Mumbai, a coastal city in western India and the capital of the state of Maharashtra, with an area of 603 square kilometers and a population of 21.04 million, Mumbai is an important trade center and port city.

According to the World Urbanization Prospects report published by the United Nations in 2014, Mumbai, with a population of 21 million, is the second most populous city in India (after New Delhi, the capital of India, with a population of 25 million). On the island of Mumbai, 16 kilometers from the coast, it is connected by bridges and causeways. Bombay was occupied by Portugal in 1534 and transferred to the British in 1661, and was an important trading center in Asia. Mumbai is located on the island of Sarset off the west coast of Maharashtra, facing the Arabian Sea. The port of Mumbai is a natural deep-water harbor that carries more than half of India's passenger traffic and a considerable amount of cargo. Mumbai is the business and entertainment capital of India and is home to important financial institutions - such as the Reserve Bank of India, the Bombay Stock Exchange, the National Stock Exchange of India and the headquarters of many Indian companies. The city is the home of the Indian Hindi film and television industry (known as Bollywood). Due to its vast business opportunities, and relatively high standard of living, Mumbai attracts immigrants from all over India, making the city a hodgepodge of social groups and cultures. As of 2015, Mumbai's population has totaled 21.04 million. Mumbai is home to several World Heritage Sites such as the Jatrapati Shivaji Terminal and the Elephant Island Caves, and is also a very rare city to have a National Park (Sanjay Gandhi National Park) within the world.

Basic introduction Chinese name ：Mumbai Foreign name ：Mumbai Administrative district ：Mumbai Region ：Maharashtra State, India Subordinate areas ：Metropolitan and suburban area Geographic location ：North latitude 19 degrees, East longitude 73 degrees Area ：603.4Km2 Population ：2.10.4million(2015) Dialect ：Marathi,Hindi Climatic condition ：Tropical monsoon climate Famous attractions ：India Gate, Agandhi Cave Complex, Elephant Island Caves and other cultural heritages. Achandra Cave Complex, Elephant Island, etc Airport : Jatrapati Shivaji International Airport Train Station : Victoria Railway Station Real GDP : $80.1 billion (2017)? Purchasing power parity : $310 billion (2017)? Introduction, Climate, Religion, Transportation, Airplanes, Trains, Buses, Taxis, Intercity Trains, Boats, Public Transportation, Economy, Media, Culture, Cuisine, Specialties, Festivals, Tourism, Education, Sports, City Honors, Introduction Mumbai (孟买, November 1995, India *** changed the English name of Mumbai from "Bombay" to "Mumbai"), the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Mumbai, the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra, is India's largest seaport and an important transportation hub, known as India's "Gateway to the West". Mumbai The word "Mumbai" is derived from the Portuguese word "Bom Bahia", meaning "beautiful bay". On November 22, 1995, the Union of India *** has decided to change its English spelling to "Mumbai". Mumbai, near the Arabian Sea, was originally seven small islands in the Arabian Sea, which was ceded to the Portuguese colonizers by the Sultan of Gujarat at the beginning of the 16th century, and then transferred to the United Kingdom as the dowry of the Portuguese princess in 1661, and later became a peninsula after continuous dredging and filling with bridges and embankments to connect with the mainland. Mumbai downtown backed by green hills, facing the sea, the vast seaside beaches and quiet street gardens, making the city elegant and beautiful. On the crescent-shaped coast, a new skyscraper and old buildings. At night, the lights are shining, golden light, so that Mumbai is also known as the "Queen's Necklace". The Victoria Gardens in the center of Mumbai was built in 1861 and houses a zoo, the Victoria and Alpine Museum and an excavated stone elephant. On the shores of the Arabian Sea is the "India Gate", built to commemorate the visit of King George V to India in 1911. This magnificent Gujarati structure, with its Islamic and Hindu architectural features and its four towers visible from the top, has become the symbol of the city of Mumbai. The Prince of Wales Museum in the city has a collection of rare paintings, Chinese jade and pottery. Mumbai Mumbai has not only Hindu temples, but also many mosques and Christian and Catholic churches, among which are the ancient temple of Babulnath near Jopati Beach, the Mumba Devi Temple in Buhuleshwar Market, and the Mahalasamy Temple, which is dedicated to the god of wealth and prosperity. There is also a cave temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, one of the 3 major gods of Hinduism, built in the 7th century A.D. on Elephanta Island, 6 kilometers southeast of the city. Every year, at the change of monsoon and the end of the rainy season, Hindus go to Bombay Bay, the birthplace of the Elephant God (God of Wisdom), to celebrate the Elephant God Festival. Pilgrims carry statues of Shiva, the Snowy Mountain Goddess and their son, the Elephant Head God, through the streets in a procession of revelry. Mumbai city has Asia's longest jewelry street "Gold Market Street", where the operation of gold and silver jewelry stores of all sizes lined up, stores connected. Display a variety of colors of gold and silver jewelry in a wide range of windows, in and out of Mumbai travelers and tourists have to come here to choose one or two pieces of jewelry that you want. Mumbai is the birthplace of the Indian textile industry, or one of the world's largest textile export port. All kinds of Indian cloth, linen yarn, most of the output from here. Mumbai is also India's economic center, industrial base. The number of factories in Mumbai accounts for 15% of the total number of factories in India, with textile factories accounting for 40%. Climate Much of Mumbai has a tropical monsoon climate, influenced by the monsoon winds, resulting in a clear distinction between rainy and dry seasons. Moreover, the tall Himalayan mountain range in the north is a barrier to the cold air from the north, which makes the temperature here a bit warmer than at the same latitude. The temperature in Mumbai is greater than 20°C throughout the year, with the rainy season from June to September and the dry season from October to May. Mumbai's summers are rainy, humid and muggy, with temperatures reaching as high as 44°C, and winter temperatures are also typically high around 25-30°C. Religion India has 10 major ethnic groups and many smaller ones. India has a population of 1 billion, the second largest in the world after China. There are 10 large ethnic groups and many smaller ethnic groups, Hindustani 46.3%, Telugu 8.6%, Bengali 7.7%, Marathi 7.6%, Tamil 7.4%, Gujarati 4.6%, Kannada 3.9%, Malayalam 3.9%, Oriya 3.8%, Punjabi 2.3%. English and Hindi are both official languages. About 83% of the inhabitants practice Hinduism, followed by Islam (11%), Christianity (2%), Sikhism (2%), Buddhism (1%) and Jainism (1%), among others. Probably the greatest cultural feature for India's capital city, New Delhi, is the religious culture here. Indian civilization was first born in the Indus Valley, known as the Indus Civilization, and then the center of Indian civilization gradually shifted to the Ganges Valley, where Brahminism (the predecessor of Hinduism), Jainism and Buddhism emerged one after another. Throughout India's history, Indian religions as well as religious myths have permeated this ancient civilization and remain an integral part of the culture of all segments of Indian society to this day. Whether it is Hinduism, which has the largest number of followers, or Islam, Christianity, or Buddhism that is concentrated in this country, religion is not something that exists outside of people as a "form", but rather it is a belief that is y rooted in their lives and governs life and death within them. Influenced by religion, Indians have a traditional view of compassion for life, and those who adhere to the teachings of religion are indeed gentle, for both the teachings of the gods and Gandhi's advocacy of "nonviolence" seem to teach Indians to face the world with gentleness. And this religious thinking is reflected in all aspects of people's lives. People were devoted to their respective religions and acted according to their teachings. From morning to night, from life to death, Indians associate their every action with religion. Even in the Indian food culture, there is a deep sense of religion. India's devout Buddhists and Hindus are vegetarians, and Jains are strict vegetarians, with vegetarians accounting for more than half of India's population. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that India is a vegetarian kingdom, and that vegetarianism is one of the most fundamental features of Indian food culture. Transportation Airplanes Mumbai is both the largest international airport and has the busiest domestic flight routes in southern India, so Mumbai airport is crowded every day. Mumbai's domestic routes go to Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Goa, Jaipur and Kolkata. Free buses are available from the airport to and from the international and domestic terminals. The best way to get to and from Mumbai at Mumbai Airport is to take a cab, there are pre-payment kiosks at the airport and the price is around Rs. 500. TIPS: Be careful when taking a taxi at the airport, there may be locals who offer to take your luggage and put it in the car for you and then ask for Rs. 500 as baggage fee, this is a common occurrence in Mumbai, just refuse it. Trains The two highest train stations in Mumbai that tourists can use are the Central Railway Station and the Western Railway Station. Trains from Central Railway Station run mainly to the east, south and to a lesser extent to the north, and the station code is CST. There is a pre-payment center at the side of the station, where you can take taxis. Foreigners can buy tickets 60 days in advance at ticket counter 52. The Western Railway Station runs mainly to the North, including Rajasthan and Delhi. The Advance Payment Center is across the street from the Churchgate Railway Station. Buses Many private bus companies operate long-distance shuttles to and from Mumbai, and these are generally comfortable and easy to book. For details, call NationalTravels for specific departure times and prices. Buses to the south can be caught at AzardMaidan, where there is a ticket office next to the station. Coaches to and from interstate depart from Mumbai's Central Bus Station, which is part of the Mumbai Central Railway Station. Buses from here are operated by the state-run bus company and are cheap but crowded. Taxis The taxis in Mumbai are old-fashioned and have a great feel to them. Taxis are the easiest and fastest way to see Mumbai. Neither taxi drivers nor tuktuk drivers necessarily know all the street names in Mumbai, so it's best to tell them about nearby landmarks. Taxis are metered by checking the chart carried by the driver, it's Rs 13 for 1.6 kilometers and Rs 7 per kilometer after that there's a 25% charge added at midnight and early morning. TIPS: Remember to negotiate the price for both cabs and tuktuks, or ask the driver to always use the meter to avoid rip-offs from less-than-honest drivers. Intercity Train This is the most popular mode of transportation for commuters in Mumbai. There are three main lines, the Westernline, the Central Mainline and the Harbourline. The Westernline runs from Churchgate to the western suburbs and the CentralMainline runs from CST to Byculla, Dadar station. The ticket price for boarding the train from Church Gate to Central Station is Rs. 5 for second class and Rs. 41 for first class. There are special compartments for ladies at the front of the train. As Mumbai commuters take this train, do not take the train during peak commuting hours, it is very very crowded. MRT Mumbai MRT is India's largest urban rail transit system, which started operations in June 2014. Currently*** it has 1 line and 12 stations with a total length of 11.4 km and 3 more MRT lines are planned. Ferry PNP and MaldarCatamarans operate ferry lines to Elephant Island and various beaches. Public Transportation Mumbai's buses are good for short distances, and a bus ride in south Mumbai costs as little as Rs. 3. Economy Mumbai provides 10% of all jobs in India and is a major contributor to tax revenues. Mumbai contributes 40% of all income tax, 60% of customs duty and 20% of franchise tax. A large number of Indian financial institutions are headquartered in Mumbai South and many foreign banks and financial institutions have set up branches here. Mumbai is the largest cotton textile center in the country, accounting for more than 30% of the country's spindles and looms. In addition, woolen, leather, chemical, pharmaceutical, machinery, food and film industries all have their share. Petrochemicals, fertilizers and nuclear power generation are also developing rapidly. Offshore exploitation of the continental shelf oil fields, the rapid development of the oil refining industry. Mumbai is known as the "Cotton Port", is the center of the textile industry in India, and is famous for its well-developed cotton textile industry, with the number of yarn bloomers and spinning machines accounting for 1/3 of the country, and annually produces a large amount of cotton yarn and cloth, which is exported to all parts of India, Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States. Media Mumbai has a large number of newspapers, television and radio stations. Some of the more popular English-language newspapers published in Mumbai are The Times of India and The Indian Express. Marathi newspapers include Loksatta, Sakaal and Maharashtra Times. Apart from these, there are newspapers published in other Indian languages. Mumbai also boasts of India's oldest newspaper, the Bombay News, published in Gujarati and English since 1822, and the first Marathi newspaper was also born in Mumbai in 1832. The national television broadcaster, Flumen TV, offers two free-to-air terrestrial channels, while three major cable networks serve most households, with the more popular channels including the four channels Zee Marathi, DD Sahyadri, Zee TV, Star plus and a number of news channels. Through cable television, Mumbai households have access to over 100 television channels, most of which are produced to cater to the city's multilingual masses. The metropolitan area is also the center of many multinational media companies. There are nine radio stations in Mumbai, six broadcasting on the FM band and three on the AM band. Culture Mumbai is the entertainment center of India and is the birthplace of Indian cinema (the first Indian film was shot here on July 7, 1896), initially silent, and later in the early 20th century with the addition of Marathi dialog - India's oldest film dubbing. Mumbai is also home to most of the country's film studios and is known as the "Broadway of India". Most of India's major television and satellite networks, as well as major publishing houses, are headquartered in Mumbai. Bollywood, the center of the Hindi film industry, is also located in Mumbai, along with its largest studio. The base of the Marathi film industry is also located in Mumbai. Bollywood is also known as the "Hindi cinema", but Urdu poetry is quite common here, while the English dialogues and songs are increasing year by year. A number of films have English word phrases or even entire sentences in their dialogues. Some movies are also made available in two or three languages (using subtitles in different languages, or different audio tracks). Bollywood has had a significant influence on popular culture in India and throughout the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East, and parts of Africa and Southeast Asia, and has spread throughout the world through the export of immigrants from South Asia. Cuisine Mumbai is the culinary center of India, with restaurants of all cuisines and specialties. From the fine dining restaurants attached to five-star hotels to the famous night market chef "Bada Mia", you can enjoy this delicacy everywhere. If you're a late-night snacker, you might want to try one of the local roadside stalls, which feature a special dish called halal kebab. The best restaurant in Colaba is a Chinese restaurant called Nanking, which serves juicy steamed crab and fried lobster. Mumbai's curry and rice, fried bread poori and lobster pattias cooked with spices are also not to be missed. Indian Flying Cake What the Chinese call "Indian Flying Cake" is known in India as "Gabbadi", which seems to be more of a wonderful handicraft. Indians do Gabbardi, the first and neatly and flour, kneaded into a small round ball, and then rolled a few times, then put into a small pan in the heating. Next to the pan is a small, simple stove with a blue flame, but no pan on top. When the cakes in the pan are almost cooked and a little puffed up, the cooks will quickly use... Indian Curry Rice It is well known that curry originated in India. However, it was not until the late 18th century that curry as a meal became known to the world after the British brought it back to England from India. Initially, it was regarded as a meat dish, i.e., a curry-flavored meat dish served with rice, and in the early 19th century, the British developed and commercialized "curry", which was a mixture of various spices and seasonings. Since then, it has been served at home... Poori Poori is an Indian snack, a palm-sized disc that bulges when fried, with a hollow center, and can be eaten with a main dish or vegetable puree, and is also found in the general Thali diet. There is also the Phulka, a whole-wheat flour-based pancake, which is much smaller than the Phulka and is often found in roadside stalls. Specialties Soft leather bags embroidered with gold and silver thread Local artisans specialize in making leather slippers, bags, handbags, ornaments and other leather goods that are worth buying. The unique gold and silver thread embroidery is a favorite among women. Woodcarving India's handicrafts and specialties, rich in folklore, are a shopping paradise for tourists who love exotic flavors. In Mumbai you can buy souvenirs from all over India. Indian wood carvings often have strong ethnic and religious colors. Festivals The Festival of Ten Saints Festivals: It is a Hindu festival and a major national festival. The festival originates from the epic Ramayana, which commemorates Rama's final victory over the demon king Ropona. Festival time: the calendar September, October Nine Nights Festival Festival features: all over India will be held for 10 consecutive days and nine nights of celebration. This festival, in addition to honoring Hindu goddesses, is also a celebration of Elephanta Festival Festival time: Every year between about September and October Elephanta Festival Every year in January on Elephanta Island, the festival will showcase classical music and dance. Mumbai Festival Started in 2004, this festival is held in January every year and showcases the food, dance and culture of Mumbai. Tourism Located on the island of Salsette off the west coast of Maharashtra, facing the Arabian Sea, Mumbai is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra, the most populous city in India and one of the most populous in the world. The city is the western gateway to India and is the capital of India's business and entertainment industry and an important trade center. Mumbai backed by green hills, facing the sea, the vast coastal beaches and quiet street gardens, so that the city is elegant and beautiful, there is the "Queen's Necklace" known as the beauty. Mumbai not only has Hindu temples, there are many mosques and Christian and Catholic churches, which makes the city full of rich religious flavor. Mumbai's landmark building is the India Gate, which is the face of India and an iconic building, resembling the Arc de Triomphe in France. It is currently used to receive important guests and has become one of the major tourist attractions in India. Apart from this, the Achandra Cave Complex, the Promenade, the National Gallery of Modern Art, and the Jehangir Art Gallery are also must-see places. 1, Gateway of India Facing the Mumbai Bay, it is the facade and landmark of India, 46 meters high, resembling the Arc de Triomphe of France, built in commemoration of the visit of George V and Queen Mary to India, and is now the face of Mumbai for receiving important guests, and has become one of the important tourist attractions of India. 2, Achandra Caves Situated on the cliffs of the Vaguna Valley in the village of Achandra in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra state in the northeast of Mumbai, more than 70 meters away from the bottom of the cliffs, the entire cluster of caves is more than 500 meters long, with 29 caves unfolding on the cliffs in the shape of a scythe, with a hundred years of history of the grottoes, the wisdom and wisdom of the toiling Ancient Indian people's wisdom and sweat of the crystallization. The caves are all-encompassing, beautiful and spectacular, with exquisite murals, monasteries and frescoes carved on the cave walls recording Buddhist art, history and the royal life of several Indians, and the frescoes are lifelike. Achandra Cave complex of painting, carving Buddhism and history as a whole, has a high artistic value, is an important world cultural heritage. 3, Elephant Island Located in the northeastern part of the Gulf of Bombay on a small island, first discovered by the Portuguese and then with the Portuguese language for its name, Elephant Island listen to its name is like a zoo, in fact, the biggest attraction of the Elephant Island is the four carved in the rocks of the Hindu temples and the seven grottoes, many of the grottoes, several storms, the preservation of a Shiva Better is a Shiva temple, Shiva temple in a variety of Shiva carving like, like the more famous "Shiva three-face like", "dancing Shiva" and "half of the Lord of the female" and so on. 4. Prince of Wales Museum The Prince of Wales Museum is one of the largest museums in India. The collection is full of valuable artifacts and artifacts from various periods and so on. There are also some valuable sculptures and large collections. Some of the historical artifacts of our country are also collected here. In addition, the museum itself is also a work of art, Muslim architectural style, the decoration is generous and elegant without losing nobility. 5, Bayfront Avenue If Mumbai is a princess for India, then the Bayfront Avenue is the princess's necklace. The crescent-like shape quietly falls on the edge of the city's beaches, embellishing Mumbai in such a moving way. In the evening, strolling in the promenade, blowing the sea breeze, listening to a romantic jazz, just after tasting the food on the edge of the mouth is still a trace of sweetness, both sides of the plants with the wind rocking chairs, South Asia's stunning scenery in this place is undoubtedly. A leisurely walk here is the only way to get to India. Education Mumbai's schools range from 'city schools' (run by the municipal authorities) to private schools (run by trusts or private individuals, often with *** funding). Many residents choose to send their children to private schools because they are more basic and use English as the medium of education. All private schools are affiliated with the Maharashtra State Secondary School Certificate (SSC), or the All India Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) and the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). There is a particularly high demand for schools belonging to the ICSE and CBSE systems, as well as schools run by Catholic convents or Jesuits. *** Public schools lack many facilities, but they are the only option for the poor, who cannot afford the expensive tuition fees of private schools. Under the 10+2+3 system, students in Mumbai are required to undergo 10 years of primary education in China and then enter a two-year college where they choose one of three major fields: arts, commerce or science. This is followed by either a comprehensive course of study in one of the fields, or a specialized course of study such as law, engineering, medicine, etc. Most of the colleges in the city are affiliated to the University of Mumbai, making it one of the largest universities in the world as far as graduating students are concerned. Also in Mumbai is one of India's premier engineering colleges, IIT Bombay, and SNDT Women's University. Mumbai is home to 2 of India's major research institutes - the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) and the Bukhbukha Atomic Research Center (BARC). Sports Cricket is one of the most popular sports in Mumbai as in other parts of India. Cricket matches are usually played on playgrounds spread across the city. Backyard cricket, a modified form of cricket, can be played in the city's narrow alleys and is especially common on Sundays. Mumbai has also given birth to several internationally renowned cricketers belonging to the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). The city takes great interest in international cricket tournaments and comes to a virtual standstill whenever the Indian cricket team participates in important matches for a few days. The city **** has 2 international cricket stadiums: the Wankhede Stadium and the Blythebourne Stadium. The local Mumbai cricket team is one of the strongest contenders in the country's top domestic cricket tour. Overall, soccer is not as popular in Mumbai as it is in West Bengal, Kerala and Goa, but it is a popular sport in Mumbai during the long rainy season when other outdoor sports are not available. In Mumbai, the World Cup soccer matches are among the most watched programs. Field hockey, India's national sport, has declined dramatically, losing out to cricket in terms of popularity, although many Mumbai players play for the national team. Other sports are played mainly at numerous clubs and arenas, including lawn tennis, squash, billiards, badminton, pool and golf. Rugby is also played in Mumbai, one of the very few cities in India where this sport is played. Every February, Mumbai organizes a horse race at the Maharashmi Racecourse, which attracts a lot of public attention and is attended by a number of fashionably dressed upper class people. Other sports such as volleyball and basketball are mainly popular in schools and colleges. Since 2004, the annual Mumbai Marathon Run has been organized on the initiative of Standard Chartered Bank to promote mass sports in India. City Honors In November 2018, the World City Rankings were released, placing Mumbai among the top tier cities in the world.