This paper introduces the unique differences between Chinese and western downloads, the long-standing historical origins, and the development direction of modern Chinese caused by "harmony but difference".
Keywords: etiquette, cultural differences, reasons and directions
First, a brief history of the evolution of Chinese etiquette culture
Since Neanderthals sewed clothes 500,000 years ago, civilization has been accompanied by human development. It is said that "the ceremony of the Five Emperors of Yanhuang began in the freshman year, the ceremony began in the Sui Dynasty, and the name of the ceremony began in the Yellow Emperor". Since the earliest secretaries in China became "historians", ceremonies began to appear in a formal way. Father and son are close, monarch and minister are righteous, husband and wife are different, young and old are orderly, and friends are trustworthy. This "five codes" is enough to explain the standard system of etiquette at that time.
About the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, etiquette began to be standardized. The establishment of Taishiliao, the earliest secretariat organization, the appearance of Zhou Li, the first ancient book recording "Rites" and the prevalence of "Three Rites" marked the maturity of ancient etiquette in China.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a hundred schools of thought contended and vigorously promoted etiquette. Confucius and Mencius' etiquette thought constituted the basic spirit of China traditional culture and laid the foundation of ancient etiquette culture.
The feudal etiquette formed in the Qin and Han Dynasties and the proposal of "Three Cardinals and Five Permits" were spread and popularized from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.
Since the May 4th Movement, China's etiquette has paid more attention to absorbing the advantages of current international etiquette for our use.
Second, a brief history of the evolution of western etiquette culture
Aegean region and Greece are the cradles of western classical civilization in Eurasia. From about 6000 BC, the inhabitants of Aegean Islands began to engage in agricultural production. Since then, Crete culture and Mycenae culture have appeared one after another. 1 1 century BC, ancient Greece entered the Homeric era named after Homer's epic. Ancient Greek philosophers had many wonderful expositions on etiquette. For example, Pythagoras (580-500 BC) first put forward the view that "virtue is a kind of harmony and order"; Socrates (469 BC-399 BC) believed that the task of philosophy is not to talk about heaven and earth, but to understand people's inner world and cultivate people's moral concepts. He not only teaches people to be polite to others, but also practices himself as a teacher in life.
In 476 AD, the Western Roman Empire perished, and Europe began the process of feudalism. The period from 12 to17th century was the heyday of European feudal society. The feudal hierarchy formed in medieval Europe linked feudal lords and vassals with land relations. Strict and tedious aristocratic etiquette and court etiquette have been formulated here. From n 14 to16th century, Europe entered the Renaissance.
17 and 18 centuries were the periods when the European bourgeois revolution rose, and the Dutch revolution, the British revolution and the French revolution broke out one after another. With the establishment and development of capitalist system in Europe, etiquette in capitalist society gradually replaced etiquette in feudal society. Capitalist society pursues the principle of "everyone is born free and equal", but due to the economic, political and legal inequality of all social strata, real freedom and equality cannot be realized. However, the capitalist era also compiled a large number of etiquette works. For example, the Czech bourgeois educator Comenius (A.D. 1592- 1670) compiled the Handbook of Youth Behavior and so on. John Locke, a British bourgeois educational thinker, wrote A Random Talk on Education in A.D. 1693.
Until modern times, the growth of western forces and the colonization of poor countries brought their etiquette culture to the colonized countries and began to influence the etiquette culture of the world, becoming a model of the etiquette culture of the world.