevent them from making rude noises. In Korea, women respect men so much that when they meet, women always bow and greet men first. When men and women are seated together, it is often the case that the man is in the upper seat and the woman in the lower seat.
Koreans have a strong aversion to the "4". The numbering of many buildings is strictly avoided; hospitals and the military are never numbered with a "4". Koreans drink tea or wine, the host is always 1, 3, 5, 7 of the number of units to toast, tea, cloth dishes, and taboo force with double digits to stop the cup.
. Singapore Singapore's total population of Chinese accounted for 76.9%. The Chinese mostly practice Buddhism, Malay is the national language, English, Mandarin as the official language.
Singaporeans are very polite and courteous, the quality of service is very high. Singaporean Chinese are similar to our country in terms of etiquette and have retained ancient Chinese traditions, such as bowing to each other when two people meet. The usual meeting etiquette is bowing and shaking hands. People of Indian origin still maintain Indian etiquette and customs, with women lighting sandalwood red dots on their foreheads. Men wear white sashes and greet each other with folded hands. People of Malay and Pakistani origin follow Islamic etiquette.
Chinese Singaporeans practice Buddhism and are very religious. They like to chant indoors and are not to be disturbed while chanting.
Spitting and littering are punishable by law in Singapore.
. ThailandThere are more than 3 million ethnic Chinese Thais in Thailand and Buddhism is the state religion.
The Thai people's treatment of people, there are many agreed rules. When friends meet, they put their hands together and greet each other. The younger generation to the elders salute, hands together raised over the forehead, the elders should also be together to return the salute. When older or higher status people return the salute, the hands do not have to be higher than the chest. When performing the Hosannas, the higher one's hands are raised, the more one honors the elders. The higher the hands are raised, the higher the level of respect. Thai people also bow down, but only on certain occasions, when commoners and dignitaries pay respect to the King and the King's close relatives. The King kneels when he meets a senior monk. When a son becomes a monk, his parents also kneel down. It is impolite behavior to throw things at others. It is polite to bow slightly when walking past seated people.
The Thai people attach great importance to the head, which is considered sacrosanct. It is considered a great insult to touch a Thai's head with your hand. If you hit a child's head with your hand, it is believed that the child will definitely get sick; sleeping with the head facing west is taboo, because sunset in the west symbolizes death. Signing one's name with a red pen is taboo, as it is the red pen that is used to write one's last name on the coffin after death. Feet are considered lowly, and it is taboo to put one's feet in front of other people, or to kick things to others, otherwise it is all rude. It is taboo to kick the door with your feet, otherwise you will be blamed by people. When sitting, it is most taboo to cross your legs. Turning the soles of your shoes towards others is considered to be stepping on them, which is an insulting gesture; when women are seated, they should keep their legs close together, otherwise they will be considered uneducated. Don't step on the threshold in front of the Thai people, who believe that there is a deity living under the threshold. In Thailand, men and women still abide by the precept of ordination, so men and women should not get too close. Like red, yellow, taboo brown.
It is customary to use colors to indicate the day of the week. For example, red is Sunday, fuchsia is Saturday, light blue is Friday, orange is Thursday, green is Wednesday, pink is Tuesday, yellow is Monday.
. Indonesia Indonesia is known as the "country of a thousand islands", 89% of the residents believe in Islam, the rest believe in Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, etc.
Indonesia is a country of thousands of islands.
Indonesians exchange business cards when they first meet. As most of them practise Islam, they use their right hand instead of their left hand, or both hands, when they take something to someone or to someone else. The left hand is to take "unclean" things. They rarely drink hard liquor.
Indonesians love to have guests in their homes and are always welcome to visit at any time of the day. When you see a cute-looking child in an Indonesian home, do not touch the child's head; if you do, the child will definitely turn against you.
It is illegal to sunbathe in the nude in Indonesia, and conversations with them should avoid topics such as politics and religion.
Take off your sunglasses when you talk to people or enter their homes. Bring gifts with you when you visit Indonesian businessmen; accepting a gift means taking on some kind of responsibility. If the Indonesian home you are visiting is carpeted, remove your shoes before entering the house. Always take off your shoes when entering a holy place, especially a mosque.
When visiting a temple or mosque, you should not wear shorts, sleeveless clothing, tank tops or bare clothing. Always take off your shoes when entering any sacred place. In Bali, you must wear a belt around your waist to enter a temple.
Indonesians love to eat rice and Chinese food, and usually eat western food for breakfast, and love to drink black tea, wine, champagne, soft drinks and so on. The side dishes are meat and offal such as beef, lamb, fish and chicken.
Indonesians taboo whistling at night, that it will attract wandering ghosts and beaten.
Most Indonesians follow Islam, so it is not acceptable to take things to them with your left hand. It is taboo to eat pork food, avoid drinking strong alcohol, do not like to eat sea cucumbers, and do not eat dishes with bones and juice and fish maw, etc..
. India India residents mostly practicing Hinduism, followed by Islam, Christianity, Sikhism. In India, the moon is a symbol of all good things.
Indians should hand English business cards when meeting each other, and English is the business language of India. When the host and the guest meet, they should greet each other with their hands folded in front of their chests. The mouth recites: "Namasduu" (Sanskrit: "nodding to you", which now indicates greetings or blessings). The younger generation bends down and touches the feet of the elders while performing the salutation to show their respect for them. Men are not allowed to shake hands with women. Many housewives shy away from meeting strange men and do not readily make contact with outsiders. However, if men are invited to a real social event, they should be asked to come with their wives. Men and women in ordinary relationships are not allowed to talk alone.
Indians are shaking their heads in agreement and nodding their heads in disagreement. People use their hands to scratch their ears to indicate self-reproach; summoning someone is done by swinging the palm of the hand downward with the fingers, but not with just one finger; and when pointing at someone, the whole palm is used, not one or two fingers.
To be a guest in an Indian temple or home, one must take off one's shoes when entering the door. When welcoming guests, the host often offer a garland of flowers, set on the neck of the guest. The size and length of the garland depends on the status of the guest. The wreaths for VIPs are thick and long, reaching above the knees. For general guests, the wreath only reaches the chest. When a wife sends her husband away from home, the highest courtesy is to touch her heels and kiss her feet. When visiting an Indian home, you may bring fruit and sweets as gifts, or give some gifts to the host's children.
Food, gifts and tea are taken with the right hand, not the left or both. When dining, it is most taboo for Hindus to take food from the same container. Nor do they eat food that has been touched by others, and even tea cups that have been washed by others are washed again by themselves before using them.
Like to eat separate meals, focusing on dishes crispy, general taste is not like too salty, prefer spicy. The staple food is mainly rice, and is also interested in cakes in pasta. Does not eat mushrooms, bamboo shoots or fungus. People who believe in Hinduism and Sikhism abstain from eating pork, beef. They generally do not drink alcohol, because it is against religious customs. But have the habit of drinking tea, the way is "lick drink", that is, the milk tea in the plate, licked with the tongue to drink. Indians least like to eat meat, eat vegetarian people more, the higher the rank, eat meat less. Prefer Chinese Cantonese and Su cuisine.
Taboo white, accustomed to using lilies as mourning goods. They taboo curved moon pattern, as 1, 3, 7 for inauspicious numbers, and the Indian people talk, to avoid about religious conflicts, and Pakistan's relations, wages, and the topic of gender relations.
India is sacred to the cow, taboo eating beef, taboo with cowhide products. Snakes are worshipped and killing them is seen as offending the gods. It is taboo to use the bath tub to give children a bath, think it is "stagnant water", is inhumane behavior.
Two. Western custom etiquette
. More than 80% of the U.S. population is descended from European immigrants, with about 1 million people of Chinese descent. 50% of the population is Christian and Catholic, while the rest are Jewish and Orthodox.
Americans are generally cheerful, sociable and informal. The first meeting is not necessarily a handshake, sometimes just smile, say a "Hi" or "Hello" even if polite. Handshake when the customary grip tight, eyes should be looking at each other, slightly bowed, that this is considered polite behavior. General with the woman shaking hands with Americans like to be gentle. In the farewell time, but also just to everyone waved or said "goodbye", "see you tomorrow". But if others salute them, they also use the appropriate etiquette, such as shaking hands, nodding, embracing, saluting and so on. In the United States if a guest visits at night, the host receives the guest in pajamas is considered impolite behavior; when invited to an old friend's home as a guest, you should prepare a small gift; in a friend's home as a guest, long-distance phone calls should be made with the host's consent, and when you leave, you should leave the phone bill.
In the United States, if you want to pay a visit, you must first call to make an appointment; business cards are generally not given to others, but only when the two sides want to keep in touch; when you want to smoke in front of the Americans, you must ask the other party whether they mind, and you can not do whatever you want.
Generally happy to entertain guests in their own homes, and not accustomed to treating guests in restaurants. Do not like steamed and braised dishes. Do not like too hot and too hot dishes, like less salt flavor, taste avoid salty, slightly to the sweet for good. Like to drink Coca-Cola, beer, ice water, mineral water, whiskey, brandy and so on. Don't like people to have leftover food in their plates, think it is impolite. Loves Chinese Soviet, Szechuan and Cantonese cuisine.
Intimate love white, think white is a symbol of purity; favor yellow, think it is a symbol of harmony; like blue and red, think it is a symbol of good luck. They love white cats, which they believe can bring luck.
Americans have an aversion to looking elsewhere when shaking hands. It is considered a sign of arrogance and impoliteness. It is taboo to give perfume, clothing and make-up to women. American women are in the habit of wearing make-up, so they do not welcome the gift of scented wipes to wipe their faces.
In the United States, never call black people "Negro", it is better to use the word "Black", black people will be open to this name. Because Negro mainly refers to the black people who were trafficked from Africa to the United States as slaves. This is true for talking to whites, but it is even more true for talking to blacks. Otherwise, the Negro will feel the contempt.
Jealous of people sticking out their tongues at him. It is considered an insulting gesture. They hate bats and consider them to be a symbol of vampires and evil gods. The number "13", "Friday" and other days are taboo. It is taboo to ask about one's income and possessions, as well as personal matters such as a woman's marriage, age, and the price of clothing. Taboo black. Think black is a symbol of solemnity, is the color of the funeral. Especially avoid giving cheap gifts with your company logo. Because it is obliged to advertise the suspicion.
. Canada Canada is mostly descended from immigrants from countries such as Britain and France. Aboriginal people make up 5%, Chinese 1.2%, and most practice Catholicism and Christianity.
Canadians are influenced by European immigrants, and their manners and etiquette are similar to those of Britain and France. In daily life, Canadians dress in European style. When going to work, they usually have to wear suits and sets of groups. When participating in social activities, they often have to wear dresses or fashions. In casual occasions, they are concerned with free dress, as long as they feel good about themselves. Shake hands is considered a friendly expression, generally in the meeting and parting shake on the line, do not have to repeatedly shake hands. During official hours, Canadians pay close attention to personal grooming and hygiene. So, they expect the same from their guests.
They have the habit of inviting friends and family to their homes **** dinner. Such invitations should be interpreted as an active show of friendship by the host. If you are invited to someone's home, it is wise to send your host some flowers. Do not send white lilies, they are associated with funerals. Canadians are proud of their country and object to overstated comparisons with the United States. Examples that speak of positive accomplishments and speak favorably of the Canadian people and their country are most welcome.
Canadians favor French cuisine and eat bread, beef, chicken, potatoes, and tomatoes on a daily basis. In general they are meat-oriented, especially love cheese and butter. Canadians attach importance to dinner. Diet pay attention to the nutrition and quality of dishes, pay attention to the freshness and tenderness of dishes. Taste generally do not like in too salty, prefer sweet. Generally, rice is the main food. Favors dishes made by pan-frying, grilling, deep-frying and other cooking methods. Favors Chinese cuisine such as Su cuisine, Shanghai cuisine and Lu cuisine. Used to drinking coffee and eating fruits after meals. Avoid eating all kinds of animal offal and don't like to eat fat meat.
Taboo "13", "Friday", that "13" is the number of bad luck, "Friday" is a symbol of disaster. Friday" is a symbol of disaster.
. Australia 95% of Australia's residents are descendants of immigrants from the United Kingdom and other European countries, with about 200,000 people of Chinese descent and Chinese nationals, 98% of the residents profess Christianity, and the rest profess Judaism, Buddhism and Islam.
Australians are conscientious and fastidious, preferring to be straightforward, treating people with sincerity and enthusiasm, and enjoying a warm handshake and name calling when they meet. Happy to make friends, even strangers, but also at first sight. They advocate friendliness, and humility and courtesy, attach importance to public **** morality, strong organizational discipline, strong sense of time, to appointments on time and value time. Women are more conservative and should be cautious when approaching. Wine and flowers can be given as a gift to guests.
Australians' eating habits and tastes are similar to those of the British. The food is light and not spicy. Home cooking includes omelette, scrambled eggs, ham, crispy chicken, fried shrimp, sweet and sour fish, smoked fish, beef and so on. The local famous dish is bison steak. Australians eat relatively large quantities of food, and beer is the most popular drink, with residents of the city of Darwin famous for drinking beer.
Australians tend to invite their friends to join them on outings, which they see as one of the shortest ways to get closer bilaterally. So a refusal would be interpreted by them as a lack of respect.
Australian Christians have a tradition of "Sunday worship". They do this "all the time", so avoid inviting them on this day.
The rabbit is an unlucky animal in the eyes of Australians. They believe that running into a rabbit could be an omen of impending bad luck.
Australians love sports activities, swimming and sunbathing are the people's favorite, and if there is anyone who does not know how to swim, it will also become the object of ridicule.
Talking to Australians about horse racing is a very popular topic.
. The United Kingdom England is more than 80% English. The rest are Scottish, Welsh and Irish, among others. The vast majority of the inhabitants are Christian and only a small percentage are Catholic.
The United Kingdom is a country of gentlemen, civilized and polite, focusing on cultivation. At the same time also require others to be polite to themselves. Attention to dress, what occasions to wear what clothing have certain practices. When you meet with your elders, superiors and unfamiliar with the use of honorifics, and in front of each other's names plus titles, titles or Mr., Ms., Mrs., Miss, and so on. Family, friends and acquaintances are often called by what they call each other. People who know each other for the first time shake hands, smile and say, "Hello!" In public, people generally do not hug, men and women in addition to couples in love generally do not walk hand in hand.
British people do not easily move emotions or make a statement. They believe that boastfulness is a lack of education, that boastfulness is a low-class flavor. People often use polite words such as "please", "excuse me" and "thank you" when interacting, even among family members.
Britain's "roast beef with Yorkshire pudding" is known as the national dish. It is a dish made from the meat of the loin of a cow, eggs, milk and flour, baked in the oven with beef and potatoes. The dish is served with a side dish of boiled vegetables, called "Roast Beef and Yorkshire Pudding". The average family eats three meals a day (i.e. breakfast, lunch and dinner). They have lunch as their main meal. A well-to-do family has four meals a day (i.e., breakfast, lunch, tea, and dinner).
Dishes with sticky sauce are not preferred; flavoring with MSG is avoided; and dog meat is not eaten. Taste not like too salty, love sweet, sour, slightly spicy flavor, to roast, boiled, steamed, branded, baked and baked and other cooking methods of the dishes made preference. They like Chinese Beijing, Sichuan and Cantonese cuisines.
They are generally fond of tea, especially women who are addicted to tea. "Afternoon tea" has almost become an essential habit of the British, even if the meeting, some of them also want to temporarily adjourn and drink "afternoon tea". Do not drink tea, to pour cold milk or fresh lemon in the cup, add some sugar, and then pour tea made of milk tea or lemon tea. If the first pour tea and then pour milk will be considered lack of education. They also like to drink whisky and soda, wine and champagne, and sometimes beer and spirits, without persuading each other to drink.
The British are reluctant to be called "English". Because "British" originally means "English", and you are hosting guests, may be English, Welsh or Northern Irish, while the "Britain" this title can make the All Brits can be satisfied.
The use of portraits, elephants and peacocks as dress patterns and merchandise decoration is taboo. They believe that elephants are stupid, peacocks are lewd birds, birds of misery, even the peacock open screen is considered to be self-aggrandizement and bragging rights. The number "13" is taboo. The number "3" is also taboo, and it is taboo to use the same match to light a cigarette for the third person. It is taboo to sit down and talk to a British person with your legs spread too wide, not to mention stretched legs. If you are standing, you should not put your hands in your pockets. It is taboo to whisper in their faces and tap them on the shoulder, or to look at them with your hand over your mouth and laugh, which is considered to be a mocking gesture. It is taboo to give someone lilies, which they believe means death.
. France France is about 94% French and the vast majority of its inhabitants are Catholic.
The French people are warm and cheerful, and can talk to each other for the first time, and they are very talkative. French people pay attention to the beauty of dress, especially women dressed in a very fashionable, especially like to use cosmetics, light lipstick on the morning, noon and night, the points, is the world's most dressed up women.
France is the world's earliest public kissing ceremony of the country, but also the use of kissing ceremony frequency is the most countries. Dating with the French must be pre-agreed time, on time to the appointment is a polite expression, but do not advance. Flowers are also a good gift for the French. French people can not have a lazy action in the public **** place, no loud noise.
French cooking world-famous, with materials to pay attention to, colorful varieties, taste characteristics of aroma and flavor of the original, fresh and tender taste, pay attention to color, shape and nutrition. The French cooking with wine is heavy, meat dishes burned not too cooked, such as duck three or four minutes cooked on it. Some meat is cooked up to seven or eight minutes, and oysters are usually eaten raw. The ingredients like to use garlic, cloves, herbs, onions, celery, carrots and so on. They do not eat spicy foods.
The French taboo yellow flowers, considered a sign of disloyalty. Taboo spade pattern, considered inauspicious; taboo dark green, because the German Nazi uniforms during World War II is dark green; taboo crane pattern, considered a symbol of stupid man and slut. Do not send perfume or cosmetics to women other than lovers, relatives, because these they think symbolizes excessive intimacy or plotting mischief.
. Germany Germany is overwhelmingly German. About half of the population is Christian, and another 46 percent is Catholic.
Germans Germans are disciplined, credible, extremely self-respecting, warm and very emotional. They love music.
The importance of address is a distinctive feature of the Germans in interpersonal communication. To the Germans call improperly, usually will make each other very unhappy.
In general, never call a German by his first name. It's okay to call them by their full name, or just their last name. When talking to Germans, don't neglect to use the pronouns "you" and "your". You can only be addressed as "you" to acquaintances, friends, or people of the same age. In Germany, "you" is used to show respect, while "you" is used to show equality and closeness.
Germans attach more importance to hairstyle. In Germany, men should not shave their heads to avoid being treated as "neo-Nazis". German girls' hair style is mostly short hair or shawl hair, permed women are mostly married.
Germans pay attention to dress, when going out must be neatly dressed, clean; meet and greet must be called title, not directly call the name; appointments on time, the concept of time is strong; hospitality, hospitality, honesty and reliability; feasts, the man sits on the left side of the women and people of high status, the lady left and returned to the table, the man to stand up to show courtesy; invited Germans to eat, it must be arranged in advance. It is best to talk to them about the wilderness. The best way to talk to them is to talk about the wilderness, and their personal hobbies are mostly sports. Answer the phone to tell the other party their name first.
The Germans' favorite food is pork, followed by beef. Various kinds of sausages made of pork, so that the Germans never get tired of eating. Walnuts are taboo.
If you drink beer and wine at the same time, drink the beer first, then the wine, otherwise it is considered bad for your health.
Whispering in public **** is considered very rude.
In Germany, roses are used exclusively for mourning the dead and are not to be given away freely. Teal, red and dark blue are taboo.
Swastikas are taboo on clothing and other merchandise packaging.
. ItalyItaly is predominantly Italian, with more than 90% of its inhabitants practicing Catholicism.
If someone sneezes, the person next to them immediately says, "Salvi! (to your health)". In addition, it is considered rude and offensive to sneeze or cough in front of someone, so you must immediately say "sorry" to the person next to you.
Ladies are treated with respect and are given priority, especially in social situations.
Italians are hospitable, courteous and polite. On formal occasions, dressed very well. Meet is a handshake or a gesture; to the elders, status and less familiar people, to address his surname, plus "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Miss" and honorary title; and the Italian people talk to pay attention to proportion. Italians should pay attention to the conversation, generally talk about work, news, soccer; do not talk about politics and American football.
Italians have the habit of drinking coffee in the morning, eating braised fruit and drinking sour milk. Alcohol, especially wine, is an indispensable beverage for Italians, and both men and women drink wine with almost every meal, even when drinking coffee, which is also mixed with some wine.
The Italians abstain from chrysanthemums.
. Russia Russia is predominantly Russian and Orthodox Christianity is the main religion.
Russians are cheerful, bold, and have a strong collective concept. They meet with people, most of the handshake salute, embrace salute is also a common salute for them. They also have the habit of kissing, but for different people, on different occasions, the kissing ceremony also has a certain difference: generally between friends, or elders to elders, to kiss the cheeks of more, but elders to elders to kiss the forehead for the more gracious and loving; men in particular respect for married women, generally more kissing ceremony, to show humility and respect. Kissing lips is generally only popular among couples or lovers.
The host gives bread and salt to his guests as a sign of the greatest solicitude. Dinner is generally asked for more simply, and more importance is attached to breakfast and lunch. Mealtime are accustomed to drag a long time. Happy to taste different flavors of dishes, dishes like cooked and crispy. They like Chinese food very much.
In hospitality, the word "you" is often used to show respect and politeness; while friends and relatives often use the word "you", which is considered to be casual, and at the same time shows the warmth and friendliness of friends and relatives. When going out, pay close attention to the appearance of instrumentation, clothing buttons to be buttoned up complete, always used to be well-dressed. When men go out, they must shave their beards; they must be on time for their appointments; and they must show respect for women in every social situation.
and the Russians to speak frankly, not behind the back of other people, not to say that they are petty; to women to be very respectful, taboo to ask the age and the price of clothing and so on.
Russians do not eat sea cucumbers, jellyfish, cuttlefish, fungus. Favorite "7", that "7" omen will be successful, "7" can also bring people beauty and happiness. They generally love the color red. People regard red as a symbol of beauty and good luck. When you are invited to a Russian home, you can bring flowers or spirits with you, and it is popular to give art or books as gifts. The hostess welcomes the singular flowers brought to her by a visiting guest; the man prefers large, colorful flowers with tall stems.
Nothing, not even an expired movie ticket, should ever be thrown out on the street. Such behavior detracts from Russian tidiness and is against the rules.
Salt is greatly worshipped and regarded as a treasure and a ritual offering. Salt is believed to have the power to drive away evil spirits and disasters. If someone accidentally knocks over the salt shaker or spills salt on the ground, it is considered an omen of family discord. In order to get rid of the bad omen, they always used to pick up the spilled salt on the ground